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Détail de l'auteur
Auteur Tobias HECKER |
Documents disponibles écrits par cet auteur (4)
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Associations among child abuse, mental health, and epigenetic modifications in the proopiomelanocortin gene (POMC): A study with children in Tanzania / Tobias HECKER in Development and Psychopathology, 28-4 pt2 (November 2016)
[article]
Titre : Associations among child abuse, mental health, and epigenetic modifications in the proopiomelanocortin gene (POMC): A study with children in Tanzania Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Tobias HECKER, Auteur ; Karl M. RADTKE, Auteur ; Katharin HERMENAU, Auteur ; Andreas PAPASSOTIROPOULOS, Auteur ; Thomas ELBERT, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1401-1412 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Child abuse is associated with a number of emotional and behavioral problems. Nevertheless, it has been argued that these adverse consequences may not hold for societies in which many of the specific acts of abuse are culturally normed. Epigenetic modifications in the genes of the hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal axis may provide a potential mechanism translating abuse into altered gene expression, which subsequently results in behavioral changes. Our investigation took place in Tanzania, a society in which many forms of abuse are commonly employed as disciplinary methods. We included 35 children with high exposure and compared them to 25 children with low exposure. Extreme group comparisons revealed that children with high exposure reported more mental health problems. Child abuse was associated with differential methylation in the proopiomelanocortin gene (POMC), measured both in saliva and in blood. Hierarchical clustering based on the methylation of the POMC gene found two distinct clusters. These corresponded with children's self-reported abuse, with two-thirds of the children allocated into their respective group. Our results emphasize the consequences of child abuse based on both molecular and behavioral grounds, providing further evidence that acts of abuse affect children, even when culturally acceptable. Furthermore, on a molecular level, our findings strengthen the credibility of children's self-reports. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579415001248 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=294
in Development and Psychopathology > 28-4 pt2 (November 2016) . - p.1401-1412[article] Associations among child abuse, mental health, and epigenetic modifications in the proopiomelanocortin gene (POMC): A study with children in Tanzania [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Tobias HECKER, Auteur ; Karl M. RADTKE, Auteur ; Katharin HERMENAU, Auteur ; Andreas PAPASSOTIROPOULOS, Auteur ; Thomas ELBERT, Auteur . - p.1401-1412.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Development and Psychopathology > 28-4 pt2 (November 2016) . - p.1401-1412
Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Child abuse is associated with a number of emotional and behavioral problems. Nevertheless, it has been argued that these adverse consequences may not hold for societies in which many of the specific acts of abuse are culturally normed. Epigenetic modifications in the genes of the hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal axis may provide a potential mechanism translating abuse into altered gene expression, which subsequently results in behavioral changes. Our investigation took place in Tanzania, a society in which many forms of abuse are commonly employed as disciplinary methods. We included 35 children with high exposure and compared them to 25 children with low exposure. Extreme group comparisons revealed that children with high exposure reported more mental health problems. Child abuse was associated with differential methylation in the proopiomelanocortin gene (POMC), measured both in saliva and in blood. Hierarchical clustering based on the methylation of the POMC gene found two distinct clusters. These corresponded with children's self-reported abuse, with two-thirds of the children allocated into their respective group. Our results emphasize the consequences of child abuse based on both molecular and behavioral grounds, providing further evidence that acts of abuse affect children, even when culturally acceptable. Furthermore, on a molecular level, our findings strengthen the credibility of children's self-reports. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579415001248 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=294 Child neglect and its relation to emotional and behavioral problems: A cross-sectional study of primary school-aged children in Tanzania / Tobias HECKER in Development and Psychopathology, 31-1 (February 2019)
[article]
Titre : Child neglect and its relation to emotional and behavioral problems: A cross-sectional study of primary school-aged children in Tanzania Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Tobias HECKER, Auteur ; Victoria S. BOETTCHER, Auteur ; Markus A. LANDOLT, Auteur ; Katharin HERMENAU, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.325-339 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Child maltreatment is known to engender negative emotional and behavioral consequences. Although neglect is the most frequent form of maltreatment, it has thus far only received little attention, especially when looking at low-resource countries. The current study investigated possible associations between neglect and internalizing and externalizing problems. As neglect and abuse often co-occur, the latter was controlled for. In total, 409 Tanzanian primary school students (52% boys, M = 10.5 years, range = 6–15) participated in the cross-sectional study. Structured clinical interviews were conducted assessing maltreatment, internalizing problems, and externalizing problems. Overall, 31% (n = 128) of the children reported at least one type of physical neglect and 31% (n = 127) of emotional neglect. Using structural equation modeling, we found a significant association between neglect and internalizing (? = 0.59, p < .01) and externalizing problems (? = 0.35, p < .05). However, these associations could only be detected in younger children (ages 6–9), whereas in older children (ages 10–15), mental health problems were significantly related to violence and abuse. Our findings suggest that the current age may influence the association between maltreatment type and the development of internalizing and/or externalizing problems. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579417001882 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=383
