Adolescent daytime sleepiness as a risk factor for adult crime / Adrian RAINE in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58-6 (June 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-6 (June 2017) . - p.728-735 Titre : Adolescent daytime sleepiness as a risk factor for adult crime Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Adrian RAINE, Auteur ; Peter H. VENABLES, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.728-735 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Sleepiness  sleep  antisocial  crime  attention  electroencephalogram  prefrontal  adolescence  adversity  intervention Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background While recent cross-sectional research has documented a relationship between sleep problems and antisocial behavior, the longitudinal nature of this relationship is unknown. This study tests both the hypothesis that adolescent daytime sleepiness is associated with later adult criminal offending, and also tests a biopsychosocial mediation model in which social adversity predisposes to sleepiness, which in turn predisposes to attentional impairment, and to adult crime. Methods Schoolboys aged 15 years rated themselves on self-report sleepiness. Age 15 antisocial behavior was assessed by teacher ratings and self-reports, while convictions for crime were assessed at age 29. Attentional capacity at age 15 was assessed by autonomic orienting, with arousal assessed by the electroencephalogram (EEG). Results Sleepy adolescents were more likely to be antisocial during adolescence, and were 4.5 times more likely to commit crime by age 29. The sleepiness–adult crime relationship withstood control for adolescent antisocial behavior. Self-report sleepiness predicted to adult crime over and above objective measures of daytime sleepiness (EEG theta activity) and age 15 antisocial behavior. Poor daytime attention partly mediated the sleep–crime relationship. Mediation analyses also showed that social adversity predisposed to daytime sleepiness which was associated with reduced attention which in turn predisposed to adult crime. Conclusions Findings are the first to document a longitudinal association between sleepiness in adolescence and crime in adulthood. The longitudinal nature of this relationship, controlling for age 15 antisocial behavior, is consistent with the hypothesis that adolescent sleepiness predisposes to later antisociality. Findings are also consistent with the notion that the well-established link between social adversity and adult crime is partly explained by sleepiness. Results suggest that a very brief and simple assessment of subjective daytime sleepiness may have prognostic clinical value, and that interventions to reduced sleepiness could be a useful avenue for future crime prevention. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12693 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=308 [article] Adolescent daytime sleepiness as a risk factor for adult crime [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Adrian RAINE, Auteur ; Peter H. VENABLES, Auteur . - p.728-735. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-6 (June 2017) . - p.728-735 Mots-clés : Sleepiness  sleep  antisocial  crime  attention  electroencephalogram  prefrontal  adolescence  adversity  intervention Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background While recent cross-sectional research has documented a relationship between sleep problems and antisocial behavior, the longitudinal nature of this relationship is unknown. This study tests both the hypothesis that adolescent daytime sleepiness is associated with later adult criminal offending, and also tests a biopsychosocial mediation model in which social adversity predisposes to sleepiness, which in turn predisposes to attentional impairment, and to adult crime. Methods Schoolboys aged 15 years rated themselves on self-report sleepiness. Age 15 antisocial behavior was assessed by teacher ratings and self-reports, while convictions for crime were assessed at age 29. Attentional capacity at age 15 was assessed by autonomic orienting, with arousal assessed by the electroencephalogram (EEG). Results Sleepy adolescents were more likely to be antisocial during adolescence, and were 4.5 times more likely to commit crime by age 29. The sleepiness–adult crime relationship withstood control for adolescent antisocial behavior. Self-report sleepiness predicted to adult crime over and above objective measures of daytime sleepiness (EEG theta activity) and age 15 antisocial behavior. Poor daytime attention partly mediated the sleep–crime relationship. Mediation analyses also showed that social adversity predisposed to daytime sleepiness which was associated with reduced attention which in turn predisposed to adult crime. Conclusions Findings are the first to document a longitudinal association between sleepiness in adolescence and crime in adulthood. The longitudinal nature of this relationship, controlling for age 15 antisocial behavior, is consistent with the hypothesis that adolescent sleepiness predisposes to later antisociality. Findings are also consistent with the notion that the well-established link between social adversity and adult crime is partly explained by sleepiness. Results suggest that a very brief and simple assessment of subjective daytime sleepiness may have prognostic clinical value, and that interventions to reduced sleepiness could be a useful avenue for future crime prevention. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12693 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=308

