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Faire une suggestionCognitive and Electrophysiological Correlates of Working Memory Impairments in Neurofibromatosis Type 1 / Gorana POBRIC in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 52-4 (April 2022)
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Titre : Cognitive and Electrophysiological Correlates of Working Memory Impairments in Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Gorana POBRIC, Auteur ; Jason R. TAYLOR, Auteur ; Hemavathy M. RAMALINGAM, Auteur ; Emily PYE, Auteur ; Louise ROBINSON, Auteur ; Grace VASSALLO, Auteur ; JeYoung JUNG, Auteur ; Misty BHANDARY, Auteur ; Karolina SZUMANSKA-RYT, Auteur ; Louise THEODOSIOU, Auteur ; D. Gareth EVANS, Auteur ; Judith EELLOO, Auteur ; Emma BURKITT-WRIGHT, Auteur ; Johan HULLEMAN, Auteur ; Jonathan GREEN, Auteur ; Shruti GARG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1478-1494 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent Autism Spectrum Disorder Cognition Evoked Potentials/physiology Humans Memory, Short-Term/physiology Neurofibromatosis 1/complications Eeg N-back task Neurofibromatosis 1 P300 Working memory Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1) is a single gene disorder associated with working Memory (WM) impairments. The aim of this study was to investigate P300 event-related potential (ERP) associated with WM in NF1. Sixteen adolescents with NF1 were compared with controls on measures of WM and EEG was recorded during a WM nback task. The NF1 group showed poorer performance on measures of WM as compared to the control group. No group differences were observed in P300 amplitude at Pz, but P300 latency was shorter in the NF1 group. Topographic analyses of P300 amplitude showed group differences indicating neural processing differences in the NF1 group relative to controls, which possibly contribute to the cognitive deficits seen in this population. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-05043-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=475
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 52-4 (April 2022) . - p.1478-1494[article] Cognitive and Electrophysiological Correlates of Working Memory Impairments in Neurofibromatosis Type 1 [texte imprimé] / Gorana POBRIC, Auteur ; Jason R. TAYLOR, Auteur ; Hemavathy M. RAMALINGAM, Auteur ; Emily PYE, Auteur ; Louise ROBINSON, Auteur ; Grace VASSALLO, Auteur ; JeYoung JUNG, Auteur ; Misty BHANDARY, Auteur ; Karolina SZUMANSKA-RYT, Auteur ; Louise THEODOSIOU, Auteur ; D. Gareth EVANS, Auteur ; Judith EELLOO, Auteur ; Emma BURKITT-WRIGHT, Auteur ; Johan HULLEMAN, Auteur ; Jonathan GREEN, Auteur ; Shruti GARG, Auteur . - p.1478-1494.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 52-4 (April 2022) . - p.1478-1494
Mots-clés : Adolescent Autism Spectrum Disorder Cognition Evoked Potentials/physiology Humans Memory, Short-Term/physiology Neurofibromatosis 1/complications Eeg N-back task Neurofibromatosis 1 P300 Working memory Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1) is a single gene disorder associated with working Memory (WM) impairments. The aim of this study was to investigate P300 event-related potential (ERP) associated with WM in NF1. Sixteen adolescents with NF1 were compared with controls on measures of WM and EEG was recorded during a WM nback task. The NF1 group showed poorer performance on measures of WM as compared to the control group. No group differences were observed in P300 amplitude at Pz, but P300 latency was shorter in the NF1 group. Topographic analyses of P300 amplitude showed group differences indicating neural processing differences in the NF1 group relative to controls, which possibly contribute to the cognitive deficits seen in this population. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-05043-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=475 Differences in the Late Positive Potential and P300 to Emotional Faces in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder / Cara M. KEIFER in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 49-12 (December 2019)
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Titre : Differences in the Late Positive Potential and P300 to Emotional Faces in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Cara M. KEIFER, Auteur ; Kathryn M. HAUSCHILD, Auteur ; Brady D. NELSON, Auteur ; Greg HAJCAK, Auteur ; Matthew D. LERNER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.5009-5022 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder Erp Emotion processing Lpp P300 Social cognition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Despite evidence suggesting differences in early event-related potential (ERP) responses to social emotional stimuli, little is known about later stage ERP contributions to social emotional processing in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Adults with and without ASD completed a facial emotion recognition task involving stimuli that varied by emotional intensity while electroencephalograms were recorded. Principal components analysis was used to examine P300 and late positive potential (LPP) modulation by emotional intensity. Results indicated that greater ASD symptomatology evinced heightened P300 to high relative to low intensity faces, then heightened LPP to low relative to high intensity faces. Findings suggest that adults with greater ASD symptomatology may demonstrate a lag in engagement in elaborative processing of low intensity faces. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-019-04207-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=411