in Development and Psychopathology > 31-1 (February 2019) . - p.325-339[article] Child neglect and its relation to emotional and behavioral problems: A cross-sectional study of primary school-aged children in Tanzania [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Tobias HECKER, Auteur ; Victoria S. BOETTCHER, Auteur ; Markus A. LANDOLT, Auteur ; Katharin HERMENAU, Auteur . - p.325-339.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Development and Psychopathology > 31-1 (February 2019) . - p.325-339
Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Child maltreatment is known to engender negative emotional and behavioral consequences. Although neglect is the most frequent form of maltreatment, it has thus far only received little attention, especially when looking at low-resource countries. The current study investigated possible associations between neglect and internalizing and externalizing problems. As neglect and abuse often co-occur, the latter was controlled for. In total, 409 Tanzanian primary school students (52% boys, M = 10.5 years, range = 6–15) participated in the cross-sectional study. Structured clinical interviews were conducted assessing maltreatment, internalizing problems, and externalizing problems. Overall, 31% (n = 128) of the children reported at least one type of physical neglect and 31% (n = 127) of emotional neglect. Using structural equation modeling, we found a significant association between neglect and internalizing (? = 0.59, p < .01) and externalizing problems (? = 0.35, p < .05). However, these associations could only be detected in younger children (ages 6–9), whereas in older children (ages 10–15), mental health problems were significantly related to violence and abuse. Our findings suggest that the current age may influence the association between maltreatment type and the development of internalizing and/or externalizing problems. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579417001882 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=383 Fuel to the fire: The escalating interplay of attachment and maltreatment in the transgenerational transmission of psychopathology in families living in refugee camps / Florian SCHARPF in Development and Psychopathology, 33-4 (October 2021)
[article]
Titre : Fuel to the fire: The escalating interplay of attachment and maltreatment in the transgenerational transmission of psychopathology in families living in refugee camps Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Florian SCHARPF, Auteur ; Getrude MKINGA, Auteur ; Frank NEUNER, Auteur ; Maregesi MACHUMU, Auteur ; Tobias HECKER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1308-1321 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : attachment child psychopathology maltreatment parental psychopathology refugee families Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Maltreatment by parents can be conceptualized as pathogenic escalations of a disturbed parent–child relationship that have devastating consequences for children's development and mental health. Although parental psychopathology has been shown to be a risk factor both for maltreatment and insecure attachment representations, these factors` joint contribution to child psychopathology has not been investigated. In a sample of Burundian refugee families living in refugee camps in Western Tanzania, the associations between attachment representations, maltreatment, and psychopathology were examined by conducting structured interviews with 226 children aged 7 to 15 and both their parents. Structural equation modeling revealed that children's insecure attachment representations and maltreatment by mothers fully mediated the relation between maternal and child psychopathology [model fit: comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.96; root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.05]. A direct association between paternal and child psychopathology was observed (model fit: CFI = 0.96; RMSEA = 0.05). The findings suggest a vicious cycle, wherein an insecure attachment to a mother suffering from psychopathology may be linked to children's risk to be maltreated, which may reinforce insecure representations and perpetuate the pathogenic relational experience. Interventions targeting the attachment relationship and parental mental health may prevent negative child outcomes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579420000516 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=457
in Development and Psychopathology > 33-4 (October 2021) . - p.1308-1321[article] Fuel to the fire: The escalating interplay of attachment and maltreatment in the transgenerational transmission of psychopathology in families living in refugee camps [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Florian SCHARPF, Auteur ; Getrude MKINGA, Auteur ; Frank NEUNER, Auteur ; Maregesi MACHUMU, Auteur ; Tobias HECKER, Auteur . - p.1308-1321.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Development and Psychopathology > 33-4 (October 2021) . - p.1308-1321
