Early caregiving predicts attachment representations in adolescence: findings from two longitudinal studies / T. G. O'CONNOR in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 60-9 (September 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 60-9 (September 2019) . - p.944-952 Titre : Early caregiving predicts attachment representations in adolescence: findings from two longitudinal studies Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : T. G. O'CONNOR, Auteur ; M. WOOLGAR, Auteur ; S. HUMAYUN, Auteur ; Jacqueline A. BRISKMAN, Auteur ; S. SCOTT, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.944-952 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescence  attachment  longitudinal  parent-child interactions  psychosocial risk Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: A growing research base demonstrates that adolescents' construction of secure attachment relationships may underlie successful social and personal relationships and healthy behavioral adjustment. Little is known about the early caregiving origins of adolescent attachment security; this study provides some of the first data on this topic. METHOD: The relative contribution of early and current caregiving quality to attachment security in adolescence was assessed in two longitudinal studies of a clinic-referred and an at-risk community sample using identical measures (n = 209). Quality of early parent-child relationships at age 3-7 years of age and parent-adolescent relationship quality at approximately 12 years were assessed using observational methods; psychosocial risk was derived from extensive interview and questionnaire assessments; adolescent attachment quality was assessed using a standard attachment interview. RESULTS: Analyses indicated moderate stability in observed parent-child interaction quality from early childhood to adolescence. Observational ratings of both early childhood and current caregiving quality were significantly associated with adolescent attachment security; however, early caregiver sensitivity was more strongly associated with adolescent attachment security and predicted later attachment security independently from current caregiving quality. Follow-up analyses indicated that this longitudinal prediction was significantly weaker in the clinic than in the at-risk community sample. CONCLUSIONS: Parental sensitive responding in childhood has enduring effects on attachment representation in adolescence, independent of current parenting relationship quality. These findings provide important new evidence supporting early parenting interventions for promoting youth well-being and adjustment. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12936 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=405 [article] Early caregiving predicts attachment representations in adolescence: findings from two longitudinal studies [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / T. G. O'CONNOR, Auteur ; M. WOOLGAR, Auteur ; S. HUMAYUN, Auteur ; Jacqueline A. BRISKMAN, Auteur ; S. SCOTT, Auteur . - p.944-952. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 60-9 (September 2019) . - p.944-952 Mots-clés : Adolescence  attachment  longitudinal  parent-child interactions  psychosocial risk Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: A growing research base demonstrates that adolescents' construction of secure attachment relationships may underlie successful social and personal relationships and healthy behavioral adjustment. Little is known about the early caregiving origins of adolescent attachment security; this study provides some of the first data on this topic. METHOD: The relative contribution of early and current caregiving quality to attachment security in adolescence was assessed in two longitudinal studies of a clinic-referred and an at-risk community sample using identical measures (n = 209). Quality of early parent-child relationships at age 3-7 years of age and parent-adolescent relationship quality at approximately 12 years were assessed using observational methods; psychosocial risk was derived from extensive interview and questionnaire assessments; adolescent attachment quality was assessed using a standard attachment interview. RESULTS: Analyses indicated moderate stability in observed parent-child interaction quality from early childhood to adolescence. Observational ratings of both early childhood and current caregiving quality were significantly associated with adolescent attachment security; however, early caregiver sensitivity was more strongly associated with adolescent attachment security and predicted later attachment security independently from current caregiving quality. Follow-up analyses indicated that this longitudinal prediction was significantly weaker in the clinic than in the at-risk community sample. CONCLUSIONS: Parental sensitive responding in childhood has enduring effects on attachment representation in adolescence, independent of current parenting relationship quality. These findings provide important new evidence supporting early parenting interventions for promoting youth well-being and adjustment. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12936 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=405

