An Eye-Movement Study of relational Memory in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder / Melanie RING in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 47-10 (October 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 47-10 (October 2017) . - p.2981-2991 Titre : An Eye-Movement Study of relational Memory in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Melanie RING, Auteur ; Dermot M. BOWLER, Auteur ; Sebastian B. GAIGG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2981-2991 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Implicit and explicit memory  Relational memory  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Eye movements  Encoding and retrieval Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Persons with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) demonstrate good memory for single items but difficulties remembering contextual information related to these items. Recently, we found compromised explicit but intact implicit retrieval of object-location information in ASD (Ring et al. Autism Res 8(5):609–619, 2015). Eye-movement data collected from a sub-sample of the participants are the focus of the current paper. At encoding, trial-by-trial viewing durations predicted subsequent retrieval success only in typically developing (TD) participants. During retrieval, TD compared to ASD participants looked significantly longer at previously studied object-locations compared to alternative locations. These findings extend similar observations recently reported by Cooper et al. (Cognition 159:127–138, 2017a) and demonstrate that eye-movement data can shed important light on the source and nature of relational memory difficulties in ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-017-3212-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=319 [article] An Eye-Movement Study of relational Memory in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Melanie RING, Auteur ; Dermot M. BOWLER, Auteur ; Sebastian B. GAIGG, Auteur . - p.2981-2991. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 47-10 (October 2017) . - p.2981-2991 Mots-clés : Implicit and explicit memory  Relational memory  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Eye movements  Encoding and retrieval Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Persons with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) demonstrate good memory for single items but difficulties remembering contextual information related to these items. Recently, we found compromised explicit but intact implicit retrieval of object-location information in ASD (Ring et al. Autism Res 8(5):609–619, 2015). Eye-movement data collected from a sub-sample of the participants are the focus of the current paper. At encoding, trial-by-trial viewing durations predicted subsequent retrieval success only in typically developing (TD) participants. During retrieval, TD compared to ASD participants looked significantly longer at previously studied object-locations compared to alternative locations. These findings extend similar observations recently reported by Cooper et al. (Cognition 159:127–138, 2017a) and demonstrate that eye-movement data can shed important light on the source and nature of relational memory difficulties in ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-017-3212-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=319