A developmental increase in allostatic load from ages 3 to 11 years is associated with increased schizotypal personality at age 23 years / Melissa PESKIN in Development and Psychopathology, 23-4 (November 2011)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 23-4 (November 2011) . - p.1059-1068 Titre : A developmental increase in allostatic load from ages 3 to 11 years is associated with increased schizotypal personality at age 23 years Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Melissa PESKIN, Auteur ; Adrian RAINE, Auteur ; Yu GAO, Auteur ; Peter H. VENABLES, Auteur ; Sarnoff A. MEDNICK, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p.1059-1068 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Although allostatic load has been investigated in mood and anxiety disorders, no prior study has investigated developmental change in allostatic load as a precursor to schizotypal personality. This study employed a multilevel developmental framework to examine whether the development of increased allostatic load, as indicated by impaired sympathetic nervous system habituation from ages 3 to 11 years, predisposes to schizotypal personality at age 23 years. Electrodermal activity to six aversive tones was recorded in 995 subjects at age 3 years and again at 11 years. Habituation slopes at both ages were used to create groups who showed a developmental increase in habituation (decreased allostatic load), and those who showed a developmental decrease in habituation (increased allostatic load). Children who showed a developmental increase in allostatic load from ages 3 to 11 years had higher levels of schizotypal personality at 23 years. A breakdown of total schizotypy scores demonstrated specificity of findings to cognitive–perceptual features of schizotypy. Findings are the first to document a developmental abnormality in allostasis in relation to adult schizotypal personality. The relative failure to develop normal habituation to repeated stressors throughout childhood is hypothesized to result in an accumulation of allostatic load and consequently increased positive symptom schizotypy in adulthood. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579411000496 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=146 [article] A developmental increase in allostatic load from ages 3 to 11 years is associated with increased schizotypal personality at age 23 years [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Melissa PESKIN, Auteur ; Adrian RAINE, Auteur ; Yu GAO, Auteur ; Peter H. VENABLES, Auteur ; Sarnoff A. MEDNICK, Auteur . - 2011 . - p.1059-1068. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 23-4 (November 2011) . - p.1059-1068 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Although allostatic load has been investigated in mood and anxiety disorders, no prior study has investigated developmental change in allostatic load as a precursor to schizotypal personality. This study employed a multilevel developmental framework to examine whether the development of increased allostatic load, as indicated by impaired sympathetic nervous system habituation from ages 3 to 11 years, predisposes to schizotypal personality at age 23 years. Electrodermal activity to six aversive tones was recorded in 995 subjects at age 3 years and again at 11 years. Habituation slopes at both ages were used to create groups who showed a developmental increase in habituation (decreased allostatic load), and those who showed a developmental decrease in habituation (increased allostatic load). Children who showed a developmental increase in allostatic load from ages 3 to 11 years had higher levels of schizotypal personality at 23 years. A breakdown of total schizotypy scores demonstrated specificity of findings to cognitive–perceptual features of schizotypy. Findings are the first to document a developmental abnormality in allostasis in relation to adult schizotypal personality. The relative failure to develop normal habituation to repeated stressors throughout childhood is hypothesized to result in an accumulation of allostatic load and consequently increased positive symptom schizotypy in adulthood. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579411000496 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=146

Reduced electrodermal fear conditioning from ages 3 to 8 years is associated with aggressive behavior at age 8 years / Yu GAO in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51-5 (May 2010)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-5 (May 2010) . - p.550-558 Titre : Reduced electrodermal fear conditioning from ages 3 to 8 years is associated with aggressive behavior at age 8 years Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Yu GAO, Auteur ; Adrian RAINE, Auteur ; Peter H. VENABLES, Auteur ; Michael E. DAWSON, Auteur ; Sarnoff A. MEDNICK, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.550-558 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Fear-conditioning child development aggression electrodermal Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Poor fear conditioning characterizes adult psychopathy and criminality, but it is not known whether it is related to aggressive/antisocial behavior in early childhood. Methods: Using a differential, partial reinforcement conditioning paradigm, electrodermal activity was recorded from 200 male and female children at ages 3, 4, 5, 6, and 8 years. Antisocial/aggressive and hyperactive-inattentive measures were collected at age 8. Results: Poor electrodermal fear conditioning from ages 3 to 8 years was associated with aggressive behavior at age 8 in both males and females. Conclusions: Results indicate that the relationship between poor fear conditioning and aggression occurs early in childhood. Enhanced electrodermal fear conditioning may protect children against future aggressive/violent behavior. Abnormal amygdala functioning, as indirectly assessed by fear conditioning, may be one of the factors influencing the development of childhood aggression. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02176.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=101 [article] Reduced electrodermal fear conditioning from ages 3 to 8 years is associated with aggressive behavior at age 8 years [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Yu GAO, Auteur ; Adrian RAINE, Auteur ; Peter H. VENABLES, Auteur ; Michael E. DAWSON, Auteur ; Sarnoff A. MEDNICK, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.550-558. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-5 (May 2010) . - p.550-558 Mots-clés : Fear-conditioning child development aggression electrodermal Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Poor fear conditioning characterizes adult psychopathy and criminality, but it is not known whether it is related to aggressive/antisocial behavior in early childhood. Methods: Using a differential, partial reinforcement conditioning paradigm, electrodermal activity was recorded from 200 male and female children at ages 3, 4, 5, 6, and 8 years. Antisocial/aggressive and hyperactive-inattentive measures were collected at age 8. Results: Poor electrodermal fear conditioning from ages 3 to 8 years was associated with aggressive behavior at age 8 in both males and females. Conclusions: Results indicate that the relationship between poor fear conditioning and aggression occurs early in childhood. Enhanced electrodermal fear conditioning may protect children against future aggressive/violent behavior. Abnormal amygdala functioning, as indirectly assessed by fear conditioning, may be one of the factors influencing the development of childhood aggression. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02176.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=101

---

1 (1 - 3 / 3)