Dépouillements

Understanding depression and thoughts of self-harm in autism: A potential mechanism involving loneliness / Darren HEDLEY in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 46 (February 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 46 (February 2018) . - p.1-7 Titre : Understanding depression and thoughts of self-harm in autism: A potential mechanism involving loneliness Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Darren HEDLEY, Auteur ; Mirko ULJAREVIC, Auteur ; Mathilda WILMOT, Auteur ; Amanda RICHDALE, Auteur ; Cheryl DISSANAYAKE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1-7 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adults  Autism spectrum disorder  Depression  Loneliness  Risk  Risk factors  Self-harm  Suicide Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are at increased risk of suicidal ideation and behavior. This study characterized the inter-relationships between loneliness, depression and thoughts of self-harm in adults with ASD. Method Participants were 71 adults with ASD who completed questionnaires that provided information on loneliness, depression and thoughts of self-harm. Relationships between study variables were examined with correlations and a regression analysis. Two exploratory mediation models were then explored. Model 1 tested whether the relationship between depression and thoughts of self-harm was mediated through loneliness. Model 2 tested whether loneliness acted on thoughts of self-harm through depression. Results Twenty-six percent of participants met the clinical cut-off for depression and 21% reported thoughts of self-harm. Depressive symptoms, loneliness, and thoughts of self-harm were significantly correlated. Only Model 2, that identified an indirect pathway from loneliness, through depression to thoughts of self-harm, was supported. The mediator for this model accounted for 56.7% of the total effect. Conclusions This study examined potential mechanisms underlying depression and thoughts of self-harm in ASD. These results highlight a possible contribution of loneliness to depression and thoughts of self-harm, suggesting treatment options that target loneliness may prove beneficial in improving mental health outcomes in ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2017.11.003 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=327 [article] Understanding depression and thoughts of self-harm in autism: A potential mechanism involving loneliness [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Darren HEDLEY, Auteur ; Mirko ULJAREVIC, Auteur ; Mathilda WILMOT, Auteur ; Amanda RICHDALE, Auteur ; Cheryl DISSANAYAKE, Auteur . - p.1-7. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 46 (February 2018) . - p.1-7 Mots-clés : Adults  Autism spectrum disorder  Depression  Loneliness  Risk  Risk factors  Self-harm  Suicide Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are at increased risk of suicidal ideation and behavior. This study characterized the inter-relationships between loneliness, depression and thoughts of self-harm in adults with ASD. Method Participants were 71 adults with ASD who completed questionnaires that provided information on loneliness, depression and thoughts of self-harm. Relationships between study variables were examined with correlations and a regression analysis. Two exploratory mediation models were then explored. Model 1 tested whether the relationship between depression and thoughts of self-harm was mediated through loneliness. Model 2 tested whether loneliness acted on thoughts of self-harm through depression. Results Twenty-six percent of participants met the clinical cut-off for depression and 21% reported thoughts of self-harm. Depressive symptoms, loneliness, and thoughts of self-harm were significantly correlated. Only Model 2, that identified an indirect pathway from loneliness, through depression to thoughts of self-harm, was supported. The mediator for this model accounted for 56.7% of the total effect. Conclusions This study examined potential mechanisms underlying depression and thoughts of self-harm in ASD. These results highlight a possible contribution of loneliness to depression and thoughts of self-harm, suggesting treatment options that target loneliness may prove beneficial in improving mental health outcomes in ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2017.11.003 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=327

