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Auteur Michael V. LOMBARDO |
Documents disponibles écrits par cet auteur (9)
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Alexithymia in children with and without autism spectrum disorders / Cáit GRIFFIN in Autism Research, 9-7 (July 2016)
[article]
Titre : Alexithymia in children with and without autism spectrum disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Cáit GRIFFIN, Auteur ; Michael V. LOMBARDO, Auteur ; Bonnie AUYEUNG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.773-780 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism alexithymia parent-report self-report autistic traits children Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Alexithymia refers to pronounced difficulty in identifying and describing one's own emotions and is associated with an externally oriented focus of thinking. Alexithymia is known to be much more common in adults with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) compared with the typically developing (TD) adult population. However, we know very little about alexithymia in young children with ASD and advancing our understanding of this topic may be of critical clinical and translational importance. Here, we present the first study to examine alexithymia in children with ASD. We find that alexithymia is substantially elevated in ASD on both self- and parent-report measures. Despite both measures being sensitive to on-average group differentiation, we find no evidence of correlation between such measures, indicating that children and their parents may be using different sources of information. Parent-rated alexithymia is also associated with increasing levels of autistic traits. Discrepancy between self and other alexithymia ratings are also associated with autistic traits, but only in ASD. These results underscore the idea that assessing alexithymia in ASD at younger ages may help identify important subgroups that have particular difficulties in the domain of emotion processing. Autism Res 2016, 9: 773–780. © 2015 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1569 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=292
in Autism Research > 9-7 (July 2016) . - p.773-780[article] Alexithymia in children with and without autism spectrum disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Cáit GRIFFIN, Auteur ; Michael V. LOMBARDO, Auteur ; Bonnie AUYEUNG, Auteur . - p.773-780.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 9-7 (July 2016) . - p.773-780
Mots-clés : autism alexithymia parent-report self-report autistic traits children Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Alexithymia refers to pronounced difficulty in identifying and describing one's own emotions and is associated with an externally oriented focus of thinking. Alexithymia is known to be much more common in adults with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) compared with the typically developing (TD) adult population. However, we know very little about alexithymia in young children with ASD and advancing our understanding of this topic may be of critical clinical and translational importance. Here, we present the first study to examine alexithymia in children with ASD. We find that alexithymia is substantially elevated in ASD on both self- and parent-report measures. Despite both measures being sensitive to on-average group differentiation, we find no evidence of correlation between such measures, indicating that children and their parents may be using different sources of information. Parent-rated alexithymia is also associated with increasing levels of autistic traits. Discrepancy between self and other alexithymia ratings are also associated with autistic traits, but only in ASD. These results underscore the idea that assessing alexithymia in ASD at younger ages may help identify important subgroups that have particular difficulties in the domain of emotion processing. Autism Res 2016, 9: 773–780. © 2015 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1569 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=292 Atypical functional connectivity of temporal cortex with precuneus and visual regions may be an early-age signature of ASD / Teresa H. WEN ; Lauren KUPIS ; Lisa T. EYLER ; Vani TALUJA ; Jaden TROXEL ; Disha GOEL ; Michael V. LOMBARDO ; Karen PIERCE ; Eric COURCHESNE in Molecular Autism, 14 (2023)
[article]
Titre : Atypical functional connectivity of temporal cortex with precuneus and visual regions may be an early-age signature of ASD Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Teresa H. WEN, Auteur ; Lauren KUPIS, Auteur ; Lisa T. EYLER, Auteur ; Vani TALUJA, Auteur ; Jaden TROXEL, Auteur ; Disha GOEL, Auteur ; Michael V. LOMBARDO, Auteur ; Karen PIERCE, Auteur ; Eric COURCHESNE, Auteur Article en page(s) : 11 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Social and language abilities are closely intertwined during early typical development. In autism spectrum disorder (ASD), however, deficits in social and language development are early-age core symptoms. We previously reported that superior temporal cortex, a well-established social and language region, shows reduced activation to social affective speech in ASD toddlers; however, the atypical cortical connectivity that accompanies this deviance remains unknown. METHODS: We collected clinical, eye tracking, and resting-state fMRI data from 86 ASD and non-ASD subjects (mean age 2.3?