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Auteur Shruti GARG |
Documents disponibles écrits par cet auteur (5)
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Autism Spectrum Disorder Profile in Neurofibromatosis Type I / Shruti GARG in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 45-6 (June 2015)
[article]
Titre : Autism Spectrum Disorder Profile in Neurofibromatosis Type I Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Shruti GARG, Auteur ; Ellen PLASSCHAERT, Auteur ; Mie-Jef DESCHEEMAEKER, Auteur ; Susan HUSON, Auteur ; Martine BORGHGRAEF, Auteur ; Annick VOGELS, Auteur ; D. Gareth EVANS, Auteur ; Eric LEGIUS, Auteur ; Jonathan GREEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1649-1657 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : NF1 ASD Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Autism spectrum disorder SRS ADOS Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1) is a common autosomal dominant single-gene disorder, in which the co-occurrence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has attracted considerable research interest recently with prevalence estimates of 21–40 %. However, detailed characterization of the ASD behavioral phenotype in NF1 is still lacking. This study characterized the phenotypic profile of ASD symptomatology presenting in 4–16 year old children with NF1 (n = 36) using evidence from parent-rated Social Responsiveness Scale and researcher autism diagnostic observation Scale-2. Compared to IQ-matched reference groups of children with autism and ASD, the NF1 profile shows overall similarity but improved eye contact, less repetitive behaviors and better language skills. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-014-2321-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=259
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 45-6 (June 2015) . - p.1649-1657[article] Autism Spectrum Disorder Profile in Neurofibromatosis Type I [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Shruti GARG, Auteur ; Ellen PLASSCHAERT, Auteur ; Mie-Jef DESCHEEMAEKER, Auteur ; Susan HUSON, Auteur ; Martine BORGHGRAEF, Auteur ; Annick VOGELS, Auteur ; D. Gareth EVANS, Auteur ; Eric LEGIUS, Auteur ; Jonathan GREEN, Auteur . - p.1649-1657.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 45-6 (June 2015) . - p.1649-1657
Mots-clés : NF1 ASD Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Autism spectrum disorder SRS ADOS Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1) is a common autosomal dominant single-gene disorder, in which the co-occurrence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has attracted considerable research interest recently with prevalence estimates of 21–40 %. However, detailed characterization of the ASD behavioral phenotype in NF1 is still lacking. This study characterized the phenotypic profile of ASD symptomatology presenting in 4–16 year old children with NF1 (n = 36) using evidence from parent-rated Social Responsiveness Scale and researcher autism diagnostic observation Scale-2. Compared to IQ-matched reference groups of children with autism and ASD, the NF1 profile shows overall similarity but improved eye contact, less repetitive behaviors and better language skills. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-014-2321-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=259 Cognitive and Electrophysiological Correlates of Working Memory Impairments in Neurofibromatosis Type 1 / Gorana POBRIC in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 52-4 (April 2022)
[article]
Titre : Cognitive and Electrophysiological Correlates of Working Memory Impairments in Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Gorana POBRIC, Auteur ; Jason R. TAYLOR, Auteur ; Hemavathy M. RAMALINGAM, Auteur ; Emily PYE, Auteur ; Louise ROBINSON, Auteur ; Grace VASSALLO, Auteur ; JeYoung JUNG, Auteur ; Misty BHANDARY, Auteur ; Karolina SZUMANSKA-RYT, Auteur ; Louise THEODOSIOU, Auteur ; D. Gareth EVANS, Auteur ; Judith EELLOO, Auteur ; Emma BURKITT-WRIGHT, Auteur ; Johan HULLEMAN, Auteur ; Jonathan GREEN, Auteur ; Shruti GARG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1478-1494 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent Autism Spectrum Disorder Cognition Evoked Potentials/physiology Humans Memory, Short-Term/physiology Neurofibromatosis 1/complications Eeg N-back task Neurofibromatosis 1 P300 Working memory Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1) is a single gene disorder associated with working Memory (WM) impairments. The aim of this study was to investigate P300 event-related potential (ERP) associated with WM in NF1. Sixteen adolescents with NF1 were compared with controls on measures of WM and EEG was recorded during a WM nback task. The NF1 group showed poorer performance on measures of WM as compared to the control group. No group differences were observed in P300 amplitude at Pz, but P300 latency was shorter in the NF1 group. Topographic analyses of P300 amplitude showed group differences indicating neural processing differences in the NF1 group relative to controls, which possibly contribute to the cognitive deficits seen in this population. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-05043-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=475
