Annual Research Review: What is resilience within the social ecology of human development? / Michael UNGAR in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54-4 (April 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-4 (April 2013) . - p.348-366 Titre : Annual Research Review: What is resilience within the social ecology of human development? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Michael UNGAR, Auteur ; Mehdi GHAZINOUR, Auteur ; Jörg RICHTER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.348-366 Mots-clés : Resilience  social ecology  human ecology  multisystemic  positive development  stress  adversity  risk  equifinality  differential impact  culture  context Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: The development of Bronfenbrenner’s bio-social-ecological systems model of human development parallels advances made to the theory of resilience that progressively moved from a more individual (micro) focus on traits to a multisystemic understanding of person–environment reciprocal processes. Methods: This review uses Bronfenbrenner’s model and Ungar’s social-ecological interpretation of four decades of research on resilience to discuss the results of a purposeful selection of studies of resilience that have been done in different contexts and cultures. Results: An ecological model of resilience can, and indeed has been shown to help researchers of resilience to conceptualize the child’s social and physical ecologies, from caregivers to neighbourhoods, that account for both proximal and distal factors that predict successful development under adversity. Three principles emerged from this review that inform a bio-social-ecological interpretation of resilience: equifinality (there are many proximal processes that can lead to many different, but equally viable, expressions of human development associated with well-being); differential impact (the nature of the risks children face, their perceptions of the resources available to mitigate those risks and the quality of the resources that are accessible make proximal processes more or less influential to children’s development); and contextual and cultural moderation (different contexts and cultures provide access to different processes associated with resilience as it is defined locally). Conclusion: As this review shows, using this multisystemic social-ecological theory of resilience can inform a deeper understanding of the processes that contribute to positive development under stress. It can also offer practitioners and policy makers a broader perspective on principles for the design and implementation of effective interventions. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12025 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=194 [article] Annual Research Review: What is resilience within the social ecology of human development? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Michael UNGAR, Auteur ; Mehdi GHAZINOUR, Auteur ; Jörg RICHTER, Auteur . - p.348-366. in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-4 (April 2013) . - p.348-366 Mots-clés : Resilience  social ecology  human ecology  multisystemic  positive development  stress  adversity  risk  equifinality  differential impact  culture  context Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: The development of Bronfenbrenner’s bio-social-ecological systems model of human development parallels advances made to the theory of resilience that progressively moved from a more individual (micro) focus on traits to a multisystemic understanding of person–environment reciprocal processes. Methods: This review uses Bronfenbrenner’s model and Ungar’s social-ecological interpretation of four decades of research on resilience to discuss the results of a purposeful selection of studies of resilience that have been done in different contexts and cultures. Results: An ecological model of resilience can, and indeed has been shown to help researchers of resilience to conceptualize the child’s social and physical ecologies, from caregivers to neighbourhoods, that account for both proximal and distal factors that predict successful development under adversity. Three principles emerged from this review that inform a bio-social-ecological interpretation of resilience: equifinality (there are many proximal processes that can lead to many different, but equally viable, expressions of human development associated with well-being); differential impact (the nature of the risks children face, their perceptions of the resources available to mitigate those risks and the quality of the resources that are accessible make proximal processes more or less influential to children’s development); and contextual and cultural moderation (different contexts and cultures provide access to different processes associated with resilience as it is defined locally). Conclusion: As this review shows, using this multisystemic social-ecological theory of resilience can inform a deeper understanding of the processes that contribute to positive development under stress. It can also offer practitioners and policy makers a broader perspective on principles for the design and implementation of effective interventions. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12025 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=194