+?0.7 years). Functional connectivity of left and right superior temporal regions with other cortical regions and correlations between this connectivity and each child's social and language abilities were examined. RESULTS: While there was no group difference in functional connectivity, the connectivity between superior temporal cortex and frontal and parietal regions was significantly correlated with language, communication, and social abilities in non-ASD subjects, but these effects were absent in ASD subjects. Instead, ASD subjects, regardless of different social or nonsocial visual preferences, showed atypical correlations between temporal-visual region connectivity and communication ability (r(49)=0.55, p<0.001) and between temporal-precuneus connectivity and expressive language ability (r(49)=0.58, p<0.001). LIMITATIONS: The distinct connectivity-behavior correlation patterns may be related to different developmental stages in ASD and non-ASD subjects. The use of a prior 2-year-old template for spatial normalization may not be optimal for a few subjects beyond this age range. CONCLUSIONS: Superior temporal cortex is known to have reduced activation to social affective speech in ASD at early ages, and here we find in ASD toddlers that it also has atypical connectivity with visual and precuneus cortices that is correlated with communication and language ability, a pattern not seen in non-ASD toddlers. This atypicality may be an early-age signature of ASD that also explains why the disorder has deviant early language and social development. Given that these atypical connectivity patterns are also present in older individuals with ASD, we conclude these atypical connectivity patterns persist across age and may explain why successful interventions targeting language and social skills at all ages in ASD are so difficult to achieve. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-023-00543-8 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=513
in Molecular Autism > 14 (2023) . - 11 p.[article] Atypical functional connectivity of temporal cortex with precuneus and visual regions may be an early-age signature of ASD [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Teresa H. WEN, Auteur ; Lauren KUPIS, Auteur ; Lisa T. EYLER, Auteur ; Vani TALUJA, Auteur ; Jaden TROXEL, Auteur ; Disha GOEL, Auteur ; Michael V. LOMBARDO, Auteur ; Karen PIERCE, Auteur ; Eric COURCHESNE, Auteur . - 11 p.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Molecular Autism > 14 (2023) . - 11 p.
Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Social and language abilities are closely intertwined during early typical development. In autism spectrum disorder (ASD), however, deficits in social and language development are early-age core symptoms. We previously reported that superior temporal cortex, a well-established social and language region, shows reduced activation to social affective speech in ASD toddlers; however, the atypical cortical connectivity that accompanies this deviance remains unknown. METHODS: We collected clinical, eye tracking, and resting-state fMRI data from 86 ASD and non-ASD subjects (mean age 2.3?+?0.7 years). Functional connectivity of left and right superior temporal regions with other cortical regions and correlations between this connectivity and each child's social and language abilities were examined. RESULTS: While there was no group difference in functional connectivity, the connectivity between superior temporal cortex and frontal and parietal regions was significantly correlated with language, communication, and social abilities in non-ASD subjects, but these effects were absent in ASD subjects. Instead, ASD subjects, regardless of different social or nonsocial visual preferences, showed atypical correlations between temporal-visual region connectivity and communication ability (r(49)=0.55, p<0.001) and between temporal-precuneus connectivity and expressive language ability (r(49)=0.58, p<0.001). LIMITATIONS: The distinct connectivity-behavior correlation patterns may be related to different developmental stages in ASD and non-ASD subjects. The use of a prior 2-year-old template for spatial normalization may not be optimal for a few subjects beyond this age range. CONCLUSIONS: Superior temporal cortex is known to have reduced activation to social affective speech in ASD at early ages, and here we find in ASD toddlers that it also has atypical connectivity with visual and precuneus cortices that is correlated with communication and language ability, a pattern not seen in non-ASD toddlers. This atypicality may be an early-age signature of ASD that also explains why the disorder has deviant early language and social development. Given that these atypical connectivity patterns are also present in older individuals with ASD, we conclude these atypical connectivity patterns persist across age and may explain why successful interventions targeting language and social skills at all ages in ASD are so difficult to achieve. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-023-00543-8 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=513 Brain Routes for Reading in Adults with and without Autism: EMEG Evidence / Rachel L. MOSELEY in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 44-1 (January 2014)
[article]
Titre : Brain Routes for Reading in Adults with and without Autism: EMEG Evidence Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Rachel L. MOSELEY, Auteur ; Friedemann PULVERMULLER, Auteur ; Bettina MOHR, Auteur ; Michael V. LOMBARDO, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur ; Yury SHTYROV, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.137-153 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Reading Dual-route model Hyperlexia Semantics EEG MEG Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Reading utilises at least two neural pathways. The temporal lexical route visually maps whole words to their lexical entries, whilst the nonlexical route decodes words phonologically via parietal cortex. Readers typically employ the lexical route for familiar words, but poor comprehension plus precocity at mechanically ‘sounding out’ words suggests that differences might exist in autism. Combined MEG/EEG recordings of adults with autistic spectrum conditions (ASC) and controls while reading revealed preferential recruitment of temporal areas in controls and additional parietal recruitment in ASC. Furthermore, a lack of differences between semantic word categories was consistent with previous suggestion that people with ASC may lack a ‘default’ lexical-semantic processing mode. These results are discussed with reference to dual-route models of reading. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-013-1858-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=220
