Does stereopsis account for the link between motor and social skills in adults? / D. SMITH in Molecular Autism, 9 (2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 9 (2018) . - 55p. Titre : Does stereopsis account for the link between motor and social skills in adults? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : D. SMITH, Auteur ; D. ROPAR, Auteur ; H. A. ALLEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : 55p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Depth perception  Factor analysis  Motor skills  Path analysis  Social skills  Stereoability  Stereopsis  accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national  research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later  amendments or comparable ethical standards. Informed consent was obtained from  all individual participants included in the study.Not applicableThe authors  declare that they have no competing interests.Springer Nature remains neutral  with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional  affiliations. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Experimental and longitudinal evidence suggests that motor proficiency plays an important role in the development of social skills. However, stereopsis, or depth perception, may also play a fundamental role in social skill development either indirectly through its impact on motor skills or through a more direct route. To date, no systematic study has investigated the relationship between social skills and motor ability in the general adult population, and whether poor stereopsis may contribute to this association. This has implications for clinical populations since research has shown associations between motor abnormalities and social skills, as well as reduced depth perception in autism spectrum disorder and developmental coordination disorder. Methods: Six hundred fifty adults completed three validated questionnaires, the stereopsis screening inventory, the Adult Developmental Coordination Disorder Checklist, and the Autism Spectrum Quotient. Results: An exploratory factor analysis on pooled items across all measures revealed 10 factors that were largely composed of items from a single scale, indicating that any co-occurrence of poor stereopsis, reduced motor proficiency, and difficulties with social interaction cannot be attributed to a single underlying mechanism. Correlations between extracted factor scores found associations between motor skill and social skill. Conclusions: Mediation analyses suggested that whilst fine motor skill and coordination explained the relationship between stereopsis and social skill to some extent, stereopsis nonetheless exerted a substantial direct effect upon social skill. This is the first study to demonstrate that the functional significance of stereopsis is not limited to motor ability and may directly impact upon social functioning. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-018-0234-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=371 [article] Does stereopsis account for the link between motor and social skills in adults? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / D. SMITH, Auteur ; D. ROPAR, Auteur ; H. A. ALLEN, Auteur . - 55p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 9 (2018) . - 55p. Mots-clés : Depth perception  Factor analysis  Motor skills  Path analysis  Social skills  Stereoability  Stereopsis  accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national  research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later  amendments or comparable ethical standards. Informed consent was obtained from  all individual participants included in the study.Not applicableThe authors  declare that they have no competing interests.Springer Nature remains neutral  with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional  affiliations. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Experimental and longitudinal evidence suggests that motor proficiency plays an important role in the development of social skills. However, stereopsis, or depth perception, may also play a fundamental role in social skill development either indirectly through its impact on motor skills or through a more direct route. To date, no systematic study has investigated the relationship between social skills and motor ability in the general adult population, and whether poor stereopsis may contribute to this association. This has implications for clinical populations since research has shown associations between motor abnormalities and social skills, as well as reduced depth perception in autism spectrum disorder and developmental coordination disorder. Methods: Six hundred fifty adults completed three validated questionnaires, the stereopsis screening inventory, the Adult Developmental Coordination Disorder Checklist, and the Autism Spectrum Quotient. Results: An exploratory factor analysis on pooled items across all measures revealed 10 factors that were largely composed of items from a single scale, indicating that any co-occurrence of poor stereopsis, reduced motor proficiency, and difficulties with social interaction cannot be attributed to a single underlying mechanism. Correlations between extracted factor scores found associations between motor skill and social skill. Conclusions: Mediation analyses suggested that whilst fine motor skill and coordination explained the relationship between stereopsis and social skill to some extent, stereopsis nonetheless exerted a substantial direct effect upon social skill. This is the first study to demonstrate that the functional significance of stereopsis is not limited to motor ability and may directly impact upon social functioning. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-018-0234-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=371