The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) – Self-Report. An analysis of its structure in a multiethnic urban adolescent sample / Jörg RICHTER in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 52-9 (September 2011)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-9 (September 2011) . - p.1002-1011 Titre : The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) – Self-Report. An analysis of its structure in a multiethnic urban adolescent sample Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jörg RICHTER, Auteur ; Ase SAGATUN, Auteur ; Sonja HEYERDAHL, Auteur ; Brit OPPEDAL, Auteur ; Espen ROYSAMB, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p.1002-1011 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Self-report SDQ  factor structure  CFA  adolescents  ethnic minorities Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  The SDQ is currently one of the internationally most frequently used screening instruments for child and adolescent mental health purposes. However, its structure, cross-cultural equivalence, and its applicability in ethnic minority groups is still a matter of discussion. Methods:  SDQ self-report data of 5,379 ethnic Norwegian and 865 ethnic minority adolescents with a variety of national origins was analysed by means of confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Multi-group comparisons considering equal thresholds combined with more in-depth analyses on factor loadings, residuals, composite reliability, and average amount of variance explained by indicators of respective constructs were performed. Results:  CFA suggested a good fit of the five-factor model of the SDQ self-report in the subsample of ethnic Norwegian adolescents and an acceptable fit in ethnic minority subsamples without substantial differences between ethnic Norwegian SDQ data and data of Pakistani or those of ‘other ethnic minority’ adolescents. When assuming equal thresholds between response categories of the items as well as equal factor loadings the structure in the data significantly differed between ethnic Norwegian and both ethnic minority samples. Some factor loadings and some correlations between constructs significantly differed between ethnic Norwegian and both ethnic minority samples. The correlation coefficients between the hyperactivity factor and the conduct problems factor were too high in all three subsamples in order to establish distinct constructs. Composite reliability and average explained variance of the emotional symptoms factor were good in all samples, whereas they were low for some of the other factors. Conclusions:  To some extent the theoretically proposed five-factor structure of the Norwegian version of the SDQ self-report was supported in 15- to 16-year-old adolescents. However, the results of more detailed analyses raise questions about the interpretation of some subscales. When applying this screening method to Norwegian adolescents, our results suggest that the use of the total difficulty score of the SDQ in screening youth should be preferred over the subscale scores. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02372.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=141 [article] The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) – Self-Report. An analysis of its structure in a multiethnic urban adolescent sample [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jörg RICHTER, Auteur ; Ase SAGATUN, Auteur ; Sonja HEYERDAHL, Auteur ; Brit OPPEDAL, Auteur ; Espen ROYSAMB, Auteur . - 2011 . - p.1002-1011. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-9 (September 2011) . - p.1002-1011 Mots-clés : Self-report SDQ  factor structure  CFA  adolescents  ethnic minorities Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  The SDQ is currently one of the internationally most frequently used screening instruments for child and adolescent mental health purposes. However, its structure, cross-cultural equivalence, and its applicability in ethnic minority groups is still a matter of discussion. Methods:  SDQ self-report data of 5,379 ethnic Norwegian and 865 ethnic minority adolescents with a variety of national origins was analysed by means of confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Multi-group comparisons considering equal thresholds combined with more in-depth analyses on factor loadings, residuals, composite reliability, and average amount of variance explained by indicators of respective constructs were performed. Results:  CFA suggested a good fit of the five-factor model of the SDQ self-report in the subsample of ethnic Norwegian adolescents and an acceptable fit in ethnic minority subsamples without substantial differences between ethnic Norwegian SDQ data and data of Pakistani or those of ‘other ethnic minority’ adolescents. When assuming equal thresholds between response categories of the items as well as equal factor loadings the structure in the data significantly differed between ethnic Norwegian and both ethnic minority samples. Some factor loadings and some correlations between constructs significantly differed between ethnic Norwegian and both ethnic minority samples. The correlation coefficients between the hyperactivity factor and the conduct problems factor were too high in all three subsamples in order to establish distinct constructs. Composite reliability and average explained variance of the emotional symptoms factor were good in all samples, whereas they were low for some of the other factors. Conclusions:  To some extent the theoretically proposed five-factor structure of the Norwegian version of the SDQ self-report was supported in 15- to 16-year-old adolescents. However, the results of more detailed analyses raise questions about the interpretation of some subscales. When applying this screening method to Norwegian adolescents, our results suggest that the use of the total difficulty score of the SDQ in screening youth should be preferred over the subscale scores. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02372.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=141

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