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 44-1 (January 2014) . - p.137-153[article] Brain Routes for Reading in Adults with and without Autism: EMEG Evidence [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Rachel L. MOSELEY, Auteur ; Friedemann PULVERMULLER, Auteur ; Bettina MOHR, Auteur ; Michael V. LOMBARDO, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur ; Yury SHTYROV, Auteur . - p.137-153.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 44-1 (January 2014) . - p.137-153
Mots-clés : Reading Dual-route model Hyperlexia Semantics EEG MEG Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Reading utilises at least two neural pathways. The temporal lexical route visually maps whole words to their lexical entries, whilst the nonlexical route decodes words phonologically via parietal cortex. Readers typically employ the lexical route for familiar words, but poor comprehension plus precocity at mechanically ‘sounding out’ words suggests that differences might exist in autism. Combined MEG/EEG recordings of adults with autistic spectrum conditions (ASC) and controls while reading revealed preferential recruitment of temporal areas in controls and additional parietal recruitment in ASC. Furthermore, a lack of differences between semantic word categories was consistent with previous suggestion that people with ASC may lack a ‘default’ lexical-semantic processing mode. These results are discussed with reference to dual-route models of reading. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-013-1858-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=220 Moral Dilemmas Film Task: a study of spontaneous narratives by individuals with autism spectrum conditions / Jennifer L. BARNES in Autism Research, 2-3 (June 2009)
[article]
Titre : Moral Dilemmas Film Task: a study of spontaneous narratives by individuals with autism spectrum conditions Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jennifer L. BARNES, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur ; Sally WHEELWRIGHT, Auteur ; Michael V. LOMBARDO, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : p.148-156 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism empathy story-telling narrative verbal-ability moral-cognition film Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : People with autism spectrum conditions (ASC) have difficulties with mentalizing, empathy, and narrative comprehension. A new test of social and narrative cognition, the Moral Dilemmas Film Task, was developed to probe individuals' spontaneous understanding of naturalistic film scenes. Twenty-eight individuals with ASC and 28 neurotypical controls, matched for age, sex, and IQ, watched four short emotionally charged film clips each depicting a moral dilemma, and were asked to write about what they had seen. Individuals with ASC produced significantly shorter film-based narratives and showed a smaller bias for mental states over objects in their narratives than controls. A significant correlation was found between verbal IQ and the level of mentalizing in film narratives for the ASC group, but not the control group, while the reverse pattern was found with a measure of self-reported cognitive and affective empathy. These results suggest that to the extent that both groups succeed in viewing moral dilemmas in terms of mental content, they do so in different ways, with individuals with ASC using verbal scaffolding to increase their ability to draw meaning from social scenes. The well-established empathy deficit in ASC extends to spontaneous interpretation of moral dilemmas. This new film task has the potential to assay different aspects of how the social world is represented differently in ASC, including during moral comprehension. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.79 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=937
in Autism Research > 2-3 (June 2009) . - p.148-156[article] Moral Dilemmas Film Task: a study of spontaneous narratives by individuals with autism spectrum conditions [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jennifer L. BARNES, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur ; Sally WHEELWRIGHT, Auteur ; Michael V. LOMBARDO, Auteur . - 2009 . - p.148-156.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 2-3 (June 2009) . - p.148-156
Mots-clés : autism empathy story-telling narrative verbal-ability moral-cognition film Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : People with autism spectrum conditions (ASC) have difficulties with mentalizing, empathy, and narrative comprehension. A new test of social and narrative cognition, the Moral Dilemmas Film Task, was developed to probe individuals' spontaneous understanding of naturalistic film scenes. Twenty-eight individuals with ASC and 28 neurotypical controls, matched for age, sex, and IQ, watched four short emotionally charged film clips each depicting a moral dilemma, and were asked to write about what they had seen. Individuals with ASC produced significantly shorter film-based narratives and showed a smaller bias for mental states over objects in their narratives than controls. A significant correlation was found between verbal IQ and the level of mentalizing in film narratives for the ASC group, but not the control group, while the reverse pattern was found with a measure of self-reported cognitive and affective empathy. These results suggest that to the extent that both groups succeed in viewing moral dilemmas in terms of mental content, they do so in different ways, with individuals with ASC using verbal scaffolding to increase their ability to draw meaning from social scenes. The well-established empathy deficit in ASC extends to spontaneous interpretation of moral dilemmas. This new film task has the potential to assay different aspects of how the social world is represented differently in ASC, including during moral comprehension. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.79 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=937 Quantifying and exploring camouflaging in men and women with autism / Meng-Chuan LAI in Autism, 21-6 (August 2017)