A good investment: longer-term cost savings of sensitive parenting in childhood / C. J. BACHMANN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 63-1 (January 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-1 (January 2022) . - p.78-87 Titre : A good investment: longer-term cost savings of sensitive parenting in childhood Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : C. J. BACHMANN, Auteur ; Jennifer BEECHAM, Auteur ; T. G. O'CONNOR, Auteur ; Jackie BRISKMAN, Auteur ; S. SCOTT, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.78-87 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent  Adult  Child  Child, Preschool  Cost Savings  Humans  Longitudinal Studies  Parent-Child Relations  Parenting  Parents  Antisocial behaviour  costs  physical abuse  sensitive responding Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Good quality parenting in early childhood is reliably associated with positive mental and physical health over the lifespan. The hypothesis that early parenting quality has significant long-term financial benefits has not been previously tested. METHODS: Design: Longitudinal study with follow-up from 2012 to 2016. SETTING: UK multicentre study cohort (London, South-East England). PARTICIPANTS: 174 young people drawn from 2 samples, one at moderate risk of poor outcomes and one at high risk, assessed aged 4-6?years then followed up in early adolescence (mean age 12.1?years). MEASURES: The primary outcome was total costs: health, social care, extra school support, out-of-home placements and family-born expenditure, determined through semistructured economic interviews. Early parenting quality was independently assessed through direct observation of parent-child interaction. RESULTS: Costs were lower for youths exposed to more sensitive parenting (most sensitive quartile mean £1,619, least sensitive quartile mean £21,763; p? En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13461 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=456 [article] A good investment: longer-term cost savings of sensitive parenting in childhood [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / C. J. BACHMANN, Auteur ; Jennifer BEECHAM, Auteur ; T. G. O'CONNOR, Auteur ; Jackie BRISKMAN, Auteur ; S. SCOTT, Auteur . - p.78-87. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-1 (January 2022) . - p.78-87 Mots-clés : Adolescent  Adult  Child  Child, Preschool  Cost Savings  Humans  Longitudinal Studies  Parent-Child Relations  Parenting  Parents  Antisocial behaviour  costs  physical abuse  sensitive responding Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Good quality parenting in early childhood is reliably associated with positive mental and physical health over the lifespan. The hypothesis that early parenting quality has significant long-term financial benefits has not been previously tested. METHODS: Design: Longitudinal study with follow-up from 2012 to 2016. SETTING: UK multicentre study cohort (London, South-East England). PARTICIPANTS: 174 young people drawn from 2 samples, one at moderate risk of poor outcomes and one at high risk, assessed aged 4-6?years then followed up in early adolescence (mean age 12.1?years). MEASURES: The primary outcome was total costs: health, social care, extra school support, out-of-home placements and family-born expenditure, determined through semistructured economic interviews. Early parenting quality was independently assessed through direct observation of parent-child interaction. RESULTS: Costs were lower for youths exposed to more sensitive parenting (most sensitive quartile mean £1,619, least sensitive quartile mean £21,763; p? En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13461 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=456

Inflammation-related epigenetic risk and child and adolescent mental health: A prospective study from pregnancy to middle adolescence / Edward D. BARKER in Development and Psychopathology, 30-3 (August 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 30-3 (August 2018) . - p.1145-1156 Titre : Inflammation-related epigenetic risk and child and adolescent mental health: A prospective study from pregnancy to middle adolescence Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Edward D. BARKER, Auteur ; Charlotte A. M. CECIL, Auteur ; E. WALTON, Auteur ; L. C. HOUTEPEN, Auteur ; T. G. O'CONNOR, Auteur ; A. DANESE, Auteur ; Sara R. JAFFEE, Auteur ; S. K. G. JENSEN, Auteur ; C. PARIANTE, Auteur ; W. MCARDLE, Auteur ; T. R. GAUNT, Auteur ; C. L. RELTON, Auteur ; S. ROBERTS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1145-1156 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : In 785 mother-child (50% male) pairs from a longitudinal epidemiological birth cohort, we investigated associations between inflammation-related epigenetic polygenic risk scores (i-ePGS), environmental exposures, cognitive function, and child and adolescent internalizing and externalizing problems. We examined prenatal and postnatal effects. For externalizing problems, one prenatal effect was found: i-ePGS at birth associated with higher externalizing problems (ages 7-15) indirectly through lower cognitive function (age 7). For internalizing problems, we identified two effects. For a prenatal effect, i-ePGS at birth associated with higher internalizing symptoms via continuity in i-ePGS at age 7. For a postnatal effect, higher postnatal adversity exposure (birth through age 7) associated with higher internalizing problems (ages 7-15) via higher i-ePGS (age 7). Hence, externalizing problems were related mainly to prenatal effects involving lower cognitive function, whereas internalizing problems appeared related to both prenatal and postnatal effects. The present study supports a link between i-ePGS and child and adolescent mental health. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579418000330 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=367 [article] Inflammation-related epigenetic risk and child and adolescent mental health: A prospective study from pregnancy to middle adolescence [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Edward D. BARKER, Auteur ; Charlotte A. M. CECIL, Auteur ; E. WALTON, Auteur ; L. C. HOUTEPEN, Auteur ; T. G. O'CONNOR, Auteur ; A. DANESE, Auteur ; Sara R. JAFFEE, Auteur ; S. K. G. JENSEN, Auteur ; C. PARIANTE, Auteur ; W. MCARDLE, Auteur ; T. R. GAUNT, Auteur ; C. L. RELTON, Auteur ; S. ROBERTS, Auteur . - p.1145-1156. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 30-3 (August 2018) . - p.1145-1156 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : In 785 mother-child (50% male) pairs from a longitudinal epidemiological birth cohort, we investigated associations between inflammation-related epigenetic polygenic risk scores (i-ePGS), environmental exposures, cognitive function, and child and adolescent internalizing and externalizing problems. We examined prenatal and postnatal effects. For externalizing problems, one prenatal effect was found: i-ePGS at birth associated with higher externalizing problems (ages 7-15) indirectly through lower cognitive function (age 7). For internalizing problems, we identified two effects. For a prenatal effect, i-ePGS at birth associated with higher internalizing symptoms via continuity in i-ePGS at age 7. For a postnatal effect, higher postnatal adversity exposure (birth through age 7) associated with higher internalizing problems (ages 7-15) via higher i-ePGS (age 7). Hence, externalizing problems were related mainly to prenatal effects involving lower cognitive function, whereas internalizing problems appeared related to both prenatal and postnatal effects. The present study supports a link between i-ePGS and child and adolescent mental health. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579418000330 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=367

Prenatal maternal stress, fetal programming, and mechanisms underlying later psychopathology-A global perspective / V. GLOVER in Development and Psychopathology, 30-3 (August 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 30-3 (August 2018) . - p.843-854 Titre : Prenatal maternal stress, fetal programming, and mechanisms underlying later psychopathology-A global perspective Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : V. GLOVER, Auteur ; Kieran J. O'DONNELL, Auteur ; T. G. O'CONNOR, Auteur ; J. FISHER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.843-854 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : There is clear evidence that the mother's stress, anxiety, or depression during pregnancy can alter the development of her fetus and her child, with an increased risk for later psychopathology. We are starting to understand some of the underlying mechanisms including the role of the placenta, gene-environment interactions, epigenetics, and specific systems including the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and cytokines. In this review we also consider how these effects may be different, and potentially exacerbated, in different parts of the world. There can be many reasons for elevated prenatal stress, as in communities at war. There may be raised pregnancy-specific anxiety with high levels of maternal and infant death. There can be raised interpersonal violence (in Afghanistan 90.2% of women thought that "wife beating" was justified compared with 2.0% in Argentina). There may be interactions with nutritional deficiencies or with extremes of temperature. Prenatal stress alters the microbiome, and this can differ in different countries. Genetic differences in different ethnic groups may make some more vulnerable or more resilient to the effects of prenatal stress on child neurodevelopment. Most research on these questions has been in predominantly Caucasian samples from high-income countries. It is now time to understand more about prenatal stress and psychopathology, and the role of both social and biological differences, in the rest of the world. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095457941800038x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=366 [article] Prenatal maternal stress, fetal programming, and mechanisms underlying later psychopathology-A global perspective [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / V. GLOVER, Auteur ; Kieran J. O'DONNELL, Auteur ; T. G. O'CONNOR, Auteur ; J. FISHER, Auteur . - p.843-854. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 30-3 (August 2018) . - p.843-854 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : There is clear evidence that the mother's stress, anxiety, or depression during pregnancy can alter the development of her fetus and her child, with an increased risk for later psychopathology. We are starting to understand some of the underlying mechanisms including the role of the placenta, gene-environment interactions, epigenetics, and specific systems including the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and cytokines. In this review we also consider how these effects may be different, and potentially exacerbated, in different parts of the world. There can be many reasons for elevated prenatal stress, as in communities at war. There may be raised pregnancy-specific anxiety with high levels of maternal and infant death. There can be raised interpersonal violence (in Afghanistan 90.2% of women thought that "wife beating" was justified compared with 2.0% in Argentina). There may be interactions with nutritional deficiencies or with extremes of temperature. Prenatal stress alters the microbiome, and this can differ in different countries. Genetic differences in different ethnic groups may make some more vulnerable or more resilient to the effects of prenatal stress on child neurodevelopment. Most research on these questions has been in predominantly Caucasian samples from high-income countries. It is now time to understand more about prenatal stress and psychopathology, and the role of both social and biological differences, in the rest of the world. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095457941800038x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=366

