Bidirectional relationship between eating disorders and autoimmune diseases / A. HEDMAN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 60-7 (July 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 60-7 (July 2019) . - p.803-812 Titre : Bidirectional relationship between eating disorders and autoimmune diseases Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : A. HEDMAN, Auteur ; L. BREITHAUPT, Auteur ; C. HUBEL, Auteur ; L. M. THORNTON, Auteur ; A. TILLANDER, Auteur ; C. NORRING, Auteur ; A. BIRGEGARD, Auteur ; H. LARSSON, Auteur ; J. F. LUDVIGSSON, Auteur ; L. SAVENDAHL, Auteur ; Catarina ALMQVIST, Auteur ; Cynthia M. BULIK, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.803-812 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : anorexia nervosa  autoimmunity  bulimia nervosa  cox regression  hazard  immune system  risk Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Immune system dysfunction may be associated with eating disorders (ED) and could have implications for detection, risk assessment, and treatment of both autoimmune diseases and EDs. However, questions regarding the nature of the relationship between these two disease entities remain. We evaluated the strength of associations for the bidirectional relationships between EDs and autoimmune diseases. METHODS: In this nationwide population-based study, Swedish registers were linked to establish a cohort of more than 2.5 million individuals born in Sweden between January 1, 1979 and December 31, 2005 and followed up until December 2013. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to investigate: (a) subsequent risk of EDs in individuals with autoimmune diseases; and (b) subsequent risk of autoimmune diseases in individuals with EDs. RESULTS: We observed a strong, bidirectional relationship between the two illness classes indicating that diagnosis in one illness class increased the risk of the other. In women, the diagnoses of autoimmune disease increased subsequent hazards of anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), and other eating disorders (OED). Similarly, AN, BN, and OED increased subsequent hazards of autoimmune diseases.Gastrointestinal-related autoimmune diseases such as, celiac disease and Crohn's disease showed a bidirectional relationship with AN and OED. Psoriasis showed a bidirectional relationship with OED. The previous occurence of type 1 diabetes increased the risk for AN, BN, and OED. In men, we did not observe a bidirectional pattern, but prior autoimmune arthritis increased the risk for OED. CONCLUSIONS: The interactions between EDs and autoimmune diseases support the previously reported associations. The bidirectional risk pattern observed in women suggests either a shared mechanism or a third mediating variable contributing to the association of these illnesses. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12958 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=401 [article] Bidirectional relationship between eating disorders and autoimmune diseases [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / A. HEDMAN, Auteur ; L. BREITHAUPT, Auteur ; C. HUBEL, Auteur ; L. M. THORNTON, Auteur ; A. TILLANDER, Auteur ; C. NORRING, Auteur ; A. BIRGEGARD, Auteur ; H. LARSSON, Auteur ; J. F. LUDVIGSSON, Auteur ; L. SAVENDAHL, Auteur ; Catarina ALMQVIST, Auteur ; Cynthia M. BULIK, Auteur . - p.803-812. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 60-7 (July 2019) . - p.803-812 Mots-clés : anorexia nervosa  autoimmunity  bulimia nervosa  cox regression  hazard  immune system  risk Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Immune system dysfunction may be associated with eating disorders (ED) and could have implications for detection, risk assessment, and treatment of both autoimmune diseases and EDs. However, questions regarding the nature of the relationship between these two disease entities remain. We evaluated the strength of associations for the bidirectional relationships between EDs and autoimmune diseases. METHODS: In this nationwide population-based study, Swedish registers were linked to establish a cohort of more than 2.5 million individuals born in Sweden between January 1, 1979 and December 31, 2005 and followed up until December 2013. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to investigate: (a) subsequent risk of EDs in individuals with autoimmune diseases; and (b) subsequent risk of autoimmune diseases in individuals with EDs. RESULTS: We observed a strong, bidirectional relationship between the two illness classes indicating that diagnosis in one illness class increased the risk of the other. In women, the diagnoses of autoimmune disease increased subsequent hazards of anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), and other eating disorders (OED). Similarly, AN, BN, and OED increased subsequent hazards of autoimmune diseases.Gastrointestinal-related autoimmune diseases such as, celiac disease and Crohn's disease showed a bidirectional relationship with AN and OED. Psoriasis showed a bidirectional relationship with OED. The previous occurence of type 1 diabetes increased the risk for AN, BN, and OED. In men, we did not observe a bidirectional pattern, but prior autoimmune arthritis increased the risk for OED. CONCLUSIONS: The interactions between EDs and autoimmune diseases support the previously reported associations. The bidirectional risk pattern observed in women suggests either a shared mechanism or a third mediating variable contributing to the association of these illnesses. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12958 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=401

