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Auteur Mahsa BARZY |
Documents disponibles écrits par cet auteur (4)
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Autistic Adults are Not Impaired at Maintaining or Switching Between Counterfactual and Factual Worlds: An ERP Study / H. J. FERGUSON in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 52-1 (January 2022)
[article]
Titre : Autistic Adults are Not Impaired at Maintaining or Switching Between Counterfactual and Factual Worlds: An ERP Study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : H. J. FERGUSON, Auteur ; L. WIMMER, Auteur ; J. BLACK, Auteur ; Mahsa BARZY, Auteur ; D. WILLIAMS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.349-360 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult Autism Spectrum Disorder Autistic Disorder/diagnosis Brain Comprehension Evoked Potentials Humans Reading Autism Counterfactuals Event-related potentials Language comprehension N400 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We report an event-related brain potential (ERP) experiment that tests whether autistic adults are able to maintain and switch between counterfactual and factual worlds. Participants (N?=?48) read scenarios that set up a factual or counterfactual scenario, then either maintained the counterfactual world or switched back to the factual world. When the context maintained the world, participants showed appropriate detection of the inconsistent critical word. In contrast, when participants had to switch from a counterfactual to factual world, they initially experienced interference from the counterfactual context, then favoured the factual interpretation of events. None of these effects were modulated by group, despite group-level impairments in Theory of Mind and cognitive flexibility among the autistic adults. These results demonstrate that autistic adults can appropriately use complex contextual cues to maintain and/or update mental representations of counterfactual and factual events. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-04939-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=455
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 52-1 (January 2022) . - p.349-360[article] Autistic Adults are Not Impaired at Maintaining or Switching Between Counterfactual and Factual Worlds: An ERP Study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / H. J. FERGUSON, Auteur ; L. WIMMER, Auteur ; J. BLACK, Auteur ; Mahsa BARZY, Auteur ; D. WILLIAMS, Auteur . - p.349-360.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 52-1 (January 2022) . - p.349-360
Mots-clés : Adult Autism Spectrum Disorder Autistic Disorder/diagnosis Brain Comprehension Evoked Potentials Humans Reading Autism Counterfactuals Event-related potentials Language comprehension N400 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We report an event-related brain potential (ERP) experiment that tests whether autistic adults are able to maintain and switch between counterfactual and factual worlds. Participants (N?=?48) read scenarios that set up a factual or counterfactual scenario, then either maintained the counterfactual world or switched back to the factual world. When the context maintained the world, participants showed appropriate detection of the inconsistent critical word. In contrast, when participants had to switch from a counterfactual to factual world, they initially experienced interference from the counterfactual context, then favoured the factual interpretation of events. None of these effects were modulated by group, despite group-level impairments in Theory of Mind and cognitive flexibility among the autistic adults. These results demonstrate that autistic adults can appropriately use complex contextual cues to maintain and/or update mental representations of counterfactual and factual events. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-04939-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=455 Emotional Processing of Ironic Versus Literal Criticism in Autistic and Nonautistic Adults: Evidence From Eye-Tracking / Mahsa BARZY in Autism Research, 13-4 (April 2020)
[article]
Titre : Emotional Processing of Ironic Versus Literal Criticism in Autistic and Nonautistic Adults: Evidence From Eye-Tracking Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Mahsa BARZY, Auteur ; Ruth FILIK, Auteur ; David WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Heather J. FERGUSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.563-578 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism emotion eye-tracking irony language comprehension perspective sarcasm Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Typically developing adults are able to keep track of story characters' emotional states online while reading. Filik et al. showed that initially, participants expected the victim to be more hurt by ironic comments than literal, but later considered them less hurtful; ironic comments were regarded as more amusing. We examined these processes in autistic adults, since previous research has demonstrated socio-emotional difficulties among autistic people, which may lead to problems processing irony and its related emotional processes despite an intact ability to integrate language in context. We recorded eye movements from autistic and nonautistic adults while they read narratives in which a character (the victim) was either criticized in an ironic or a literal manner by another character (the protagonist). A target sentence then either described the victim as feeling hurt/amused by the comment, or the protagonist as having intended to hurt/amused the victim by making the comment. Results from the nonautistic adults broadly replicated the key findings from Filik et al., supporting the two-stage account. Importantly, the autistic adults did not show comparable two-stage processing of ironic language; they did not differentiate between the emotional responses for victims or protagonists following ironic versus literal criticism. These findings suggest that autistic people experience a specific difficulty taking into account other peoples' communicative intentions (i.e., infer their mental state) to appropriately anticipate emotional responses to an ironic comment. We discuss how these difficulties might link to atypical socio-emotional processing in autism, and the ability to maintain successful real-life social interactions. Autism Res 2020, 13: 563-578. (c) 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: In line with research showing that autistic people have difficulties considering others' mental states, we found autistic adults were impaired at distinguishing the emotions and intentions experienced by story characters who received sarcastic comments (e.g., "That was fantastic parking" in a context where someone's parking was particularly bad). These findings highlight the difficulties that autistic people experience taking into account other peoples' intentions during communication to appropriately anticipate their emotional responses. (c) 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2272 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=421