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 49-12 (December 2019) . - p.5009-5022[article] Differences in the Late Positive Potential and P300 to Emotional Faces in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder [texte imprimé] / Cara M. KEIFER, Auteur ; Kathryn M. HAUSCHILD, Auteur ; Brady D. NELSON, Auteur ; Greg HAJCAK, Auteur ; Matthew D. LERNER, Auteur . - p.5009-5022.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 49-12 (December 2019) . - p.5009-5022
Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder Erp Emotion processing Lpp P300 Social cognition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Despite evidence suggesting differences in early event-related potential (ERP) responses to social emotional stimuli, little is known about later stage ERP contributions to social emotional processing in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Adults with and without ASD completed a facial emotion recognition task involving stimuli that varied by emotional intensity while electroencephalograms were recorded. Principal components analysis was used to examine P300 and late positive potential (LPP) modulation by emotional intensity. Results indicated that greater ASD symptomatology evinced heightened P300 to high relative to low intensity faces, then heightened LPP to low relative to high intensity faces. Findings suggest that adults with greater ASD symptomatology may demonstrate a lag in engagement in elaborative processing of low intensity faces. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-019-04207-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=411 Predictability modulates neural response to eye contact in ASD / Adam J. NAPLES in Molecular Autism, 13 (2022)
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Titre : Predictability modulates neural response to eye contact in ASD Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Adam J. NAPLES, Auteur ; Jennifer H. FOSS-FEIG, Auteur ; Julie M. WOLF, Auteur ; Vinod H. SRIHARI, Auteur ; James C. MCPARTLAND, Auteur Article en page(s) : 42 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult Humans Female Autism Spectrum Disorder Autistic Disorder Interpersonal Relations Nonverbal Communication Autism Erp Eye tracking N170 P300 Social neuroscience Health, and BlackThorn Therapeutics, has received research funding from Janssen Research and Development, serves on the Scientific Advisory Boards of Pastorus and Modern Clinics, and receives royalties from Guilford Press, Lambert, and Springer. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Deficits in establishing and maintaining eye-contact are early and persistent vulnerabilities of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and the neural bases of these deficits remain elusive. A promising hypothesis is that social features of autism may reflect difficulties in making predictions about the social world under conditions of uncertainty. However, no research in ASD has examined how predictability impacts the neural processing of eye-contact in naturalistic interpersonal interactions. METHOD: We used eye tracking to facilitate an interactive social simulation wherein onscreen faces would establish eye-contact when the participant looked at them. In Experiment One, receipt of eye-contact was unpredictable; in Experiment Two, receipt of eye-contact was predictable. Neural response to eye-contact was measured via the N170 and P300 event-related potentials (ERPs). Experiment One included 23 ASD and 46 typically developing (TD) adult participants. Experiment Two included 25 ASD and 43 TD adult participants. RESULTS: When receipt of eye-contact was unpredictable, individuals with ASD showed increased N170 and increased, but non-specific, P300 responses. The magnitude of the N170 responses correlated with measures of sensory and anxiety symptomology, such that increased response to eye-contact was associated with increased symptomology. However, when receipt of eye-contact was predictable, individuals with ASD, relative to controls, exhibited slower N170s and no differences in the amplitude of N170 or P300. LIMITATIONS: Our ASD sample was composed of adults with IQ> 70 and included only four autistic women. Thus, further research is needed to evaluate how these results generalize across the spectrum of age, sex, and cognitive ability. Additionally, as analyses were exploratory, some findings failed to survive false-discovery rate adjustment. CONCLUSIONS: Neural response to eye-contact in ASD ranged from attenuated to hypersensitive depending on the predictability of the social context. These findings suggest that the vulnerabilities in eye-contact during social interactions in ASD may arise from differences in anticipation and expectation of eye-contact in addition to the perception of gaze alone. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-022-00519-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=491
in Molecular Autism > 13 (2022) . - 42 p.[article] Predictability modulates neural response to eye contact in ASD [texte imprimé] / Adam J. NAPLES, Auteur ; Jennifer H. FOSS-FEIG, Auteur ; Julie M. WOLF, Auteur ; Vinod H. SRIHARI, Auteur ; James C. MCPARTLAND, Auteur . - 42 p.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Molecular Autism > 13 (2022) . - 42 p.