Birth weight as an independent predictor of ADHD symptoms: a within-twin pair analysis / Erik PETTERSSON in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 56-4 (April 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-4 (April 2015) . - p.453-459 Titre : Birth weight as an independent predictor of ADHD symptoms: a within-twin pair analysis Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Erik PETTERSSON, Auteur ; Arvid SJÖLANDER, Auteur ; Catarina ALMQVIST, Auteur ; Henrik ANCKARSATER, Auteur ; Brian M. D'ONOFRIO, Auteur ; Paul LICHTENSTEIN, Auteur ; Henrik LARSSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.453-459 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ADHD  DSM  birth weight  behavioral genetics  environmental influences Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Studies have found an association between low birth weight and ADHD, but the nature of this relation is unclear. First, it is uncertain whether birth weight is associated with both of the ADHD dimensions, inattentiveness and hyperactivity-impulsivity. Second, it remains uncertain whether the association between birth weight and ADHD symptom severity is confounded by familial factors. Method Parents of all Swedish 9- and 12-year-old twins born between 1992 and 2000 were interviewed for DSM-IV inattentive and hyperactive-impulsive ADHD symptoms by the Autism – Tics, AD/HD and other Comorbidities (A-TAC) inventory (N = 21,775 twins). Birth weight was collected prospectively through the Medical Birth Registry. We used a within-twin pair design to control for genetic and shared environmental factors. Results Reduced birth weight was significantly associated with a mean increase in total ADHD (? = ?.42; 95% CI: ?.53, ?.30), inattentive (? = ?.26; 95% CI: ?.33, ?.19), and hyperactive-impulsive (? = ?.16; 95% CI: ?.22, ?.10) symptom severity. These results imply that a change of one kilogram of birth weight corresponded to parents rating their child nearly one unit higher (going from “no” to “yes, to some extent” on a given symptom) on the total ADHD scale. These associations remained within pairs of MZ and DZ twins, and were also present when restricting the analyses to full term births. Conclusions There is an independent association between low birth weight and all forms of ADHD symptoms, even after controlling for all environmental and genetic confounds shared within twin pairs. These results indicate that fetal growth restriction (as reflected in birth weight differences within twin pairs) and/or the environmental factors which influence it is in the casual pathway leading to ADHD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12299 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260 [article] Birth weight as an independent predictor of ADHD symptoms: a within-twin pair analysis [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Erik PETTERSSON, Auteur ; Arvid SJÖLANDER, Auteur ; Catarina ALMQVIST, Auteur ; Henrik ANCKARSATER, Auteur ; Brian M. D'ONOFRIO, Auteur ; Paul LICHTENSTEIN, Auteur ; Henrik LARSSON, Auteur . - p.453-459. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-4 (April 2015) . - p.453-459 Mots-clés : ADHD  DSM  birth weight  behavioral genetics  environmental influences Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Studies have found an association between low birth weight and ADHD, but the nature of this relation is unclear. First, it is uncertain whether birth weight is associated with both of the ADHD dimensions, inattentiveness and hyperactivity-impulsivity. Second, it remains uncertain whether the association between birth weight and ADHD symptom severity is confounded by familial factors. Method Parents of all Swedish 9- and 12-year-old twins born between 1992 and 2000 were interviewed for DSM-IV inattentive and hyperactive-impulsive ADHD symptoms by the Autism – Tics, AD/HD and other Comorbidities (A-TAC) inventory (N = 21,775 twins). Birth weight was collected prospectively through the Medical Birth Registry. We used a within-twin pair design to control for genetic and shared environmental factors. Results Reduced birth weight was significantly associated with a mean increase in total ADHD (? = ?.42; 95% CI: ?.53, ?.30), inattentive (? = ?.26; 95% CI: ?.33, ?.19), and hyperactive-impulsive (? = ?.16; 95% CI: ?.22, ?.10) symptom severity. These results imply that a change of one kilogram of birth weight corresponded to parents rating their child nearly one unit higher (going from “no” to “yes, to some extent” on a given symptom) on the total ADHD scale. These associations remained within pairs of MZ and DZ twins, and were also present when restricting the analyses to full term births. Conclusions There is an independent association between low birth weight and all forms of ADHD symptoms, even after controlling for all environmental and genetic confounds shared within twin pairs. These results indicate that fetal growth restriction (as reflected in birth weight differences within twin pairs) and/or the environmental factors which influence it is in the casual pathway leading to ADHD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12299 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260