in Autism Research > 13-4 (April 2020) . - p.563-578[article] Emotional Processing of Ironic Versus Literal Criticism in Autistic and Nonautistic Adults: Evidence From Eye-Tracking [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Mahsa BARZY, Auteur ; Ruth FILIK, Auteur ; David WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Heather J. FERGUSON, Auteur . - p.563-578.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 13-4 (April 2020) . - p.563-578
Mots-clés : autism emotion eye-tracking irony language comprehension perspective sarcasm Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Typically developing adults are able to keep track of story characters' emotional states online while reading. Filik et al. showed that initially, participants expected the victim to be more hurt by ironic comments than literal, but later considered them less hurtful; ironic comments were regarded as more amusing. We examined these processes in autistic adults, since previous research has demonstrated socio-emotional difficulties among autistic people, which may lead to problems processing irony and its related emotional processes despite an intact ability to integrate language in context. We recorded eye movements from autistic and nonautistic adults while they read narratives in which a character (the victim) was either criticized in an ironic or a literal manner by another character (the protagonist). A target sentence then either described the victim as feeling hurt/amused by the comment, or the protagonist as having intended to hurt/amused the victim by making the comment. Results from the nonautistic adults broadly replicated the key findings from Filik et al., supporting the two-stage account. Importantly, the autistic adults did not show comparable two-stage processing of ironic language; they did not differentiate between the emotional responses for victims or protagonists following ironic versus literal criticism. These findings suggest that autistic people experience a specific difficulty taking into account other peoples' communicative intentions (i.e., infer their mental state) to appropriately anticipate emotional responses to an ironic comment. We discuss how these difficulties might link to atypical socio-emotional processing in autism, and the ability to maintain successful real-life social interactions. Autism Res 2020, 13: 563-578. (c) 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: In line with research showing that autistic people have difficulties considering others' mental states, we found autistic adults were impaired at distinguishing the emotions and intentions experienced by story characters who received sarcastic comments (e.g., "That was fantastic parking" in a context where someone's parking was particularly bad). These findings highlight the difficulties that autistic people experience taking into account other peoples' intentions during communication to appropriately anticipate their emotional responses. (c) 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2272 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=421 Intact counterfactual emotion processing in autism spectrum disorder: Evidence from eye-tracking / J. BLACK in Autism Research, 12-3 (March 2019)
[article]
Titre : Intact counterfactual emotion processing in autism spectrum disorder: Evidence from eye-tracking Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : J. BLACK, Auteur ; Mahsa BARZY, Auteur ; D. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; H. FERGUSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.422-444 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : anomaly detection autism spectrum disorder counterfactual emotions eye-tracking reading regret relief Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Counterfactual emotions, such as regret and relief, require an awareness of how things could have been different. We report a preregistered experiment that examines how adults with and without ASD process counterfactual emotions in real-time, based on research showing that the developmental trajectory of counterfactual thinking may be disrupted in people with ASD. Participants were eye-tracked as they read narratives in which a character made an explicit decision then subsequently experienced either a mildly negative or positive outcome. The final sentence in each story included an explicit remark about the character's mood that was either consistent or inconsistent with the character's expected feelings of regret or relief (e.g., "... she feels happy/annoyed about her decision."). Results showed that adults with ASD are unimpaired in processing emotions based on counterfactual reasoning, and in fact showed earlier sensitivity to inconsistencies within relief contexts compared to TD participants. This finding highlights a previously unknown strength in empathy and emotion processing in adults with ASD, which may have been masked in previous research that has typically relied on explicit, response-based measures to record emotional inferences, which are likely to be susceptible to demand characteristics and response biases. Therefore, this study highlights the value of employing implicit measures that provide insights on peoples' immediate responses to emotional content without disrupting ongoing processing. Autism Res 2019, 12: 422-444 (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Despite known difficulties with empathy and perspective-taking, we found that adults with autism are unimpaired at inferring complex emotions (regret and relief) in others. This finding extends existing evidence showing dysfunctional counterfactual thinking in children with autism. We highlight the value of using implicit measures to identify strengths and abilities in ASD that may be masked by explicit tasks that require participants to interact socially or report their own thoughts. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2056 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=387