The cost of love: financial consequences of insecure attachment in antisocial youth / C. J. BACHMANN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 60-12 (December 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 60-12 (December 2019) . - p.1343-1350 Titre : The cost of love: financial consequences of insecure attachment in antisocial youth Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : C. J. BACHMANN, Auteur ; Jennifer BEECHAM, Auteur ; T. G. O'CONNOR, Auteur ; A. SCOTT, Auteur ; Jackie BRISKMAN, Auteur ; S. SCOTT, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1343-1350 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Antisocial behaviour  attachment  caregiving quality  economic cost  parenting  youth Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Knowing that your parent or caregiver will be there for you in times of emotional need and distress is a core aspect of the human experience of feeling loved and being securely attached. In contrast, an insecure attachment pattern is found in many antisocial youth and is related to less sensitive caregiving. Such youth are often distrustful of adults and authority figures, and are at high risk of poor outcomes. As they become adults, they require extensive health, social and economic support, costing society ten times more than their well-adjusted peers. However, it is not known whether insecure attachment itself is associated with higher costs in at-risk youth, independently of potential confounders, nor whether cost differences are already beginning to emerge early in adolescence. METHODS: Sample: A total of 174 young people followed up aged 9-17 years (mean 12.1, SD 1.8): 85 recruited with moderate antisocial behaviour (80th percentile) from a school screen aged 4-6 years; 89 clinically referred with very high antisocial behaviour (98th percentile) aged 3-7 years. MEASURES: Costs by detailed health economic and service-use interview; attachment security to mother and father from interview; diagnostic interviews for oppositional and conduct problems; self-reported delinquent behaviour. RESULTS: Costs were greater for youth insecurely attached to their mothers (secure pound6,743, insecure pound10,199, p = .001) and more so to fathers (secure pound1,353, insecure pound13,978, p < .001). These differences remained significant (mother p = .019, father p < .001) after adjusting for confounders, notably family income and education, intelligence and antisocial behaviour severity. CONCLUSIONS: Attachment insecurity is a significant predictor of public cost in at-risk youth, even after accounting for covariates. Since adolescent attachment security is influenced by caregiving quality earlier in childhood, these findings add support to the public health case for early parenting interventions to improve child outcomes and reduce the financial burden on society. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13103 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=412 [article] The cost of love: financial consequences of insecure attachment in antisocial youth [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / C. J. BACHMANN, Auteur ; Jennifer BEECHAM, Auteur ; T. G. O'CONNOR, Auteur ; A. SCOTT, Auteur ; Jackie BRISKMAN, Auteur ; S. SCOTT, Auteur . - p.1343-1350. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 60-12 (December 2019) . - p.1343-1350 Mots-clés : Antisocial behaviour  attachment  caregiving quality  economic cost  parenting  youth Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Knowing that your parent or caregiver will be there for you in times of emotional need and distress is a core aspect of the human experience of feeling loved and being securely attached. In contrast, an insecure attachment pattern is found in many antisocial youth and is related to less sensitive caregiving. Such youth are often distrustful of adults and authority figures, and are at high risk of poor outcomes. As they become adults, they require extensive health, social and economic support, costing society ten times more than their well-adjusted peers. However, it is not known whether insecure attachment itself is associated with higher costs in at-risk youth, independently of potential confounders, nor whether cost differences are already beginning to emerge early in adolescence. METHODS: Sample: A total of 174 young people followed up aged 9-17 years (mean 12.1, SD 1.8): 85 recruited with moderate antisocial behaviour (80th percentile) from a school screen aged 4-6 years; 89 clinically referred with very high antisocial behaviour (98th percentile) aged 3-7 years. MEASURES: Costs by detailed health economic and service-use interview; attachment security to mother and father from interview; diagnostic interviews for oppositional and conduct problems; self-reported delinquent behaviour. RESULTS: Costs were greater for youth insecurely attached to their mothers (secure pound6,743, insecure pound10,199, p = .001) and more so to fathers (secure pound1,353, insecure pound13,978, p < .001). These differences remained significant (mother p = .019, father p < .001) after adjusting for confounders, notably family income and education, intelligence and antisocial behaviour severity. CONCLUSIONS: Attachment insecurity is a significant predictor of public cost in at-risk youth, even after accounting for covariates. Since adolescent attachment security is influenced by caregiving quality earlier in childhood, these findings add support to the public health case for early parenting interventions to improve child outcomes and reduce the financial burden on society. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13103 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=412

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