Genetic and environmental contributions to co-occurring physical health conditions in autism spectrum condition and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder / Mark J. TAYLOR ; Henrik LARSSON ; Catarina ALMQVIST ; Paul LICHTENSTEIN ; Sebastian LUNDSTROM ; Sven BÖLTE in Molecular Autism, 14 (2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 14 (2023) . - 17 p. Titre : Genetic and environmental contributions to co-occurring physical health conditions in autism spectrum condition and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Mark J. TAYLOR, Auteur ; Henrik LARSSON, Auteur ; Catarina ALMQVIST, Auteur ; Paul LICHTENSTEIN, Auteur ; Sebastian LUNDSTROM, Auteur ; Sven BÖLTE, Auteur Article en page(s) : 17 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Autism spectrum condition and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are associated with a range of physical health conditions. The aim of this study was to examine the etiological components contributing to co-occurring physical health conditions in autism and ADHD. METHODS: In this nationwide Child and Adolescent Twin Study in Sweden, we analyzed data from 10,347 twin pairs aged 9 and 12. Clinical diagnoses of autism, ADHD, and physical health conditions were identified through the Swedish National Patient Register. Subclinical phenotypes of autism and ADHD were defined by symptom thresholds on a standardized parent-interview, the Autism-Tics, ADHD, and Other Comorbidities inventory. Associations between physical health conditions and autism/ADHD phenotypes were examined using generalized estimating equations. Bivariate twin models were applied to estimate the extent to which genetic and environmental risk factors accounted for physical health comorbidities. RESULTS: Similar patterns of association with physical health conditions were found in clinical and subclinical autism/ADHD, with odds ratios ranging from 1.31 for asthma in subclinical ADHD to 8.03 for epilepsy in clinical autism. The estimated genetic correlation (r(a)) with epilepsy was 0.50 for clinical autism and 0.35 for subclinical autism. In addition, a modest genetic correlation was estimated between clinical autism and constipation (r(a)=0.31), functional diarrhea (r(a)=0.27) as well as mixed gastrointestinal disorders (r(a)=0.30). Genetic effects contributed 0.86 for mixed gastrointestinal disorders in clinical ADHD (r(a)=0.21). Finally, subclinical ADHD shared genetic risk factors with epilepsy, constipation, and mixed gastrointestinal disorders (r(a)=0.30, 0.17, and 0.17, respectively). LIMITATIONS: Importantly, since medical records from primary care were not included in the registry data used, we probably identified only more severe rather than the full range of physical health conditions. Furthermore, it needs to be considered that the higher prevalence of physical health conditions among autistic children and children with ADHD could be associated with the increased number of medical visits. CONCLUSIONS: Shared genetic effects contribute significantly to autism and ADHD phenotypes with the co-occurring physical health conditions across different organ systems, including epilepsy and gastrointestinal disorders. The shared genetic liability with co-occurring physical health conditions was present across different levels of autism and ADHD symptom severity. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-023-00548-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=513 [article] Genetic and environmental contributions to co-occurring physical health conditions in autism spectrum condition and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Mark J. TAYLOR, Auteur ; Henrik LARSSON, Auteur ; Catarina ALMQVIST, Auteur ; Paul LICHTENSTEIN, Auteur ; Sebastian LUNDSTROM, Auteur ; Sven BÖLTE, Auteur . - 17 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 14 (2023) . - 17 p. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Autism spectrum condition and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are associated with a range of physical health conditions. The aim of this study was to examine the etiological components contributing to co-occurring physical health conditions in autism and ADHD. METHODS: In this nationwide Child and Adolescent Twin Study in Sweden, we analyzed data from 10,347 twin pairs aged 9 and 12. Clinical diagnoses of autism, ADHD, and physical health conditions were identified through the Swedish National Patient Register. Subclinical phenotypes of autism and ADHD were defined by symptom thresholds on a standardized parent-interview, the Autism-Tics, ADHD, and Other Comorbidities inventory. Associations between physical health conditions and autism/ADHD phenotypes were examined using generalized estimating equations. Bivariate twin models were applied to estimate the extent to which genetic and environmental risk factors accounted for physical health comorbidities. RESULTS: Similar patterns of association with physical health conditions were found in clinical and subclinical autism/ADHD, with odds ratios ranging from 1.31 for asthma in subclinical ADHD to 8.03 for epilepsy in clinical autism. The estimated genetic correlation (r(a)) with epilepsy was 0.50 for clinical autism and 0.35 for subclinical autism. In addition, a modest genetic correlation was estimated between clinical autism and constipation (r(a)=0.31), functional diarrhea (r(a)=0.27) as well as mixed