Mots-clés : attachment child psychopathology maltreatment parental psychopathology refugee families Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Maltreatment by parents can be conceptualized as pathogenic escalations of a disturbed parent–child relationship that have devastating consequences for children's development and mental health. Although parental psychopathology has been shown to be a risk factor both for maltreatment and insecure attachment representations, these factors` joint contribution to child psychopathology has not been investigated. In a sample of Burundian refugee families living in refugee camps in Western Tanzania, the associations between attachment representations, maltreatment, and psychopathology were examined by conducting structured interviews with 226 children aged 7 to 15 and both their parents. Structural equation modeling revealed that children's insecure attachment representations and maltreatment by mothers fully mediated the relation between maternal and child psychopathology [model fit: comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.96; root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.05]. A direct association between paternal and child psychopathology was observed (model fit: CFI = 0.96; RMSEA = 0.05). The findings suggest a vicious cycle, wherein an insecure attachment to a mother suffering from psychopathology may be linked to children's risk to be maltreated, which may reinforce insecure representations and perpetuate the pathogenic relational experience. Interventions targeting the attachment relationship and parental mental health may prevent negative child outcomes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579420000516 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=457 Mental health problems moderate the association between teacher violence and children's social status in East Africa: A multi-informant study combining self- and peer-reports / Tobias HECKER in Development and Psychopathology, 34-4 (October 2022)
[article]
Titre : Mental health problems moderate the association between teacher violence and children's social status in East Africa: A multi-informant study combining self- and peer-reports Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Tobias HECKER, Auteur ; Lars DUMKE, Auteur ; Frank NEUNER, Auteur ; Faustine B. MASATH, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1329-1338 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Child Female Humans Male Mental Health Peer Group Schools Social Status Tanzania Violence/psychology externalizing problems internalizing problems peer reports school violence social status Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : School victimization has been negatively associated with children's social status. However, previous studies have primarily focused on peer victimization, leaving a significant knowledge gap regarding violence by teachers. We hypothesized that, when almost all children experience violence by teachers, not only the experience of violence, but also other factors, for example, mental health problems, may influence children's social preference and centrality. We therefore examined potential moderation effects of children's internalizing and externalizing problems. We implemented a multistage cluster randomized sampling approach to randomly chose fifth- and sixth-grade students from primary schools throughout Tanzania. Using a multi-informant approach, data were collected from 643 children (51.0% girls, M(age) = 12.79 years). Results showed inconsistent direct associations between teacher violence and social status, whereas mental health problems were consistently associated with lower social status. Significant interaction effects were found for internalizing problems; that is, teacher violence was associated with lower social status for increasing internalizing problems. However, no interaction effects were found for externalizing problems. The findings underline the burden of exposure to violence by teachers and the importance of mental health for children's social functioning. Knowledge about interrelations can be applied in interventions to effectively reduce violence by teachers toward students. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095457942000228x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=488
in Development and Psychopathology > 34-4 (October 2022) . - p.1329-1338[article] Mental health problems moderate the association between teacher violence and children's social status in East Africa: A multi-informant study combining self- and peer-reports [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Tobias HECKER, Auteur ; Lars DUMKE, Auteur ; Frank NEUNER, Auteur ; Faustine B. MASATH, Auteur . - p.1329-1338.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Development and Psychopathology > 34-4 (October 2022) . - p.1329-1338
Mots-clés : Child Female Humans Male Mental Health Peer Group Schools Social Status Tanzania Violence/psychology externalizing problems internalizing problems peer reports school violence social status Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : School victimization has been negatively associated with children's social status. However, previous studies have primarily focused on peer victimization, leaving a significant knowledge gap regarding violence by teachers. We hypothesized that, when almost all children experience violence by teachers, not only the experience of violence, but also other factors, for example, mental health problems, may influence children's social preference and centrality. We therefore examined potential moderation effects of children's internalizing and externalizing problems. We implemented a multistage cluster randomized sampling approach to randomly chose fifth- and sixth-grade students from primary schools throughout Tanzania. Using a multi-informant approach, data were collected from 643 children (51.0% girls, M(age) = 12.79 years). Results showed inconsistent direct associations between teacher violence and social status, whereas mental health problems were consistently associated with lower social status. Significant interaction effects were found for internalizing problems; that is, teacher violence was associated with lower social status for increasing internalizing problems. However, no interaction effects were found for externalizing problems. The findings underline the burden of exposure to violence by teachers and the importance of mental health for children's social functioning. Knowledge about interrelations can be applied in interventions to effectively reduce violence by teachers toward students. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095457942000228x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=488