Arousal-modulated memory encoding and retrieval in adults with autism spectrum disorder / Nico BAST in Autism Research, 15-9 (September 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 15-9 (September 2022) . - p.1609-1620 Titre : Arousal-modulated memory encoding and retrieval in adults with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Nico BAST, Auteur ; Sebastian B. GAIGG, Auteur ; Dermot M. BOWLER, Auteur ; Veit ROESSNER, Auteur ; Christine M. FREITAG, Auteur ; Melanie RING, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1609-1620 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult  Arousal/physiology  Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications  Humans  Locus Coeruleus  Pupil/physiology  Recognition, Psychology  Asd  locus coeruleus-norepinephrine system  memory  pupillometry Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Recently, we have shown that pupil dilation during a recognition memory task can serve as an index of memory retrieval difficulties in autism. At the time of publication, we were unaware of specific data-analysis methods that can be used to shed further light on the origins of such memory related pupil dilation. Specifically, by distinguishing "tonic" from "phasic" changes in pupil dilation and considering their temporal progression, it is possible to draw inferences about the functional integrity of a locus coeruleus-norepinephrine system (LC-NE) that is known to play a key role in regulating memory encoding and retrieval processes. We therefore apply these analyses to our previously published eye-tracking data of adults with ASD (N = 24) and neurotypical development (TD, N = 30) during the recognition memory task. In this re-analysis, we related pupil dilation during encoding and retrieval to recognition accuracy in a per-trial analysis of linear mixed models. In ASD, we replicated attenuated recognition accuracy, which was accompanied by attenuated pupil dilation during encoding and retrieval. Group differences in pupil dilation during retrieval occurred late during the trial (after 1.75s) and indicated an altered top-down processing like attenuated attribution of semantic salience in response to previously encoded stimuli. In addition, only in the ASD group were higher pupil dilation during encoding and lower pupil dilation during retrieval associated with decreased recognition accuracy. This supports altered modulation of memory encoding and retrieval in ASD, with LC-NE phasic activity as promising underlying mechanism. LAY SUMMARY: We investigated the changes of pupil size during memory testing in autism spectrum disorder. Adults with ASD remembered fewer items correctly than neurotypical individuals (TD). This reduced memory was related to increased pupillary responses at study and decreased pupil dilation at test only for adults with ASD indicating a different modulation of memory by the locus coeruleus. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2784 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=483 [article] Arousal-modulated memory encoding and retrieval in adults with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Nico BAST, Auteur ; Sebastian B. GAIGG, Auteur ; Dermot M. BOWLER, Auteur ; Veit ROESSNER, Auteur ; Christine M. FREITAG, Auteur ; Melanie RING, Auteur . - p.1609-1620. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 15-9 (September 2022) . - p.1609-1620 Mots-clés : Adult  Arousal/physiology  Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications  Humans  Locus Coeruleus  Pupil/physiology  Recognition, Psychology  Asd  locus coeruleus-norepinephrine system  memory  pupillometry Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Recently, we have shown that pupil dilation during a recognition memory task can serve as an index of memory retrieval difficulties in autism. At the time of publication, we were unaware of specific data-analysis methods that can be used to shed further light on the origins of such memory related pupil dilation. Specifically, by distinguishing "tonic" from "phasic" changes in pupil dilation and considering their temporal progression, it is possible to draw inferences about the functional integrity of a locus coeruleus-norepinephrine system (LC-NE) that is known to play a key role in regulating memory encoding and retrieval processes. We therefore apply these analyses to our previously published eye-tracking data of adults with ASD (N = 24) and neurotypical development (TD, N = 30) during the recognition memory task. In this re-analysis, we related pupil dilation during encoding and retrieval to recognition accuracy in a per-trial analysis of linear mixed models. In ASD, we replicated attenuated recognition accuracy, which was accompanied by attenuated pupil dilation during encoding and retrieval. Group differences in pupil dilation during retrieval occurred late during the trial (after 1.75s) and indicated an altered top-down processing like attenuated attribution of semantic salience in response to previously encoded stimuli. In addition, only in the ASD group were higher pupil dilation during encoding and lower pupil dilation during retrieval associated with decreased recognition accuracy. This supports altered modulation of memory encoding and retrieval in ASD, with LC-NE phasic activity as promising underlying mechanism. LAY SUMMARY: We investigated the changes of pupil size during memory testing in autism spectrum disorder. Adults with ASD remembered fewer items correctly than neurotypical individuals (TD). This reduced memory was related to increased pupillary responses at study and decreased pupil dilation at test only for adults with ASD indicating a different modulation of memory by the locus coeruleus. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2784 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=483