gastrointestinal disorders (r(a)=0.30). Genetic effects contributed 0.86 for mixed gastrointestinal disorders in clinical ADHD (r(a)=0.21). Finally, subclinical ADHD shared genetic risk factors with epilepsy, constipation, and mixed gastrointestinal disorders (r(a)=0.30, 0.17, and 0.17, respectively). LIMITATIONS: Importantly, since medical records from primary care were not included in the registry data used, we probably identified only more severe rather than the full range of physical health conditions. Furthermore, it needs to be considered that the higher prevalence of physical health conditions among autistic children and children with ADHD could be associated with the increased number of medical visits. CONCLUSIONS: Shared genetic effects contribute significantly to autism and ADHD phenotypes with the co-occurring physical health conditions across different organ systems, including epilepsy and gastrointestinal disorders. The shared genetic liability with co-occurring physical health conditions was present across different levels of autism and ADHD symptom severity. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-023-00548-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=513

Increased Risk for Substance Use-Related Problems in Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Population-Based Cohort Study / Agnieszka BUTWICKA in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 47-1 (January 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 47-1 (January 2017) . - p.80-89 Titre : Increased Risk for Substance Use-Related Problems in Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Population-Based Cohort Study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Agnieszka BUTWICKA, Auteur ; Niklas LANGSTROM, Auteur ; Henrik LARSSON, Auteur ; Sebastian LUNDSTROM, Auteur ; Eva SERLACHIUS, Auteur ; Catarina ALMQVIST, Auteur ; Louise FRISÉN, Auteur ; Paul LICHTENSTEIN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.80-89 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Addiction  ADHD  Intellectual disability  ICD Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Despite limited and ambiguous empirical data, substance use-related problems have been assumed to be rare among patients with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Using Swedish population-based registers we identified 26,986 individuals diagnosed with ASD during 1973–2009, and their 96,557 non-ASD relatives. ASD, without diagnosed comorbidity of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or intellectual disability, was related to a doubled risk of substance use-related problems. The risk of substance use-related problems was the highest among individuals with ASD and ADHD. Further, risks of substance use-related problems were increased among full siblings of ASD probands, half-siblings and parents. We conclude that ASD is a risk factor for substance use-related problems. The elevated risks among relatives of probands with ASD suggest shared familial (genetic and/or shared environmental) liability. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-016-2914-2 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=298 [article] Increased Risk for Substance Use-Related Problems in Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Population-Based Cohort Study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Agnieszka BUTWICKA, Auteur ; Niklas LANGSTROM, Auteur ; Henrik LARSSON, Auteur ; Sebastian LUNDSTROM, Auteur ; Eva SERLACHIUS, Auteur ; Catarina ALMQVIST, Auteur ; Louise FRISÉN, Auteur ; Paul LICHTENSTEIN, Auteur . - p.80-89. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 47-1 (January 2017) . - p.80-89 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Addiction  ADHD  Intellectual disability  ICD Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Despite limited and ambiguous empirical data, substance use-related problems have been assumed to be rare among patients with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Using Swedish population-based registers we identified 26,986 individuals diagnosed with ASD during 1973–2009, and their 96,557 non-ASD relatives. ASD, without diagnosed comorbidity of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or intellectual disability, was related to a doubled risk of substance use-related problems. The risk of substance use-related problems was the highest among individuals with ASD and ADHD. Further, risks of substance use-related problems were increased among full siblings of ASD probands, half-siblings and parents. We conclude that ASD is a risk factor for substance use-related problems. The elevated risks among relatives of probands with ASD suggest shared familial (genetic and/or shared environmental) liability. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-016-2914-2 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=298

