Childhood mental health difficulties mediate the long-term association between early-life adversity at age 3 and poorer cognitive functioning at ages 11 and 14 / Tochukwu NWEZE in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 64-6 (June 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 64-6 (June 2023) . - p.952-965 Titre : Childhood mental health difficulties mediate the long-term association between early-life adversity at age 3 and poorer cognitive functioning at ages 11 and 14 Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Tochukwu NWEZE, Auteur ; Michael EZENWA, Auteur ; Cyriacus AJAELU, Auteur ; Chukwuemeka OKOYE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.952-965 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Early-life adversity is associated with adverse mental health outcomes and poorer cognitive functioning in later development. However, little is known about how early-life adversity, mental health, and cognition affect one another or how the effects unfold over time. Here, we test the hypothesis that early-life adversity may lead to mental health challenges which in turn have adverse consequences for the development of cognitive abilities. Methods In a large (N = 13,287) longitudinal (5 wave) sample assessed at ages 3, 5, 7, 11 and 14, we use both path analysis approach and latent growth curve mediation model to study whether poorer mental health in childhood may mediate the effects of early-life adversity on later working memory and vocabulary outcomes. Results We found a significant total association between early-life adversity and poorer performance on working memory (? = .123, p? En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13757 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=504 [article] Childhood mental health difficulties mediate the long-term association between early-life adversity at age 3 and poorer cognitive functioning at ages 11 and 14 [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Tochukwu NWEZE, Auteur ; Michael EZENWA, Auteur ; Cyriacus AJAELU, Auteur ; Chukwuemeka OKOYE, Auteur . - p.952-965. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 64-6 (June 2023) . - p.952-965 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Early-life adversity is associated with adverse mental health outcomes and poorer cognitive functioning in later development. However, little is known about how early-life adversity, mental health, and cognition affect one another or how the effects unfold over time. Here, we test the hypothesis that early-life adversity may lead to mental health challenges which in turn have adverse consequences for the development of cognitive abilities. Methods In a large (N = 13,287) longitudinal (5 wave) sample assessed at ages 3, 5, 7, 11 and 14, we use both path analysis approach and latent growth curve mediation model to study whether poorer mental health in childhood may mediate the effects of early-life adversity on later working memory and vocabulary outcomes. Results We found a significant total association between early-life adversity and poorer performance on working memory (? = .123, p? En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13757 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=504

Trajectories of cortical structures associated with stress across adolescence: a bivariate latent change score approach / Tochukwu NWEZE in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 64-8 (August 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 64-8 (August 2023) . - p.1159-1175 Titre : Trajectories of cortical structures associated with stress across adolescence: a bivariate latent change score approach Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Tochukwu NWEZE, Auteur ; Tobias BANASCHEWSKI, Auteur ; Cyracius AJAELU, Auteur ; Chukwuemeka OKOYE, Auteur ; Michael EZENWA, Auteur ; Robert WHELAN, Auteur ; Dimitri PAPADOPOULOS ORFANOS, Auteur ; Arun L. W. BOKDE, Auteur ; Sylvane DESRIVIERES, Auteur ; Antoine GRIGIS, Auteur ; Hugh GARAVAN, Auteur ; Penny GOWLAND, Auteur ; Andreas HEINZ, Auteur ; Rüdiger BRÜHL, Auteur ; Jean-Luc MARTINOT, Auteur ; Marie-Laure Paillère MARTINOT, Auteur ; Éric ARTIGES, Auteur ; Frauke NEES, Auteur ; Tomá? PAUS, Auteur ; Luise POUSTKA, Auteur ; Sarah HOHMANN, Auteur ; Sabina MILLENET, Auteur ; Juliane H. FRÖHNER, Auteur ; Michael N. SMOLKA, Auteur ; Henrik WALTER, Auteur ; Gunter SCHUMANN, Auteur ; Jamie L. HANSON, Auteur ; Imagen CONSORTIUM, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1159-1175 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Stress  cortical development  cognitive functioning  longitudinal models  bivariate latent change score model  longitudinal mediation analysis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Stress exposure in childhood and adolescence has been linked to reductions in cortical