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 52-4 (April 2022) . - p.1478-1494[article] Cognitive and Electrophysiological Correlates of Working Memory Impairments in Neurofibromatosis Type 1 [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Gorana POBRIC, Auteur ; Jason R. TAYLOR, Auteur ; Hemavathy M. RAMALINGAM, Auteur ; Emily PYE, Auteur ; Louise ROBINSON, Auteur ; Grace VASSALLO, Auteur ; JeYoung JUNG, Auteur ; Misty BHANDARY, Auteur ; Karolina SZUMANSKA-RYT, Auteur ; Louise THEODOSIOU, Auteur ; D. Gareth EVANS, Auteur ; Judith EELLOO, Auteur ; Emma BURKITT-WRIGHT, Auteur ; Johan HULLEMAN, Auteur ; Jonathan GREEN, Auteur ; Shruti GARG, Auteur . - p.1478-1494.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 52-4 (April 2022) . - p.1478-1494
Mots-clés : Adolescent Autism Spectrum Disorder Cognition Evoked Potentials/physiology Humans Memory, Short-Term/physiology Neurofibromatosis 1/complications Eeg N-back task Neurofibromatosis 1 P300 Working memory Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1) is a single gene disorder associated with working Memory (WM) impairments. The aim of this study was to investigate P300 event-related potential (ERP) associated with WM in NF1. Sixteen adolescents with NF1 were compared with controls on measures of WM and EEG was recorded during a WM nback task. The NF1 group showed poorer performance on measures of WM as compared to the control group. No group differences were observed in P300 amplitude at Pz, but P300 latency was shorter in the NF1 group. Topographic analyses of P300 amplitude showed group differences indicating neural processing differences in the NF1 group relative to controls, which possibly contribute to the cognitive deficits seen in this population. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-05043-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=475 Infant excitation/inhibition balance interacts with executive attention to predict autistic traits in childhood / Virginia CARTER LENO in Molecular Autism, 13 (2022)
[article]
Titre : Infant excitation/inhibition balance interacts with executive attention to predict autistic traits in childhood Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Virginia CARTER LENO, Auteur ; Jannath BEGUM-ALI, Auteur ; Amy GOODWIN, Auteur ; Luke MASON, Auteur ; Greg PASCO, Auteur ; Andrew PICKLES, Auteur ; Shruti GARG, Auteur ; Jonathan GREEN, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; Mark H. JOHNSON, Auteur ; Emily J. H. JONES, Auteur ; EDEN, Auteur ; STAARS TEAMS, Auteur Article en page(s) : 46 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Humans Child, Preschool Infant Aged Adhd Autism E/I balance Executive functioning Infants NF1 has received royalties from Sage Publications and Guilford Publications. The other authors declare no competing interests. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Autism is proposed to be characterised by an atypical balance of cortical excitation and inhibition (E/I). However, most studies have examined E/I alterations in older autistic individuals, meaning that findings could in part reflect homeostatic compensation. To assess the directionality of effects, it is necessary to examine alterations in E/I balance early in the lifespan before symptom emergence. Recent explanatory frameworks have argued that it is also necessary to consider how early risk features interact with later developing modifier factors to predict autism outcomes. METHOD: We indexed E/I balance in early infancy by extracting the aperiodic exponent of the slope of the electroencephalogram (EEG) power spectrum ('1/f'). To validate our index of E/I balance, we tested for differences in the aperiodic exponent in 10-month-old infants with (n=22) and without (n=27) neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), a condition thought to be characterised by alterations to cortical inhibition. We then tested for E/I alterations in a larger heterogeneous longitudinal cohort of infants with and without a family history of neurodevelopmental conditions (n=150) who had been followed to early childhood. We tested the relevance of alterations in E/I balance and our proposed modifier, executive attention, by assessing whether associations between 10-month aperiodic slope and 36-month neurodevelopmental traits were moderated by 24-month executive attention. Analyses adjusted for age at EEG assessment, sex and number of EEG trials. RESULTS: Infants with NF1 were characterised by a higher aperiodic exponent, indicative of greater inhibition, supporting our infant measure of E/I. Longitudinal analyses showed a significant interaction between aperiodic slope and executive attention, such that higher aperiodic exponents predicted greater autistic traits in childhood, but only in infants who also had weaker executive functioning abilities. LIMITATIONS: The current study relied on parent report of infant executive functioning-type abilities; future work is required to replicate effects with objective measures of cognition. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest alterations in E/I balance are on the developmental pathway to autism outcomes, and that higher executive functioning abilities may buffer the impact of early cortical atypicalities, consistent with proposals that stronger executive functioning abilities may modify the impact of a wide range of risk factors. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-022-00526-1 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=491
in Molecular Autism > 13 (2022) . - 46 p.[article] Infant excitation/inhibition balance interacts with executive attention to predict autistic traits in childhood [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Virginia CARTER LENO, Auteur ; Jannath BEGUM-ALI, Auteur ; Amy GOODWIN, Auteur ; Luke MASON, Auteur ; Greg PASCO, Auteur ; Andrew PICKLES, Auteur ; Shruti GARG, Auteur ; Jonathan GREEN, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; Mark H. JOHNSON, Auteur ; Emily J. H. JONES, Auteur ; EDEN, Auteur ; STAARS TEAMS, Auteur . - 46 p.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Molecular Autism > 13 (2022) . - 46 p.
Mots-clés : Humans Child, Preschool Infant Aged Adhd Autism E/I balance Executive functioning Infants NF1 has received royalties from Sage Publications and Guilford Publications. The other authors declare no competing interests. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Autism is proposed to be characterised by an atypical balance of cortical excitation and inhibition (E/I). However, most studies have examined E/I alterations in older autistic individuals, meaning that findings could in part reflect homeostatic compensation. To assess the directionality of effects, it is necessary to examine alterations in E/I balance early in the lifespan before symptom emergence. Recent explanatory frameworks have argued that it is also necessary to consider how early risk features interact with later developing modifier factors to predict autism outcomes. METHOD: We indexed E/I balance in early infancy by extracting the aperiodic exponent of the slope of the electroencephalogram (EEG) power spectrum ('1/f'). To validate our index of E/I balance, we tested for differences in the aperiodic exponent in 10-month-old infants with (n=22) and without (n=27) neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), a condition thought to be characterised by alterations to cortical inhibition. We then tested for E/I alterations in a larger heterogeneous longitudinal cohort of infants with and without a family history of neurodevelopmental conditions (n=150) who had been followed to early childhood. We tested the relevance of alterations in E/I balance and our proposed modifier, executive attention, by assessing whether associations between 10-month aperiodic slope and 36-month neurodevelopmental traits were moderated by 24-month executive attention. Analyses adjusted for age at EEG assessment, sex and number of EEG trials. RESULTS: Infants with NF1 were characterised by a higher aperiodic exponent, indicative of greater inhibition, supporting our infant measure of E/I. Longitudinal analyses showed a significant interaction between aperiodic slope and executive attention, such that higher aperiodic exponents predicted greater autistic traits in childhood, but only in infants who also had weaker executive functioning abilities. LIMITATIONS: The current study relied on parent report of infant executive functioning-type abilities; future work is required to replicate effects with objective measures of cognition. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest alterations in E/I balance are on the developmental pathway to autism outcomes, and that higher executive functioning abilities may buffer the impact of early cortical atypicalities, consistent with proposals that stronger executive functioning abilities may modify the impact of a wide range of risk factors. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-022-00526-1 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=491 A Neuroimaging Preparation Protocol Tailored for Autism / Maria TZIRAKI in Autism Research, 14-1 (January 2021)
[article]