[article]
Titre : Quantifying and exploring camouflaging in men and women with autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Meng-Chuan LAI, Auteur ; Michael V. LOMBARDO, Auteur ; Amber N. V. RUIGROK, Auteur ; Bhismadev CHAKRABARTI, Auteur ; Bonnie AUYEUNG, Auteur ; Peter SZATMARI, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.690-702 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autobiographical descriptions and clinician observations suggest that some individuals with autism, particularly females, ?camouflage? their social communication difficulties, which may require considerable cognitive effort and lead to increased stress, anxiety and depression. Using data from 60 age- and IQ-matched men and women with autism (without intellectual disability), we operationalized camouflaging in adults with autism for the first time as the quantitative discrepancy between the person?s ?external? behavioural presentation in social?interpersonal contexts (measured by the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule) and the person?s ?internal? status (dispositional traits measured by the Autism Spectrum Quotient and social cognitive capability measured by the ?Reading the Mind in the Eyes? Test). We found that the operationalized camouflaging measure was not significantly correlated with age or IQ. On average, women with autism had higher camouflaging scores than men with autism (Cohen?s d=0.98), with substantial variability in both groups. Greater camouflaging was associated with more depressive symptoms in men and better signal-detection sensitivity in women with autism. The neuroanatomical association with camouflaging score was largely sex/gender-dependent and significant only in women: from reverse inference, the most correlated cognitive terms were about emotion and memory. The underlying constructs, measurement, mechanisms, consequences and heterogeneity of camouflaging in autism warrant further investigation. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361316671012 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=311
in Autism > 21-6 (August 2017) . - p.690-702[article] Quantifying and exploring camouflaging in men and women with autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Meng-Chuan LAI, Auteur ; Michael V. LOMBARDO, Auteur ; Amber N. V. RUIGROK, Auteur ; Bhismadev CHAKRABARTI, Auteur ; Bonnie AUYEUNG, Auteur ; Peter SZATMARI, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur . - p.690-702.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism > 21-6 (August 2017) . - p.690-702
Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autobiographical descriptions and clinician observations suggest that some individuals with autism, particularly females, ?camouflage? their social communication difficulties, which may require considerable cognitive effort and lead to increased stress, anxiety and depression. Using data from 60 age- and IQ-matched men and women with autism (without intellectual disability), we operationalized camouflaging in adults with autism for the first time as the quantitative discrepancy between the person?s ?external? behavioural presentation in social?interpersonal contexts (measured by the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule) and the person?s ?internal? status (dispositional traits measured by the Autism Spectrum Quotient and social cognitive capability measured by the ?Reading the Mind in the Eyes? Test). We found that the operationalized camouflaging measure was not significantly correlated with age or IQ. On average, women with autism had higher camouflaging scores than men with autism (Cohen?s d=0.98), with substantial variability in both groups. Greater camouflaging was associated with more depressive symptoms in men and better signal-detection sensitivity in women with autism. The neuroanatomical association with camouflaging score was largely sex/gender-dependent and significant only in women: from reverse inference, the most correlated cognitive terms were about emotion and memory. The underlying constructs, measurement, mechanisms, consequences and heterogeneity of camouflaging in autism warrant further investigation. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361316671012 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=311 Response to Smith’s Letter to the Editor ‘Emotional Empathy in Autism Spectrum Conditions: Weak, Intact, or Heightened?’ / Ilaria MINIO-PALUELLO in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 39-12 (December 2009)
PermalinkSelf-referential and social cognition in a case of autism and agenesis of the corpus callosum / Michael V. LOMBARDO in Molecular Autism, (November 2012)
PermalinkThe Extreme Male Brain Theory of Autism: The Role of Fetal Androgens / Simon BARON-COHEN
PermalinkThe Neuropsychology of Male Adults With High-Functioning Autism or Asperger Syndrome / C. Ellie WILSON in Autism Research, 7-5 (October 2014)
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