structures and cognitive functioning. However, to date, most of these studies have been cross-sectional, limiting the ability to make long-term inferences, given that most cortical structures continue to develop through adolescence. Methods Here, we used a subset of the IMAGEN population cohort sample (N = 502; assessment ages: 14, 19, and 22 years; mean age: 21.945 years; SD = 0.610) to understand longitudinally the long-term interrelations between stress, cortical development, and cognitive functioning. To these ends, we first used a latent change score model to examine four bivariate relations assessing individual differences in change in the relations between adolescent stress exposure and volume, surface area, and cortical thickness of cortical structures, as well as cognitive outcomes. Second, we probed for indirect neurocognitive effects linking stress to cortical brain structures and cognitive functions using rich longitudinal mediation modeling. Results Latent change score modeling showed that greater baseline adolescence stress at age 14 predicted a small reduction in the right anterior cingulate volume (Std. = .327, p = .042, 95% CI [ 0.643, 0.012]) and right anterior cingulate surface area (Std. = .274, p = .038, 95% CI [ 0.533, 0.015]) across ages 14 22. These effects were very modest in nature and became nonsignificant after correcting for multiple comparisons. Our longitudinal analyses found no evidence of indirect effects in the two neurocognitive pathways linking adolescent stress to brain and cognitive outcomes. Conclusion Findings shed light on the impact of stress on brain reductions, particularly in the prefrontal cortex that have consistently been implicated in the previous cross-sectional studies. However, the magnitude of effects observed in our study is smaller than that has been reported in past cross-sectional work. This suggests that the potential impact of stress during adolescence on brain structures may likely be more modest than previously noted. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13793 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=508 [article] Trajectories of cortical structures associated with stress across adolescence: a bivariate latent change score approach [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Tochukwu NWEZE, Auteur ; Tobias BANASCHEWSKI, Auteur ; Cyracius AJAELU, Auteur ; Chukwuemeka OKOYE, Auteur ; Michael EZENWA, Auteur ; Robert WHELAN, Auteur ; Dimitri PAPADOPOULOS ORFANOS, Auteur ; Arun L. W. BOKDE, Auteur ; Sylvane DESRIVIERES, Auteur ; Antoine GRIGIS, Auteur ; Hugh GARAVAN, Auteur ; Penny GOWLAND, Auteur ; Andreas HEINZ, Auteur ; Rüdiger BRÜHL, Auteur ; Jean-Luc MARTINOT, Auteur ; Marie-Laure Paillère MARTINOT, Auteur ; Éric ARTIGES, Auteur ; Frauke NEES, Auteur ; Tomá? PAUS, Auteur ; Luise POUSTKA, Auteur ; Sarah HOHMANN, Auteur ; Sabina MILLENET, Auteur ; Juliane H. FRÖHNER, Auteur ; Michael N. SMOLKA, Auteur ; Henrik WALTER, Auteur ; Gunter SCHUMANN, Auteur ; Jamie L. HANSON, Auteur ; Imagen CONSORTIUM, Auteur . - p.1159-1175. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 64-8 (August 2023) . - p.1159-1175 Mots-clés : Stress  cortical development  cognitive functioning  longitudinal models  bivariate latent change score model  longitudinal mediation analysis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Stress exposure in childhood and adolescence has been linked to reductions in cortical structures and cognitive functioning. However, to date, most of these studies have been cross-sectional, limiting the ability to make long-term inferences, given that most cortical structures continue to develop through adolescence. Methods Here, we used a subset of the IMAGEN population cohort sample (N = 502; assessment ages: 14, 19, and 22 years; mean age: 21.945 years; SD = 0.610) to understand longitudinally the long-term interrelations between stress, cortical development, and cognitive functioning. To these ends, we first used a latent change score model to examine four bivariate relations assessing individual differences in change in the relations between adolescent stress exposure and volume, surface area, and cortical thickness of cortical structures, as well as cognitive outcomes. Second, we probed for indirect neurocognitive effects linking stress to cortical brain structures and cognitive functions using rich longitudinal mediation modeling. Results Latent change score modeling showed that greater baseline adolescence stress at age 14 predicted a small reduction in the right anterior cingulate volume (Std. = .327, p = .042, 95% CI [ 0.643, 0.012]) and right anterior cingulate surface area (Std. = .274, p = .038, 95% CI [ 0.533, 0.015]) across ages 14 22. These effects were very modest in nature and became nonsignificant after correcting for multiple comparisons. Our longitudinal analyses found no evidence of indirect effects in the two neurocognitive pathways linking adolescent stress to brain and cognitive outcomes. Conclusion Findings shed light on the impact of stress on brain reductions, particularly in the prefrontal cortex that have consistently been implicated in the previous cross-sectional studies. However, the magnitude of effects observed in our study is smaller than that has been reported in past cross-sectional work. This suggests that the potential impact of stress during adolescence on brain structures may likely be more modest than previously noted. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13793 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=508