Titre : A Neuroimaging Preparation Protocol Tailored for Autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Maria TZIRAKI, Auteur ; Shruti GARG, Auteur ; Emma HARRISON, Auteur ; Neville B. WRIGHT, Auteur ; Rob HAWKES, Auteur ; Kapasi AKHTAR, Auteur ; Jonathan GREEN, Auteur ; Stavros STIVAROS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.65-74 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Mri Nf1 autism fMRI scanning protocol spectroscopy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This paper describes the key basic elements required for a successful multi-parametric MRI data acquisition in awake children with autism. The procedure was designed by taking into account methodological challenges arising from the acquisition of Resting State fMRI (RS fMRI) data, and factors such as cost, time, and staff availability. The ultimate aim was to prepare an imaging preparation protocol with high transferability to the whole autism spectrum, adaptable for use in a multi-site research with multiple time points. As part of a randomized pharmaco-intervention study, 31 children aged 4-10?years with Neurofibromatosis 1 and autism underwent MR imaging at baseline and end of intervention. The protocol consisted of tailored habituation instructions including gradual exposure to scanner noise, a social stories booklet, positive incentive strategies, and Play Therapy support. Success rate for initial acquisition was 71% for GABA+ MR spectroscopy at either location, 87% for perfusion, and 67% for diffusion assessment, and 71% for RS fMRI. Qualitative data indicated that 84% parents found the habituation protocol helpful. LAY SUMMARY: Here we describe a protocol for brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) tailored for children with ASD to help reduce stress and avoid sedation during scanning. This procedure can make advanced medical imaging more accessible and promote a better MRI experience for families of children with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2427 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=441
in Autism Research > 14-1 (January 2021) . - p.65-74[article] A Neuroimaging Preparation Protocol Tailored for Autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Maria TZIRAKI, Auteur ; Shruti GARG, Auteur ; Emma HARRISON, Auteur ; Neville B. WRIGHT, Auteur ; Rob HAWKES, Auteur ; Kapasi AKHTAR, Auteur ; Jonathan GREEN, Auteur ; Stavros STIVAROS, Auteur . - p.65-74.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 14-1 (January 2021) . - p.65-74
Mots-clés : Mri Nf1 autism fMRI scanning protocol spectroscopy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This paper describes the key basic elements required for a successful multi-parametric MRI data acquisition in awake children with autism. The procedure was designed by taking into account methodological challenges arising from the acquisition of Resting State fMRI (RS fMRI) data, and factors such as cost, time, and staff availability. The ultimate aim was to prepare an imaging preparation protocol with high transferability to the whole autism spectrum, adaptable for use in a multi-site research with multiple time points. As part of a randomized pharmaco-intervention study, 31 children aged 4-10?years with Neurofibromatosis 1 and autism underwent MR imaging at baseline and end of intervention. The protocol consisted of tailored habituation instructions including gradual exposure to scanner noise, a social stories booklet, positive incentive strategies, and Play Therapy support. Success rate for initial acquisition was 71% for GABA+ MR spectroscopy at either location, 87% for perfusion, and 67% for diffusion assessment, and 71% for RS fMRI. Qualitative data indicated that 84% parents found the habituation protocol helpful. LAY SUMMARY: Here we describe a protocol for brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) tailored for children with ASD to help reduce stress and avoid sedation during scanning. This procedure can make advanced medical imaging more accessible and promote a better MRI experience for families of children with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2427 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=441 Risk factors for nonfatal self-harm and suicide among adolescents: two nested case-control studies conducted in the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink / Lukasz CYBULSKI in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 63-9 (September 2022)
[article]
Titre : Risk factors for nonfatal self-harm and suicide among adolescents: two nested case-control studies conducted in the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Lukasz CYBULSKI, Auteur ; Darren M. ASHCROFT, Auteur ; Matthew J. CARR, Auteur ; Shruti GARG, Auteur ; Carolyn A. CHEW-GRAHAM, Auteur ; Nav KAPUR, Auteur ; Roger T. WEBB, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1078-1088 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent Autism Spectrum Disorder Case-Control Studies Female Humans Male Risk Factors Self-Injurious Behavior/epidemiology/psychology Suicide/prevention & control United Kingdom/epidemiology Adolescence case-control self-harm suicide Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: The characteristics of adolescents who die by suicide have hitherto been examined in uncontrolled study designs, thereby precluding examination of risk factors. The degree to which antecedents