Examining a model of anxiety in autistic adults / Saskia RIEDELBAUCH in Autism, 28-3 (March 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 28-3 (March 2024) . - p.565-579 Titre : Examining a model of anxiety in autistic adults Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Saskia RIEDELBAUCH, Auteur ; Sebastian B. GAIGG, Auteur ; Tobias THIEL, Auteur ; Veit ROESSNER, Auteur ; Melanie RING, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.565-579 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : alexithymia  anxiety  autism  emotion regulation  intolerance of uncertainty  sensory processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Anxiety disorders commonly occur in autism. Existing studies implicate intolerance of uncertainty, alexithymia, sensory processing differences and emotion regulation difficulties as influencing factors of anxiety in autism. To date, a few studies have considered the combination of these factors within the same sample. This study used structural equation modelling to test the prediction that intolerance of uncertainty and emotion regulation constitute more direct causes of anxiety in autism that mediate the influences of sensory processing difference and alexithymia as more sequential contributing factors. Autistic (n = 86) and non-autistic adults (n = 100) completed a battery of self-report questionnaires. Only when applied to each group separately, the broad predictions of the model were confirmed for the autistic group following data-driven additions of paths between sensory processing difference and anxiety and alexithymia implying that sensory processing difference contribute indirectly as well as directly to individual differences in anxiety. For the non-autistic group, model fit could only be achieved after removing autism-related traits and sensory processing differences as predictors of anxiety. These results suggest that aetiology and expression of anxiety in autism partially overlap with what is observed in the general population except that sensory processing differences appear to play a relatively unique role in the context of autism. Lay abstract Anxiety disorders are common in autism. Research studies have identified factors that influence anxiety in autism, such as difficulties with uncertain situations, difficulties understanding own emotions, differences in processing sensory input (related to our senses) and difficulties regulating emotions. To date, a few studies have considered the combination of these factors within the same sample. This study used structural equation modelling to test the contribution of these factors in autism. Autistic (n = 86) and non-autistic adults (n = 100) completed a battery of self-report questionnaires. Only when applied to each group separately, the broad predictions of the model were confirmed for the autistic group. The model confirmed that difficulties with uncertain situations and in regulating emotions play a central role in anxiety in autism. Difficulties understanding own emotions and differences in processing sensory input both contribute to anxiety indirectly through their respective interrelation with the other two factors (difficulties with uncertain situations and in regulating emotions). Importantly, the results imply that sensory processing differences contribute not only indirectly but also directly to individual differences in anxiety. For the non-autistic group, model fit could only be achieved after removing autism-related traits and sensory processing differences as predictors of anxiety. These results suggest that cause/development and expression of anxiety in autism partially overlap with what is observed in the general population except that sensory processing differences appear to play a relatively unique role in the context of autism. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231177777 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=523 [article] Examining a model of anxiety in autistic adults [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Saskia RIEDELBAUCH, Auteur ; Sebastian B. GAIGG, Auteur ; Tobias THIEL, Auteur ; Veit ROESSNER, Auteur ; Melanie RING, Auteur . - p.565-579. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 28-3 (March 2024) . - p.565-579 Mots-clés : alexithymia  anxiety  autism  emotion regulation  intolerance of uncertainty  sensory processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Anxiety disorders commonly occur in autism. Existing studies implicate intolerance of uncertainty, alexithymia, sensory processing differences and emotion regulation difficulties as influencing factors of anxiety in autism. To date, a few studies have considered the combination of these factors within the same sample. This study used structural equation modelling to test the prediction that intolerance of uncertainty and emotion regulation constitute more direct causes of anxiety in autism that mediate the influences of sensory processing difference and alexithymia as more sequential contributing factors. Autistic (n = 86) and non-autistic adults (n = 100) completed a battery of self-report questionnaires. Only when applied to each group separately, the broad predictions of the model were confirmed for the autistic group following data-driven additions of paths between sensory processing difference and anxiety and alexithymia implying that sensory processing difference contribute indirectly as well as directly to individual differences in anxiety. For the non-autistic group, model fit could only be achieved after removing autism-related traits and sensory processing differences as predictors of anxiety. These results suggest that aetiology and expression of anxiety in autism partially overlap with what is observed in the general population except that sensory processing differences appear to play a relatively unique role in the context of autism. Lay abstract Anxiety disorders are common in autism. Research studies have identified factors that influence anxiety in autism, such as difficulties with uncertain situations, difficulties understanding own emotions, differences in processing sensory input (related to our senses) and difficulties regulating emotions. To date, a few studies have considered the combination of these factors within the same sample. This study used structural equation modelling to test the contribution of these factors in autism. Autistic (n = 86) and non-autistic adults (n = 100) completed a battery of self-report questionnaires. Only when applied to each group separately, the broad predictions of the model were confirmed for the autistic group. The model confirmed that difficulties with uncertain situations and in regulating emotions play a central role in anxiety in autism. Difficulties understanding own emotions and differences in processing sensory input both contribute to anxiety indirectly through their respective interrelation with the other two factors (difficulties with uncertain situations and in regulating emotions). Importantly, the results imply that sensory processing differences contribute not only indirectly but also directly to individual differences in anxiety. For the non-autistic group, model fit could only be achieved after removing autism-related traits and sensory processing differences as predictors of anxiety. These results suggest that cause/development and expression of anxiety in autism partially overlap with what is observed in the general population except that sensory processing differences appear to play a relatively unique role in the context of autism. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231177777 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=523

Introduction to the Special Collection on "Memory in Autism Spectrum Disorder" / Melanie RING in Autism Research, 13-11 (November 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-11 (November 2020) . - p.1913-1914 Titre : Introduction to the Special Collection on "Memory in Autism Spectrum Disorder" Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Melanie RING, Auteur ; Marjorie SOLOMON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1913-1914 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2426 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=433 [article] Introduction to the Special Collection on "Memory in Autism Spectrum Disorder" [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Melanie RING, Auteur ; Marjorie SOLOMON, Auteur . - p.1913-1914. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-11 (November 2020) . - p.1913-1914 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2426 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=433