Mots-clés : Adult Humans Female Autism Spectrum Disorder Autistic Disorder Interpersonal Relations Nonverbal Communication Autism Erp Eye tracking N170 P300 Social neuroscience Health, and BlackThorn Therapeutics, has received research funding from Janssen Research and Development, serves on the Scientific Advisory Boards of Pastorus and Modern Clinics, and receives royalties from Guilford Press, Lambert, and Springer. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Deficits in establishing and maintaining eye-contact are early and persistent vulnerabilities of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and the neural bases of these deficits remain elusive. A promising hypothesis is that social features of autism may reflect difficulties in making predictions about the social world under conditions of uncertainty. However, no research in ASD has examined how predictability impacts the neural processing of eye-contact in naturalistic interpersonal interactions. METHOD: We used eye tracking to facilitate an interactive social simulation wherein onscreen faces would establish eye-contact when the participant looked at them. In Experiment One, receipt of eye-contact was unpredictable; in Experiment Two, receipt of eye-contact was predictable. Neural response to eye-contact was measured via the N170 and P300 event-related potentials (ERPs). Experiment One included 23 ASD and 46 typically developing (TD) adult participants. Experiment Two included 25 ASD and 43 TD adult participants. RESULTS: When receipt of eye-contact was unpredictable, individuals with ASD showed increased N170 and increased, but non-specific, P300 responses. The magnitude of the N170 responses correlated with measures of sensory and anxiety symptomology, such that increased response to eye-contact was associated with increased symptomology. However, when receipt of eye-contact was predictable, individuals with ASD, relative to controls, exhibited slower N170s and no differences in the amplitude of N170 or P300. LIMITATIONS: Our ASD sample was composed of adults with IQ> 70 and included only four autistic women. Thus, further research is needed to evaluate how these results generalize across the spectrum of age, sex, and cognitive ability. Additionally, as analyses were exploratory, some findings failed to survive false-discovery rate adjustment. CONCLUSIONS: Neural response to eye-contact in ASD ranged from attenuated to hypersensitive depending on the predictability of the social context. These findings suggest that the vulnerabilities in eye-contact during social interactions in ASD may arise from differences in anticipation and expectation of eye-contact in addition to the perception of gaze alone. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-022-00519-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=491 Reduced P300 amplitude in children and adolescents with autism is associated with slowed processing speed, executive difficulties, and social-communication problems / Jonathan LASSEN in Autism, 29-1 (January 2025)
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Titre : Reduced P300 amplitude in children and adolescents with autism is associated with slowed processing speed, executive difficulties, and social-communication problems Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jonathan LASSEN, Auteur ; Bob ORANJE, Auteur ; Martin VESTERGAARD, Auteur ; Malene FOLDAGER, Auteur ; Troels W KJÆR, Auteur ; Bodil AGGERNAES, Auteur ; Sidse ARNFRED, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.222-232 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder autism electroencephalography executive functions P300 selective attention social-communication Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Compared to their neurotypically developing peers, children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders tend to have attenuated neural responses in the parietal lobe when attending sensory input, as reflected by a reduced P3b amplitude measured with electroencephalography. However, it is unknown whether a reduced P3b amplitude in autistic children and adolescents is associated with their autism traits, daily functioning, and/or cognitive functions. To address these questions, we assessed 57 children with autism aged 7-14 years and 57 typically developing children with electroencephalography using a binaural auditory oddball paradigm. Participants further underwent cognitive assessment, and parents reported on autistic traits, executive functioning, and adaptive functioning. As expected, children with autism had lower P3b amplitude compared to controls. Across all participants, a lower P3b amplitude was associated with more parent-reported social-communication problems and impairments in daily executive functioning. Children with autism had reduced visual processing speed, which was coupled to a lower P3b amplitude. In conclusion, we found attenuated P3b amplitude in children with autism performing an auditory selective attention task, which generalized to impaired cross-modal processing of visual input and an underlying impairment in allocating attentional resources critical for social and executive functioning.Lay abstractSelective attention to auditory input is reflected in the brain by an electric amplitude called the P3b amplitude, which is measured using electroencephalography. Previous research has shown that children and adolescents with autism have an attenuated P3b amplitude when they have to attend specific sounds while ignoring other sounds. However, it is unknown whether a reduced P3b amplitude in autistic children and adolescents is associated with their autism features, daily functioning and/or cognitive functions. This study aimed to examine these questions. Therefore, we assessed selective attention to auditory input in 57 children with autism aged 7-14 years and 57 neurotypically developing controls while measuring their brain activity with electroencephalography. Participants further underwent cognitive assessment, and parents reported on autistic traits and daily functioning. As expected, children with autism had lower P3b amplitude compared to their neurotypical peers. Importantly, an attenuated P3b amplitude was associated with more parent-reported social-communication problems and difficulties with daily functioning. Children with autism further had reduced processing speed of visual input, which also was coupled to a lower P3b amplitude. In conclusion, we found attenuated P3b amplitude in children with autism performing an auditory selective attention task, which was related to difficulties with processing visual input and allocating attentional resources critical for social and daily functioning. The results suggest that autistic children are more vulnerable to being disturbed when the environment is filled with conflicting sensory input. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613241271950 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=544
in Autism > 29-1 (January 2025) . - p.222-232[article] Reduced P300 amplitude in children and adolescents with autism is associated with slowed processing speed, executive difficulties, and social-communication problems [texte imprimé] / Jonathan LASSEN, Auteur ; Bob ORANJE, Auteur ; Martin VESTERGAARD, Auteur ; Malene FOLDAGER, Auteur ; Troels W KJÆR, Auteur ; Bodil AGGERNAES, Auteur ; Sidse ARNFRED, Auteur . - p.222-232.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism > 29-1 (January 2025) . - p.222-232
Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder autism electroencephalography executive functions P300 selective attention social-communication Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Compared to their neurotypically developing peers, children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders tend to have attenuated neural responses in the parietal lobe when attending sensory input, as reflected by a reduced P3b amplitude measured with electroencephalography. However, it is unknown whether a reduced P3b amplitude in autistic children and adolescents is associated with their autism traits, daily functioning, and/or cognitive functions. To address these questions, we assessed 57 children with autism aged 7-14 years and 57 typically developing children with electroencephalography using a binaural auditory oddball paradigm. Participants further underwent cognitive assessment, and parents reported on autistic traits, executive functioning, and adaptive functioning. As expected, children with autism had lower P3b amplitude compared to controls. Across all participants, a lower P3b amplitude was associated with more parent-reported social-communication problems and impairments in daily executive functioning. Children with autism had reduced visual processing speed, which was coupled to a lower P3b amplitude. In conclusion, we found attenuated P3b amplitude in children with autism performing an auditory selective attention task, which generalized to impaired cross-modal processing of visual input and an underlying impairment in allocating attentional resources critical for social and executive functioning.Lay abstractSelective attention to auditory input is reflected in the brain by an electric amplitude called the P3b amplitude, which is measured using electroencephalography. Previous research has shown that children and adolescents with autism have an attenuated P3b amplitude when they have to attend specific sounds while ignoring other sounds. However, it is unknown whether a reduced P3b amplitude in autistic children and adolescents is associated with their autism features, daily functioning and/or cognitive functions. This study aimed to examine these questions. Therefore, we assessed selective attention to auditory input in 57 children with autism aged 7-14 years and 57 neurotypically developing controls while measuring their brain activity with electroencephalography. Participants further underwent cognitive assessment, and parents reported on autistic traits and daily functioning. As expected, children with autism had lower P3b amplitude compared to their neurotypical peers. Importantly, an attenuated P3b amplitude was associated with more parent-reported social-communication problems and difficulties with daily functioning. Children with autism further had reduced processing speed of visual input, which also was coupled to a lower P3b amplitude. In conclusion, we found attenuated P3b amplitude in children with autism performing an auditory selective attention task, which was related to difficulties with processing visual input and allocating attentional resources critical for social and daily functioning. The results suggest that autistic children are more vulnerable to being disturbed when the environment is filled with conflicting sensory input. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613241271950 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=544 Potentiels évoqués cognitifs et dyspraxie : étude préliminaire / F. CHELIOUT-HERAUT in Approche Neuropsychologique des Apprentissages chez l'Enfant - A.N.A.E., 98 (Juin 2008)
[article]
Titre : Potentiels évoqués cognitifs et dyspraxie : étude préliminaire Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : F. CHELIOUT-HERAUT, Auteur ; C. ANTONETTI, Auteur ; A. LEMAITRE, Auteur ; F. BOUR, Auteur ; F. ELMASSIOUI, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : p.169-173 Langues : Français (fre) Mots-clés : Dyspraxie Potentiels-évoqués-cognitifs-P300 Troubles-cognitifs PEAP-enfants Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Dans ce travail préliminaire, nous nous proposons d'étudier les potentiels évoqués cognitifs et notamment la P300 chez des enfants dyspraxiques. Le but de notre étude est de comparer les résultats obtenus dans cette population (9 enfants d'âge moyen 9 ans) à une population de 8 enfants témoins du même-âge afin d'établir les aspects qualitatifs et quantitatifs de la P300 de d'objectiver d'éventuels troubles cognitifs chez l'enfant dyspraxique.