Maternal infection requiring hospitalization during pregnancy and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in offspring: a quasi-experimental family-based study / Y. GINSBERG in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 60-2 (February 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 60-2 (February 2019) . - p.160-168 Titre : Maternal infection requiring hospitalization during pregnancy and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in offspring: a quasi-experimental family-based study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Y. GINSBERG, Auteur ; B. M. D'ONOFRIO, Auteur ; M. E. RICKERT, Auteur ; Q. A. CLASS, Auteur ; M. A. ROSENQVIST, Auteur ; Catarina ALMQVIST, Auteur ; P. LICHTENSTEIN, Auteur ; H. LARSSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.160-168 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Maternal infection during pregnancy  attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder  cousin comparisons  familial confounding  quasi-experimental  sibling comparisons Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Maternal infection during pregnancy (IDP) has been associated with increased risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in offspring. However, infection is associated with social adversity, poor living conditions and other background familial factors. As such, there is a need to rule out whether the observed association between maternal IDP and ADHD might be attributed to such confounding. METHODS: This nationwide population-based cohort study using a family-based, quasi-experimental design included 1,066,956 individuals born in Sweden between 1992 and 2002. Data on maternal IDP (bacterial or viral) requiring hospitalization and ADHD diagnosis in offspring were gathered from Swedish National Registers, with individuals followed up through the end of 2009. Ordinary and stratified Cox regression models were used for estimation of hazard ratios (HRs) and several measured covariates were considered. Cousin- and sibling-comparisons accounted for unmeasured genetic and environmental factors shared by cousins and siblings. RESULTS: In the entire population, maternal IDP was associated with ADHD in offspring (HR = 2.31, 95% CI = 2.04-2.61). This association was attenuated when accounting for measured covariates (HR = 1.86, 95% CI = 1.65-2.10). The association was further attenuated when adjusting for unmeasured factors shared between cousins (HR = 1.52, 95% CI = 1.12-2.07). Finally, the association was fully attenuated in sibling comparisons (HR = 1.03, 95% CI = 0.76-1.41). CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that the association between maternal IDP and offspring ADHD is largely due to unmeasured familial confounding. Our results underscore the importance of adjusting for unobserved familial risk factors when exploring risk factors for ADHD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12959 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=381 [article] Maternal infection requiring hospitalization during pregnancy and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in offspring: a quasi-experimental family-based study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Y. GINSBERG, Auteur ; B. M. D'ONOFRIO, Auteur ; M. E. RICKERT, Auteur ; Q. A. CLASS, Auteur ; M. A. ROSENQVIST, Auteur ; Catarina ALMQVIST, Auteur ; P. LICHTENSTEIN, Auteur ; H. LARSSON, Auteur . - p.160-168. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 60-2 (February 2019) . - p.160-168 Mots-clés : Maternal infection during pregnancy  attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder  cousin comparisons  familial confounding  quasi-experimental  sibling comparisons Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Maternal infection during pregnancy (IDP) has been associated with increased risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in offspring. However, infection is associated with social adversity, poor living conditions and other background familial factors. As such, there is a need to rule out whether the observed association between maternal IDP and ADHD might be attributed to such confounding. METHODS: This nationwide population-based cohort study using a family-based, quasi-experimental design included 1,066,956 individuals born in Sweden between 1992 and 2002. Data on maternal IDP (bacterial or viral) requiring hospitalization and ADHD diagnosis in offspring were gathered from Swedish National Registers, with individuals followed up through the end of 2009. Ordinary and stratified Cox regression models were used for estimation of hazard ratios (HRs) and several measured covariates were considered. Cousin- and sibling-comparisons accounted for unmeasured genetic and environmental factors shared by cousins and siblings. RESULTS: In the entire population, maternal IDP was associated with ADHD in offspring (HR = 2.31, 95% CI = 2.04-2.61). This association was attenuated when accounting for measured covariates (HR = 1.86, 95% CI = 1.65-2.10). The association was further attenuated when adjusting for unmeasured factors shared between cousins (HR = 1.52, 95% CI = 1.12-2.07). Finally, the association was fully attenuated in sibling comparisons (HR = 1.03, 95% CI = 0.76-1.41). CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that the association between maternal IDP and offspring ADHD is largely due to unmeasured familial confounding. Our results underscore the importance of adjusting for unobserved familial risk factors when exploring risk factors for ADHD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12959 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=381

Shared familial risk factors between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and overweight/obesity – a population-based familial coaggregation study in Sweden / Qi CHEN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58-6 (June 2017)  

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