in Autism Research > 12-3 (March 2019) . - p.422-444[article] Intact counterfactual emotion processing in autism spectrum disorder: Evidence from eye-tracking [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / J. BLACK, Auteur ; Mahsa BARZY, Auteur ; D. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; H. FERGUSON, Auteur . - p.422-444.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 12-3 (March 2019) . - p.422-444
Mots-clés : anomaly detection autism spectrum disorder counterfactual emotions eye-tracking reading regret relief Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Counterfactual emotions, such as regret and relief, require an awareness of how things could have been different. We report a preregistered experiment that examines how adults with and without ASD process counterfactual emotions in real-time, based on research showing that the developmental trajectory of counterfactual thinking may be disrupted in people with ASD. Participants were eye-tracked as they read narratives in which a character made an explicit decision then subsequently experienced either a mildly negative or positive outcome. The final sentence in each story included an explicit remark about the character's mood that was either consistent or inconsistent with the character's expected feelings of regret or relief (e.g., "... she feels happy/annoyed about her decision."). Results showed that adults with ASD are unimpaired in processing emotions based on counterfactual reasoning, and in fact showed earlier sensitivity to inconsistencies within relief contexts compared to TD participants. This finding highlights a previously unknown strength in empathy and emotion processing in adults with ASD, which may have been masked in previous research that has typically relied on explicit, response-based measures to record emotional inferences, which are likely to be susceptible to demand characteristics and response biases. Therefore, this study highlights the value of employing implicit measures that provide insights on peoples' immediate responses to emotional content without disrupting ongoing processing. Autism Res 2019, 12: 422-444 (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Despite known difficulties with empathy and perspective-taking, we found that adults with autism are unimpaired at inferring complex emotions (regret and relief) in others. This finding extends existing evidence showing dysfunctional counterfactual thinking in children with autism. We highlight the value of using implicit measures to identify strengths and abilities in ASD that may be masked by explicit tasks that require participants to interact socially or report their own thoughts. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2056 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=387 Perspective influences eye movements during real-life conversation: Mentalising about self versus others in autism / Mahsa BARZY in Autism, 24-8 (November 2020)
[article]
Titre : Perspective influences eye movements during real-life conversation: Mentalising about self versus others in autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Mahsa BARZY, Auteur ; Heather J. FERGUSON, Auteur ; David M. WILLIAMS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2153-2165 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : *Autism *eye-tracking *perspective taking *real-life social interactions *topic of conversation of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Previous lab-based studies suggest that autistic individuals are less attentive to social aspects of their environment. In our study, we recorded the eye movements of autistic and typically developing adults while they engaged in a real-life social interaction with a partner. Results showed that autistic adults were less likely than typically developing adults to look at the experimenter's face, and instead were more likely to look at the background. Moreover, the perspective that was adopted in the conversation (talking about self versus others) modulated the patterns of eye movements in autistic and non-autistic adults. Overall, people spent less time looking at their conversation partner's eyes and face and more time looking at the background, when talking about an unfamiliar other compared to when talking about themselves. This pattern was magnified among autistic adults. We conclude that allocating attention to social information during conversation is cognitively effortful, but this can be mitigated when talking about a topic that is familiar to them. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320936820 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=431
in Autism > 24-8 (November 2020) . - p.2153-2165[article] Perspective influences eye movements during real-life conversation: Mentalising about self versus others in autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Mahsa BARZY, Auteur ; Heather J. FERGUSON, Auteur ; David M. WILLIAMS, Auteur . - p.2153-2165.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism > 24-8 (November 2020) . - p.2153-2165
Mots-clés : *Autism *eye-tracking *perspective taking *real-life social interactions *topic of conversation of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Previous lab-based studies suggest that autistic individuals are less attentive to social aspects of their environment. In our study, we recorded the eye movements of autistic and typically developing adults while they engaged in a real-life social interaction with a partner. Results showed that autistic adults were less likely than typically developing adults to look at the experimenter's face, and instead were more likely to look at the background. Moreover, the perspective that was adopted in the conversation (talking about self versus others) modulated the patterns of eye movements in autistic and non-autistic adults. Overall, people spent less time looking at their conversation partner's eyes and face and more time looking at the background, when talking about an unfamiliar other compared to when talking about themselves. This pattern was magnified among autistic adults. We conclude that allocating attention to social information during conversation is cognitively effortful, but this can be mitigated when talking about a topic that is familiar to them. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320936820 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=431