Callous–unemotional traits affect adolescents' perception of collaboration / Christine FAWCETT in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 57-12 (December 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-12 (December 2016) . - p.1400-1406 Titre : Callous–unemotional traits affect adolescents' perception of collaboration Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Christine FAWCETT, Auteur ; Victoria WESEVICH, Auteur ; Erik TRUEDSSON, Auteur ; Cecilia WÃ…HLSTEDT, Auteur ; Gustaf GREDEBACK, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1400-1406 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Callous–unemotional traits  social cognition  eye movement  adolescence Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background How is the perception of collaboration influenced by individual characteristics, in particular high levels of callous–unemotional (CU) traits? CU traits are associated with low empathy and endorsement of negative social goals such as dominance and forced respect. Thus, it is possible that they could relate to difficulties in interpreting that others are collaborating based on a shared goal. Methods In the current study, a community sample of 15- to 16-year olds participated in an eye tracking task measuring whether they expect that others engaged in an action sequence are collaborating, depending on the emotion they display toward each other. Positive emotion would indicate that they share a goal, while negative emotion would indicate that they hold individual goals. Results When the actors showed positive emotion toward each other, expectations of collaboration varied with CU traits. The higher adolescents were on CU traits, the less likely they were to expect collaboration. When the actors showed negative emotion toward each other, CU traits did not influence expectations of collaboration. Conclusions The findings suggest that CU traits are associated with difficulty in perceiving positive social interactions, which could further contribute to the behavioral and emotional problems common to those with high CU traits. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12588 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=297 [article] Callous–unemotional traits affect adolescents' perception of collaboration [texte imprimé] / Christine FAWCETT, Auteur ; Victoria WESEVICH, Auteur ; Erik TRUEDSSON, Auteur ; Cecilia WÃ…HLSTEDT, Auteur ; Gustaf GREDEBACK, Auteur . - p.1400-1406. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-12 (December 2016) . - p.1400-1406 Mots-clés : Callous–unemotional traits  social cognition  eye movement  adolescence Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background How is the perception of collaboration influenced by individual characteristics, in particular high levels of callous–unemotional (CU) traits? CU traits are associated with low empathy and endorsement of negative social goals such as dominance and forced respect. Thus, it is possible that they could relate to difficulties in interpreting that others are collaborating based on a shared goal. Methods In the current study, a community sample of 15- to 16-year olds participated in an eye tracking task measuring whether they expect that others engaged in an action sequence are collaborating, depending on the emotion they display toward each other. Positive emotion would indicate that they share a goal, while negative emotion would indicate that they hold individual goals. Results When the actors showed positive emotion toward each other, expectations of collaboration varied with CU traits. The higher adolescents were on CU traits, the less likely they were to expect collaboration. When the actors showed negative emotion toward each other, CU traits did not influence expectations of collaboration. Conclusions The findings suggest that CU traits are associated with difficulty in perceiving positive social interactions, which could further contribute to the behavioral and emotional problems common to those with high CU traits. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12588 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=297