of nonfatal self-harm and suicide at young age differ remains unknown. METHOD: We delineated two nested case-control studies of patients aged 10-19years using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink with interlinked hospital and national mortality records. Cases were adolescents who between 1st January 2003 and 31st December 2018 had died from suicide (N=324) - study 1; experienced their first self-harm episode (N=56,008) - study 2. In both studies, cases were matched on sex, age and practice-level deprivation quintile to 25 controls. By fitting conditional logistic regression, we examined how risks varied according to psychiatric diagnoses, prescribed psychotropic medication, patterns of clinical contact and area-level deprivation. RESULTS: Suicides occurred more often among boys (66%), but self-harm was more common in girls (68%). Most individuals who self-harmed or died from suicide presented to their GP at least once in the preceding year (85% and 75% respectively). Only a third of cases had one of the examined diagnostic categories recorded. Depression was most strongly associated with elevated risks for both outcomes (self-harm: OR 7.9; 95% CI 7.8-8.2; suicide: OR 7.4; 95% CI 5.5-9.9). Except for autism spectrum disorder, all other diagnostic categories were linked with similar risk elevations for self-harm as for suicide. Whilst self-harm risk rose incrementally with increasing levels of area-level deprivation, suicide risks did not. CONCLUSIONS: We observed few marked differences in risk factor profiles for nonfatal self-harm versus suicide. As most adolescents who had harmed themselves or died by suicide were known to services in the preceding year, their underlying pathology may not be adequately identified and treated. Our findings highlight the need for a multiagency approach to treatment and prevention. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13552 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=486
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-9 (September 2022) . - p.1078-1088[article] Risk factors for nonfatal self-harm and suicide among adolescents: two nested case-control studies conducted in the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Lukasz CYBULSKI, Auteur ; Darren M. ASHCROFT, Auteur ; Matthew J. CARR, Auteur ; Shruti GARG, Auteur ; Carolyn A. CHEW-GRAHAM, Auteur ; Nav KAPUR, Auteur ; Roger T. WEBB, Auteur . - p.1078-1088.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-9 (September 2022) . - p.1078-1088
Mots-clés : Adolescent Autism Spectrum Disorder Case-Control Studies Female Humans Male Risk Factors Self-Injurious Behavior/epidemiology/psychology Suicide/prevention & control United Kingdom/epidemiology Adolescence case-control self-harm suicide Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: The characteristics of adolescents who die by suicide have hitherto been examined in uncontrolled study designs, thereby precluding examination of risk factors. The degree to which antecedents of nonfatal self-harm and suicide at young age differ remains unknown. METHOD: We delineated two nested case-control studies of patients aged 10-19years using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink with interlinked hospital and national mortality records. Cases were adolescents who between 1st January 2003 and 31st December 2018 had died from suicide (N=324) - study 1; experienced their first self-harm episode (N=56,008) - study 2. In both studies, cases were matched on sex, age and practice-level deprivation quintile to 25 controls. By fitting conditional logistic regression, we examined how risks varied according to psychiatric diagnoses, prescribed psychotropic medication, patterns of clinical contact and area-level deprivation. RESULTS: Suicides occurred more often among boys (66%), but self-harm was more common in girls (68%). Most individuals who self-harmed or died from suicide presented to their GP at least once in the preceding year (85% and 75% respectively). Only a third of cases had one of the examined diagnostic categories recorded. Depression was most strongly associated with elevated risks for both outcomes (self-harm: OR 7.9; 95% CI 7.8-8.2; suicide: OR 7.4; 95% CI 5.5-9.9). Except for autism spectrum disorder, all other diagnostic categories were linked with similar risk elevations for self-harm as for suicide. Whilst self-harm risk rose incrementally with increasing levels of area-level deprivation, suicide risks did not. CONCLUSIONS: We observed few marked differences in risk factor profiles for nonfatal self-harm versus suicide. As most adolescents who had harmed themselves or died by suicide were known to services in the preceding year, their underlying pathology may not be adequately identified and treated. Our findings highlight the need for a multiagency approach to treatment and prevention. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13552 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=486