Matériel-méthode : nous avons enregistré dans les deux groupes d'enfants les potentiels évoqués auditifs précoces (PEAP) et les potentiels cognitifs (P300) grâce à un matériel Médatec (MP8). Pour la P300, nous avons utilisé le paradigme classique "oddball" avec enregistrement des réponses sur les dérivations Fz, Cz et Pz dans trois conditions expérimentales différentes (écoute passive, comptage et réponse motrice). D'autre part tous les enfants ont bénéficié d'un bilan neuro-psychologique (WISC IV).
Résultats : nos résultats montrent des différences significatives entre les deux groupes d'enfants avec réduction d'amplitude et augmentation de latence de la P300 chez les dyspraxiques selon les situations expérimentales ainsi qu'une corrélation entre la réduction de la P300 et la perturbation de la mémoire de travail.
Discussion-conclusion : les résultats obtenus chez l'enfant dyspraxique évoquent un dysfonctionnement dans le maintien temporaire d'une information lors d'une tâche cognitive et montrent l'intérêt d'un enregistrement des potentiels cognitifs dans cette affection.Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=691
in Approche Neuropsychologique des Apprentissages chez l'Enfant - A.N.A.E. > 98 (Juin 2008) . - p.169-173[article] Potentiels évoqués cognitifs et dyspraxie : étude préliminaire [texte imprimé] / F. CHELIOUT-HERAUT, Auteur ; C. ANTONETTI, Auteur ; A. LEMAITRE, Auteur ; F. BOUR, Auteur ; F. ELMASSIOUI, Auteur . - 2008 . - p.169-173.
Langues : Français (fre)
in Approche Neuropsychologique des Apprentissages chez l'Enfant - A.N.A.E. > 98 (Juin 2008) . - p.169-173
Mots-clés : Dyspraxie Potentiels-évoqués-cognitifs-P300 Troubles-cognitifs PEAP-enfants Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Dans ce travail préliminaire, nous nous proposons d'étudier les potentiels évoqués cognitifs et notamment la P300 chez des enfants dyspraxiques. Le but de notre étude est de comparer les résultats obtenus dans cette population (9 enfants d'âge moyen 9 ans) à une population de 8 enfants témoins du même-âge afin d'établir les aspects qualitatifs et quantitatifs de la P300 de d'objectiver d'éventuels troubles cognitifs chez l'enfant dyspraxique.
Matériel-méthode : nous avons enregistré dans les deux groupes d'enfants les potentiels évoqués auditifs précoces (PEAP) et les potentiels cognitifs (P300) grâce à un matériel Médatec (MP8). Pour la P300, nous avons utilisé le paradigme classique "oddball" avec enregistrement des réponses sur les dérivations Fz, Cz et Pz dans trois conditions expérimentales différentes (écoute passive, comptage et réponse motrice). D'autre part tous les enfants ont bénéficié d'un bilan neuro-psychologique (WISC IV).
Résultats : nos résultats montrent des différences significatives entre les deux groupes d'enfants avec réduction d'amplitude et augmentation de latence de la P300 chez les dyspraxiques selon les situations expérimentales ainsi qu'une corrélation entre la réduction de la P300 et la perturbation de la mémoire de travail.
Discussion-conclusion : les résultats obtenus chez l'enfant dyspraxique évoquent un dysfonctionnement dans le maintien temporaire d'une information lors d'une tâche cognitive et montrent l'intérêt d'un enregistrement des potentiels cognitifs dans cette affection.Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=691 The effects of age on the N200 component of the auditory event-related potentials / Hideo ENOKI in Cognitive Brain Research, 1-3 (October 1993)
PermalinkTop-down and bottom-up visual information processing of non-social stimuli in high-functioning autism spectrum disorder / Toshihiko MAEKAWA in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 5-1 (January-March 2011)
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