Object-location memory in adults with autism spectrum disorder / Melanie RING in Autism Research, 8-5 (October 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 8-5 (October 2015) . - p.609-619 Titre : Object-location memory in adults with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Melanie RING, Auteur ; Sebastian B. GAIGG, Auteur ; Dermot M. BOWLER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.609-619 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : explicit relational memory  implicit relational memory  Autism Spectrum Disorder  recognition memory  source memory  task support hypothesis  process-dissociation procedure Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study tested implicit and explicit spatial relational memory in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Participants were asked to study pictures of rooms and pictures of daily objects for which locations were highlighted in the rooms. Participants were later tested for their memory of the object locations either by being asked to place objects back into their original locations or into new locations. Proportions of times when participants choose the previously studied locations for the objects irrespective of the instruction were used to derive indices of explicit and implicit memory [process-dissociation procedure, Jacoby, 1991, 1998]. In addition, participants performed object and location recognition and source memory tasks where they were asked about which locations belonged to the objects and which objects to the locations. The data revealed difficulty for ASD individuals in actively retrieving object locations (explicit memory) but not in subconsciously remembering them (implicit memory). These difficulties cannot be explained by difficulties in memory for objects or locations per se (i.e., the difficulty pertains to object-location relations). Together these observations lend further support to the idea that ASD is characterised by relatively circumscribed difficulties in relational rather than item-specific memory processes and show that these difficulties extend to the domain of spatial information. They also lend further support to the idea that memory difficulties in ASD can be reduced when support is provided at test. Autism Res 2015, 8: 609–619. © 2015 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1478 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=270 [article] Object-location memory in adults with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Melanie RING, Auteur ; Sebastian B. GAIGG, Auteur ; Dermot M. BOWLER, Auteur . - p.609-619. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 8-5 (October 2015) . - p.609-619 Mots-clés : explicit relational memory  implicit relational memory  Autism Spectrum Disorder  recognition memory  source memory  task support hypothesis  process-dissociation procedure Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study tested implicit and explicit spatial relational memory in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Participants were asked to study pictures of rooms and pictures of daily objects for which locations were highlighted in the rooms. Participants were later tested for their memory of the object locations either by being asked to place objects back into their original locations or into new locations. Proportions of times when participants choose the previously studied locations for the objects irrespective of the instruction were used to derive indices of explicit and implicit memory [process-dissociation procedure, Jacoby, 1991, 1998]. In addition, participants performed object and location recognition and source memory tasks where they were asked about which locations belonged to the objects and which objects to the locations. The data revealed difficulty for ASD individuals in actively retrieving object locations (explicit memory) but not in subconsciously remembering them (implicit memory). These difficulties cannot be explained by difficulties in memory for objects or locations per se (i.e., the difficulty pertains to object-location relations). Together these observations lend further support to the idea that ASD is characterised by relatively circumscribed difficulties in relational rather than item-specific memory processes and show that these difficulties extend to the domain of spatial information. They also lend further support to the idea that memory difficulties in ASD can be reduced when support is provided at test. Autism Res 2015, 8: 609–619. © 2015 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1478 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=270

A Physiological Marker of Recognition Memory in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder? - The Pupil Old/New Effect / Melanie RING in Autism Research, 13-4 (April 2020)  

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Relational Memory Processes in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder / Melanie RING in Autism Research, 9-1 (January 2016)  

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Short-Term Memory Span and Cross-Modality Integration in Younger and Older Adults With and Without Autism Spectrum Disorder / Melanie RING in Autism Research, 13-11 (November 2020)  

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Spatial navigation from same and different directions: The role of executive functions, memory and attention in adults with autism spectrum disorder / Melanie RING in Autism Research, 11-5 (May 2018)  

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The impact of depressive and anxious symptoms on quality of life in adults on the autism spectrum / Tobias THIEL in Autism Research, 17-5 (May 2024)  

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The impact of depressive and anxious symptoms on quality of life in adults on the autism spectrum / Saskia RIEDELBAUCH ; Sebastian GAIGG ; Veit ROESSNER ; Melanie RING in Autism Research, 17-6 (June 2024)  

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