Predictive Gaze During Observation of Irrational Actions in Adults with Autism Spectrum Conditions / L. E. MARSH in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 45-1 (January 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 45-1 (January 2015) . - p.245-261 Titre : Predictive Gaze During Observation of Irrational Actions in Adults with Autism Spectrum Conditions Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : L. E. MARSH, Auteur ; A. PEARSON, Auteur ; D. ROPAR, Auteur ; Antonia HAMILTON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.245-261 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  Action understanding  Rationality  Eye tracking  Social motivation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Understanding irrational actions may require the observer to make mental state inferences about why an action was performed. Individuals with autism spectrum conditions (ASC) have well documented difficulties with mentalizing; however, the degree to which rationality understanding is impaired in autism is not yet clear. The present study uses eye-tracking to measure online understanding of action rationality in individuals with ASC. Twenty adults with ASC and 20 typically developing controls, matched for age and IQ watched movies of rational and irrational actions while their eye movements were recorded. Measures of looking time, scan path and saccade latency were calculated. Results from looking time and scan path analyses demonstrate that participants with ASC have reduced visual attention to salient action features such as the action goal and the hand performing the action, regardless of action rationality. However, when participants with ASC do attend to these features, they are able to make anticipatory goal saccades as quickly as typically developing controls. Taken together these results indicate that individuals with autism have reduced attention to observed actions, but when attention is maintained, goal prediction is typical. We conclude that the basic mechanisms of action understanding are intact in individuals with ASC although there may be impairment in the top-down, social modulation of eye movements. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-014-2215-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=258 [article] Predictive Gaze During Observation of Irrational Actions in Adults with Autism Spectrum Conditions [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / L. E. MARSH, Auteur ; A. PEARSON, Auteur ; D. ROPAR, Auteur ; Antonia HAMILTON, Auteur . - p.245-261. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 45-1 (January 2015) . - p.245-261 Mots-clés : Autism  Action understanding  Rationality  Eye tracking  Social motivation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Understanding irrational actions may require the observer to make mental state inferences about why an action was performed. Individuals with autism spectrum conditions (ASC) have well documented difficulties with mentalizing; however, the degree to which rationality understanding is impaired in autism is not yet clear. The present study uses eye-tracking to measure online understanding of action rationality in individuals with ASC. Twenty adults with ASC and 20 typically developing controls, matched for age and IQ watched movies of rational and irrational actions while their eye movements were recorded. Measures of looking time, scan path and saccade latency were calculated. Results from looking time and scan path analyses demonstrate that participants with ASC have reduced visual attention to salient action features such as the action goal and the hand performing the action, regardless of action rationality. However, when participants with ASC do attend to these features, they are able to make anticipatory goal saccades as quickly as typically developing controls. Taken together these results indicate that individuals with autism have reduced attention to observed actions, but when attention is maintained, goal prediction is typical. We conclude that the basic mechanisms of action understanding are intact in individuals with ASC although there may be impairment in the top-down, social modulation of eye movements. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-014-2215-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=258

What is the Effect of Stimulus Complexity on Attention to Repeating and Changing Information in Autism? / I. ARORA in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 52-2 (February 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 52-2 (February 2022) . - p.600-616 Titre : What is the Effect of Stimulus Complexity on Attention to Repeating and Changing Information in Autism? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : I. ARORA, Auteur ; A. BELLATO, Auteur ; T. GLIGA, Auteur ; D. ROPAR, Auteur ; P. KOCHHAR, Auteur ; C. HOLLIS, Auteur ; M. GROOM, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.600-616 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent  Attentional Bias  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Autistic Disorder  Child  Humans  Autism  Autistic traits  Eye-tracking  Habituation  Information foraging Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Slower habituation to repeating stimuli characterises Autism, but it is not known whether this is driven by difficulties with information processing or an attentional bias towards sameness. We conducted eye-tracking and presented looming geometrical shapes, clocks with moving arms and smiling faces, as two separate streams of stimuli (one repeating and one changing), to 7-15 years old children and adolescents (n = 103) with Autism, ADHD or co-occurring Autism+ADHD, and neurotypical children (Study-1); and to neurotypical children (n = 64) with varying levels of autistic traits (Study-2). Across both studies, autistic features were associated with longer looks to the repeating stimulus, and shorter looks to the changing stimulus, but only for more complex stimuli, indicating greater difficulty in processing complex or unpredictable information. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-04961-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=455 [article] What is the Effect of Stimulus Complexity on Attention to Repeating and Changing Information in Autism? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / I. ARORA, Auteur ; A. BELLATO, Auteur ; T. GLIGA, Auteur ; D. ROPAR, Auteur ; P. KOCHHAR, Auteur ; C. HOLLIS, Auteur ; M. GROOM, Auteur . - p.600-616. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 52-2 (February 2022) . - p.600-616 Mots-clés : Adolescent  Attentional Bias  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Autistic Disorder  Child  Humans  Autism  Autistic traits  Eye-tracking  Habituation  Information foraging Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Slower habituation to repeating stimuli characterises Autism, but it is not known whether this is driven by difficulties with information processing or an attentional bias towards sameness. We conducted eye-tracking and presented looming geometrical shapes, clocks with moving arms and smiling faces, as two separate streams of stimuli (one repeating and one changing), to 7-15 years old children and adolescents (n = 103) with Autism, ADHD or co-occurring Autism+ADHD, and neurotypical children (Study-1); and to neurotypical children (n = 64) with varying levels of autistic traits (Study-2). Across both studies, autistic features were associated with longer looks to the repeating stimulus, and shorter looks to the changing stimulus, but only for more complex stimuli, indicating greater difficulty in processing complex or unpredictable information. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-04961-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=455

---

1 (1 - 3 / 3)