Challenges with shifting, regardless of disengagement: attention mechanisms and eye movements in Williams syndrome / Astrid HALLMAN in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 17 (2025)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 17 (2025) Titre : Challenges with shifting, regardless of disengagement: attention mechanisms and eye movements in Williams syndrome Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Astrid HALLMAN, Auteur ; Charlotte WILLFORS, Auteur ; Christine FAWCETT, Auteur ; Matilda A. FRICK, Auteur ; Ann NORDGREN, Auteur ; Johan Lundin KLEBERG, Auteur Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Eye tracking  Intellectual disability  Orienting attention  Phasic alerting effect  Pupil dilation  Shifting attention  Visual disengagement  Williams syndrome  in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and received approval from the  Regional Ethics Committee of Stockholm, Sweden (dnr 2018/1218-31 with subsequent  amendments). Informed consents were collected from the participants and/or their  legal guardians. Informed assent was obtained from all participants who were able  to assent. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The  authors declare no competing interests. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: People with Williams syndrome (WS) face challenges in various areas of cognitive processing, including attention. Previous studies suggest that these challenges are particularly pronounced when disengagement of attention from a previously attended stimulus is required, as compared to shifting attention without the need to disengage. Difficulties with attention could in turn be implicated in several of the behavioral characteristics of WS. Here, disengagement and shifting of visual attention, together with pupil dilation, were independently assessed in one of the largest eye-tracking studies of WS to date. METHODS: We investigated shifting, disengagement, and the effects of auditory alerting cues on pupil dilation in WS individuals (n = 45, age range = 9–58 years), non-WS individuals with intellectual disability (ID) (n = 36, age range = 6–59 years), and typically developed (TD) infants (n = 32, age range = 6–7 months), children and adults (n = 31, age range = 9–60 years), using a modified gap-overlap task. Data were analyzed using linear mixed-effect models (LMMs). RESULTS: Individuals with WS were less likely to shift their attention to upcoming targets than TD individuals (all ages), but more likely than the ID group to do so. When they did shift attention, participants with WS and ID were slower to initiate a gaze shift than TD participants regardless of whether disengagement was needed. In the WS group, failure to shift attention was strongly predicted by higher arousal (pupil dilation), which was induced by auditory alerting cues. CONCLUSIONS: Contrasting with previous theories of attention in WS, we found no evidence for a specific challenge in disengaging attention. Instead, our results point to a more general challenge in shifting attention. Reduced attention shifting in WS may be partly explained by atypical arousal regulation. These results contribute to our understanding of the WS phenotype. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s11689-025-09639-z. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-025-09639-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=576 [article] Challenges with shifting, regardless of disengagement: attention mechanisms and eye movements in Williams syndrome [texte imprimé] / Astrid HALLMAN, Auteur ; Charlotte WILLFORS, Auteur ; Christine FAWCETT, Auteur ; Matilda A. FRICK, Auteur ; Ann NORDGREN, Auteur ; Johan Lundin KLEBERG, Auteur. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 17 (2025) Mots-clés : Eye tracking  Intellectual disability  Orienting attention  Phasic alerting effect  Pupil dilation  Shifting attention  Visual disengagement  Williams syndrome  in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and received approval from the  Regional Ethics Committee of Stockholm, Sweden (dnr 2018/1218-31 with subsequent  amendments). Informed consents were collected from the participants and/or their  legal guardians. Informed assent was obtained from all participants who were able  to assent. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The  authors declare no competing interests. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: People with Williams syndrome (WS) face challenges in various areas of cognitive processing, including attention. Previous studies suggest that these challenges are particularly pronounced when disengagement of attention from a previously attended stimulus is required, as compared to shifting attention without the need to disengage. Difficulties with attention could in turn be implicated in several of the behavioral characteristics of WS. Here, disengagement and shifting of visual attention, together with pupil dilation, were independently assessed in one of the largest eye-tracking studies of WS to date. METHODS: We investigated shifting, disengagement, and the effects of auditory alerting cues on pupil dilation in WS individuals (n = 45, age range = 9–58 years), non-WS individuals with intellectual disability (ID) (n = 36, age range = 6–59 years), and typically developed (TD) infants (n = 32, age range = 6–7 months), children and adults (n = 31, age range = 9–60 years), using a modified gap-overlap task. Data were analyzed using linear mixed-effect models (LMMs). RESULTS: Individuals with WS were less likely to shift their attention to upcoming targets than TD individuals (all ages), but more likely than the ID group to do so. When they did shift attention, participants with WS and ID were slower to initiate a gaze shift than TD participants regardless of whether disengagement was needed. In the WS group, failure to shift attention was strongly predicted by higher arousal (pupil dilation), which was induced by auditory alerting cues. CONCLUSIONS: Contrasting with previous theories of attention in WS, we found no evidence for a specific challenge in disengaging attention. Instead, our results point to a more general challenge in shifting attention. Reduced attention shifting in WS may be partly explained by atypical arousal regulation. These results contribute to our understanding of the WS phenotype. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s11689-025-09639-z. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-025-09639-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=576

Williams syndrome: reduced orienting to other?s eyes in a hypersocial phenotype / Johan LUNDIN KLEBERG in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 53-7 (July 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 53-7 (July 2023) . - p.2786-2797 Titre : Williams syndrome: reduced orienting to other?s eyes in a hypersocial phenotype Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Johan LUNDIN KLEBERG, Auteur ; Deborah M. RIBY, Auteur ; Christine FAWCETT, Auteur ; Hanna BJÖRLIN AVDIC, Auteur ; Matilda A. FRICK, Auteur ; Karin C. BROCKI, Auteur ; Jens HÖGSTRÖM, Auteur ; Eva SERLACHIUS, Auteur ; Ann NORDGREN, Auteur ; Charlotte WILLFORS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2786-2797 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Williams syndrome (WS) is a rare genetic condition associated with high sociability, intellectual disability, and social cognitive challenges. Attention to others' eyes is crucial for social understanding. Orienting to, and from other?s eyes was studied in WS (n 37, mean age 23, age range 9-53). The WS group was compared to a typically developing comparison participants (n 167) in stratified age groups from infancy to adulthood. Typically developing children and adults were quicker and more likely to orient to eyes than the mouth. This bias was absent in WS. The WS group had reduced peak saccadic velocities, indicating hypo-arousal. The current study indicates reduced orienting to others' eyes in WS, which may affect social interaction skills. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-022-05563-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=508 [article] Williams syndrome: reduced orienting to other?s eyes in a hypersocial phenotype [texte imprimé] / Johan LUNDIN KLEBERG, Auteur ; Deborah M. RIBY, Auteur ; Christine FAWCETT, Auteur ; Hanna BJÖRLIN AVDIC, Auteur ; Matilda A. FRICK, Auteur ; Karin C. BROCKI, Auteur ; Jens HÖGSTRÖM, Auteur ; Eva SERLACHIUS, Auteur ; Ann NORDGREN, Auteur ; Charlotte WILLFORS, Auteur . - p.2786-2797. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 53-7 (July 2023) . - p.2786-2797 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Williams syndrome (WS) is a rare genetic condition associated with high sociability, intellectual disability, and social cognitive challenges. Attention to others' eyes is crucial for social understanding. Orienting to, and from other?s eyes was studied in WS (n 37, mean age 23, age range 9-53). The WS group was compared to a typically developing comparison participants (n 167) in stratified age groups from infancy to adulthood. Typically developing children and adults were quicker and more likely to orient to eyes than the mouth. This bias was absent in WS. The WS group had reduced peak saccadic velocities, indicating hypo-arousal. The current study indicates reduced orienting to others' eyes in WS, which may affect social interaction skills. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-022-05563-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=508

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