In the eye of the beholder: Perceptions of neighborhood adversity and psychotic experiences in adolescence / Joanne B. NEWBURY in Development and Psychopathology, 29-5 (December 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 29-5 (December 2017) . - p.1823-1837 Titre : In the eye of the beholder: Perceptions of neighborhood adversity and psychotic experiences in adolescence Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Joanne B. NEWBURY, Auteur ; Louise ARSENEAULT, Auteur ; Avshalom CASPI, Auteur ; Terrie E. MOFFITT, Auteur ; Candice L. ODGERS, Auteur ; Jessie R. BALDWIN, Auteur ; Helena M. S. ZAVOS, Auteur ; Helen L. FISHER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1823-1837 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Adolescent psychotic experiences increase risk for schizophrenia and other severe psychopathology in adulthood. Converging evidence implicates urban and adverse neighborhood conditions in the etiology of adolescent psychotic experiences, but the role of young people's personal perceptions of disorder (i.e., physical and social signs of threat) in their neighborhood is unknown. This was examined using data from the Environmental Risk Longitudinal Twin Study, a nationally representative birth cohort of 2,232 British twins. Participants were interviewed at age 18 about psychotic phenomena and perceptions of disorder in the neighborhood. Multilevel, longitudinal, and genetically sensitive analyses investigated the association between perceptions of neighborhood disorder and adolescent psychotic experiences. Adolescents who perceived higher levels of neighborhood disorder were significantly more likely to have psychotic experiences, even after accounting for objectively/independently measured levels of crime and disorder, neighborhood- and family-level socioeconomic status, family psychiatric history, adolescent substance and mood problems, and childhood psychotic symptoms: odds ratio = 1.62, 95% confidence interval [1.27, 2.05], p < .001. The phenotypic overlap between adolescent psychotic experiences and perceptions of neighborhood disorder was explained by overlapping common environmental influences, rC = .88, 95% confidence interval [0.26, 1.00]. Findings suggest that early psychological interventions to prevent adolescent psychotic experiences should explore the role of young people's (potentially modifiable) perceptions of threatening neighborhood conditions. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579417001420 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=324 [article] In the eye of the beholder: Perceptions of neighborhood adversity and psychotic experiences in adolescence [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Joanne B. NEWBURY, Auteur ; Louise ARSENEAULT, Auteur ; Avshalom CASPI, Auteur ; Terrie E. MOFFITT, Auteur ; Candice L. ODGERS, Auteur ; Jessie R. BALDWIN, Auteur ; Helena M. S. ZAVOS, Auteur ; Helen L. FISHER, Auteur . - p.1823-1837. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 29-5 (December 2017) . - p.1823-1837 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Adolescent psychotic experiences increase risk for schizophrenia and other severe psychopathology in adulthood. Converging evidence implicates urban and adverse neighborhood conditions in the etiology of adolescent psychotic experiences, but the role of young people's personal perceptions of disorder (i.e., physical and social signs of threat) in their neighborhood is unknown. This was examined using data from the Environmental Risk Longitudinal Twin Study, a nationally representative birth cohort of 2,232 British twins. Participants were interviewed at age 18 about psychotic phenomena and perceptions of disorder in the neighborhood. Multilevel, longitudinal, and genetically sensitive analyses investigated the association between perceptions of neighborhood disorder and adolescent psychotic experiences. Adolescents who perceived higher levels of neighborhood disorder were significantly more likely to have psychotic experiences, even after accounting for objectively/independently measured levels of crime and disorder, neighborhood- and family-level socioeconomic status, family psychiatric history, adolescent substance and mood problems, and childhood psychotic symptoms: odds ratio = 1.62, 95% confidence interval [1.27, 2.05], p < .001. The phenotypic overlap between adolescent psychotic experiences and perceptions of neighborhood disorder was explained by overlapping common environmental influences, rC = .88, 95% confidence interval [0.26, 1.00]. Findings suggest that early psychological interventions to prevent adolescent psychotic experiences should explore the role of young people's (potentially modifiable) perceptions of threatening neighborhood conditions. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579417001420 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=324