The experience and impact of anxiety in autistic adults: A thematic analysis / Ashley E. ROBERTSON in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 46 (February 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 46 (February 2018) . - p.8-18 Titre : The experience and impact of anxiety in autistic adults: A thematic analysis Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Ashley E. ROBERTSON, Auteur ; Andrew C. STANFIELD, Auteur ; Jane WATT, Auteur ; Fiona BARRY, Auteur ; Matthew DAY, Auteur ; Magnus CORMACK, Auteur ; Craig MELVILLE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.8-18 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Anxiety  Thematic analysis  Qualitative  Autism spectrum disorders  Mental ill health Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground A high proportion of individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) also meet criteria for anxiety disorders. Few studies have explored the experience and impact of anxiety in autistic adults using qualitative methods. Methods Seventeen semi-structured interviews with either autistic adults (n = 10) or the supporters of adults with a diagnosis of ASD (n = 7) were conducted. The data were analysed using thematic analysis. Results Three main themes were identified: ‘contributing and mitigating factors to anxiety’, ‘consequences of anxiety’, and ‘management of anxiety’. Discussion Findings highlighted the role that uncertainty plays in anxiety in autism, supporting existing theoretical accounts. Implications for clinical practice were discussed. These included ensuring that communication differences are minimised, and highlighting the importance of meaningfully including autistic people throughout the development and evaluation process of interventions for mental health. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2017.11.006 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=327 [article] The experience and impact of anxiety in autistic adults: A thematic analysis [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Ashley E. ROBERTSON, Auteur ; Andrew C. STANFIELD, Auteur ; Jane WATT, Auteur ; Fiona BARRY, Auteur ; Matthew DAY, Auteur ; Magnus CORMACK, Auteur ; Craig MELVILLE, Auteur . - p.8-18. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 46 (February 2018) . - p.8-18 Mots-clés : Anxiety  Thematic analysis  Qualitative  Autism spectrum disorders  Mental ill health Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground A high proportion of individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) also meet criteria for anxiety disorders. Few studies have explored the experience and impact of anxiety in autistic adults using qualitative methods. Methods Seventeen semi-structured interviews with either autistic adults (n = 10) or the supporters of adults with a diagnosis of ASD (n = 7) were conducted. The data were analysed using thematic analysis. Results Three main themes were identified: ‘contributing and mitigating factors to anxiety’, ‘consequences of anxiety’, and ‘management of anxiety’. Discussion Findings highlighted the role that uncertainty plays in anxiety in autism, supporting existing theoretical accounts. Implications for clinical practice were discussed. These included ensuring that communication differences are minimised, and highlighting the importance of meaningfully including autistic people throughout the development and evaluation process of interventions for mental health. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2017.11.006 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=327

Characteristics of handwriting quality and speed in adults with autism spectrum disorders / Anaïs GODDE in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 46 (February 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 46 (February 2018) . - p.19-28 Titre : Characteristics of handwriting quality and speed in adults with autism spectrum disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Anaïs GODDE, Auteur ; Raphaele TSAO, Auteur ; Bruno GEPNER, Auteur ; Carole TARDIF, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.19-28 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Handwriting quality  Handwriting speed  Asd  Adults  Predictors Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground Handwriting difficulties affecting production quality and speed have been identified in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), and several perceptual?motor impairments have been shown to contribute to these difficulties. There has been only one study of handwriting in adults with ASD, and this focused on letter size, reporting macrographia. The present study was therefore intended to explore the other features of handwriting and the role of perceptual?motor skills in this activity in adults with ASD. Method We recruited a group of adults with ASD (n = 21) and two typically developing control groups, matched on either chronological (n = 21) or developmental (n = 21) age. Participants performed a handwriting copy task to assess handwriting speed and quality, and five perceptual?motor tasks (finger dexterity, fine motor coordination, graphomotor activity, visuomotor integration, and visual attention). Results Adults with ASD had significantly poorer handwriting quality than adults in the two control groups, and lower handwriting speed than adults of the same chronological age. Developmental age was the best predictor of handwriting quality in adults with ASD, whereas visuomotor integration was the best predictor in the control group matched on developmental age. None of the factors we tested influenced production speed in adults with ASD. Conclusions Handwriting in adults with ASD appears to show weaknesses and peculiarities. Further studies are needed to explore alternative predictive factors for handwriting speed and quality in adults with ASD, in order to improve handwriting and consequently increase employment opportunities for this population. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2017.11.005 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=327 [article] Characteristics of handwriting quality and speed in adults with autism spectrum disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Anaïs GODDE, Auteur ; Raphaele TSAO, Auteur ; Bruno GEPNER, Auteur ; Carole TARDIF, Auteur . - p.19-28. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 46 (February 2018) . - p.19-28 Mots-clés : Handwriting quality  Handwriting speed  Asd  Adults  Predictors Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground Handwriting difficulties affecting production quality and speed have been identified in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), and several perceptual?motor impairments have been shown to contribute to these difficulties. There has been only one study of handwriting in adults with ASD, and this focused on letter size, reporting macrographia. The present study was therefore intended to explore the other features of handwriting and the role of perceptual?motor skills in this activity in adults with ASD. Method We recruited a group of adults with ASD (n = 21) and two typically developing control groups, matched on either chronological (n = 21) or developmental (n = 21) age. Participants performed a handwriting copy task to assess handwriting speed and quality, and five perceptual?motor tasks (finger dexterity, fine motor coordination, graphomotor activity, visuomotor integration, and visual attention). Results Adults with ASD had significantly poorer handwriting quality than adults in the two control groups, and lower handwriting speed than adults of the same chronological age. Developmental age was the best predictor of handwriting quality in adults with ASD, whereas visuomotor integration was the best predictor in the control group matched on developmental age. None of the factors we tested influenced production speed in adults with ASD. Conclusions Handwriting in adults with ASD appears to show weaknesses and peculiarities. Further studies are needed to explore alternative predictive factors for handwriting speed and quality in adults with ASD, in order to improve handwriting and consequently increase employment opportunities for this population. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2017.11.005 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=327