Initiation and stability of self-harm in adolescence and early adulthood: investigating social and aetiological factors in twins / Yasmin I. AHMADZADEH ; Olakunle A. OGINNI ; Jean-Baptiste PINGAULT ; Thomas A. MCADAMS ; Helena M. S. ZAVOS in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 66-6 (June 2025)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 66-6 (June 2025) . - p.857-867 Titre : Initiation and stability of self-harm in adolescence and early adulthood: investigating social and aetiological factors in twins Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Yasmin I. AHMADZADEH, Auteur ; Olakunle A. OGINNI, Auteur ; Jean-Baptiste PINGAULT, Auteur ; Thomas A. MCADAMS, Auteur ; Helena M. S. ZAVOS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.857-867 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Self-harm  twins  aetiology  age of initiation  bullying  socio-demographic factors Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Almost one in five (18.8%) UK adolescents are estimated to self-harm and many young people initiate self-harm early (average age 13?years). Prevention of self-harm should be informed by knowledge about risk factors (e.g. socio-demographic indices), characteristics (i.e. motivation for self-harm and help-seeking behaviours), as well as relative aetiological genetic and environmental processes. Previous twin studies evidence both genetic and environmental influences on self-harm. However, to date, there has been no genetically informed research on self-harm aetiology across development, nor studies identifying risk factors for initiating self-harm at a younger age. Methods We examined self-harm in the Twins Early Development Study, a birth cohort twin study. Using clustered regression models, we tested associations of socio-demographic factors and victimisation with lifetime self-harm and age of self-harm initiation, both reported at 21. To investigate stability and/or change in genetic and environmental influences on self-harm we interpreted a multivariate Cholesky decomposition across ages ?16, 21, and 26. Results Self-harm was more common in adolescence than early adulthood, and the incidence of self-harm in early adulthood was low (1.4%). The most common motivation for self-harm was ?to get relief from a terrible state of mind? (83.4%). Independent predictors of self-harm and earlier initiation of self-harm were being female, belonging to a gender and/or sexual minority group, and experience of bullying victimisation. Sexual minority status was still significantly associated with self-harm after controlling for familial factors in co-twin control analyses. The Cholesky decomposition showed stability in genetic influences and innovation in non-shared environmental influences on self-harm. Conclusions Adolescence should be a key period for self-harm interventions. Women, sexual, and gender minorities, and those experiencing victimisation may need targeted support early in adolescence. Furthermore, it should be acknowledged that different individuals can be at risk at different stages as environmental factors influencing self-harm change across time. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.14096 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=556 [article] Initiation and stability of self-harm in adolescence and early adulthood: investigating social and aetiological factors in twins [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Yasmin I. AHMADZADEH, Auteur ; Olakunle A. OGINNI, Auteur ; Jean-Baptiste PINGAULT, Auteur ; Thomas A. MCADAMS, Auteur ; Helena M. S. ZAVOS, Auteur . - p.857-867. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 66-6 (June 2025) . - p.857-867 Mots-clés : Self-harm  twins  aetiology  age of initiation  bullying  socio-demographic factors Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Almost one in five (18.8%) UK adolescents are estimated to self-harm and many young people initiate self-harm early (average age 13?years). Prevention of self-harm should be informed by knowledge about risk factors (e.g. socio-demographic indices), characteristics (i.e. motivation for self-harm and help-seeking behaviours), as well as relative aetiological genetic and environmental processes. Previous twin studies evidence both genetic and environmental influences on self-harm. However, to date, there has been no genetically informed research on self-harm aetiology across development, nor studies identifying risk factors for initiating self-harm at a younger age. Methods We examined self-harm in the Twins Early Development Study, a birth cohort twin study. Using clustered regression models, we tested associations of socio-demographic factors and victimisation with lifetime self-harm and age of self-harm initiation, both reported at 21. To investigate stability and/or change in genetic and environmental influences on self-harm we interpreted a multivariate Cholesky decomposition across ages ?16, 21, and 26. Results Self-harm was more common in adolescence than early adulthood, and the incidence of self-harm in early adulthood was low (1.4%). The most common motivation for self-harm was ?to get relief from a terrible state of mind? (83.4%). Independent predictors of self-harm and earlier initiation of self-harm were being female, belonging to a gender and/or sexual minority group, and experience of bullying victimisation. Sexual minority status was still significantly associated with self-harm after controlling for familial factors in co-twin control analyses. The Cholesky decomposition showed stability in genetic influences and innovation in non-shared environmental influences on self-harm. Conclusions Adolescence should be a key period for self-harm interventions. Women, sexual, and gender minorities, and those experiencing victimisation may need targeted support early in adolescence. Furthermore, it should be acknowledged that different individuals can be at risk at different stages as environmental factors influencing self-harm change across time. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.14096 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=556

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