Working for the future: parentally deprived Nigerian Children have enhanced working memory ability / Tochukwu NWEZE in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 62-3 (March 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-3 (March 2021) . - p.280-288 Titre : Working for the future: parentally deprived Nigerian Children have enhanced working memory ability Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Tochukwu NWEZE, Auteur ; Mary Basil NWOKE, Auteur ; Juliet Ifeoma NWUFO, Auteur ; Richard Ikechukwu ANIEKWU, Auteur ; Florian LANGE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.280-288 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Deprivation  adverse rearing  cognition  executive functions  inhibition  set-shifting  working memory Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: The dominant view based on the deficit model of developmental psychopathology is that early adverse rearing impairs cognition. In contrast, an emerging evolutionary-developmental model argues that individuals exposed to early-life stress may have improved cognitive abilities that are adapted to harsh environments. We set out to test this hypothesis by examining cognitive functions in parentally deprived children in Nigeria. METHODS: Cognitive performance was compared between 53 deprived children who currently live in institutional homes and foster families and 51 nondeprived control participants. We used a multifaceted neurocognitive test battery for the assessment of inhibition, set-shifting and working memory. RESULTS: Results showed that the deprived and nondeprived group did not significantly differ in their performance on set-shifting and inhibition tasks. Conversely, the deprived group performed significantly better than the nondeprived group in the working memory task. DISCUSSION: We interpret the enhanced working memory ability of the deprived group as a correlate of its ecological relevance. In Nigeria, underprivileged children may need to rely to a larger extent on working memory abilities to attain success through academic work. This study provides further evidence that exposure to early adversity does not necessarily impair cognitive functions but can even enhance it under some conditions and in some domains. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13241 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=443 [article] Working for the future: parentally deprived Nigerian Children have enhanced working memory ability [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Tochukwu NWEZE, Auteur ; Mary Basil NWOKE, Auteur ; Juliet Ifeoma NWUFO, Auteur ; Richard Ikechukwu ANIEKWU, Auteur ; Florian LANGE, Auteur . - p.280-288. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-3 (March 2021) . - p.280-288 Mots-clés : Deprivation  adverse rearing  cognition  executive functions  inhibition  set-shifting  working memory Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: The dominant view based on the deficit model of developmental psychopathology is that early adverse rearing impairs cognition. In contrast, an emerging evolutionary-developmental model argues that individuals exposed to early-life stress may have improved cognitive abilities that are adapted to harsh environments. We set out to test this hypothesis by examining cognitive functions in parentally deprived children in Nigeria. METHODS: Cognitive performance was compared between 53 deprived children who currently live in institutional homes and foster families and 51 nondeprived control participants. We used a multifaceted neurocognitive test battery for the assessment of inhibition, set-shifting and working memory. RESULTS: Results showed that the deprived and nondeprived group did not significantly differ in their performance on set-shifting and inhibition tasks. Conversely, the deprived group performed significantly better than the nondeprived group in the working memory task. DISCUSSION: We interpret the enhanced working memory ability of the deprived group as a correlate of its ecological relevance. In Nigeria, underprivileged children may need to rely to a larger extent on working memory abilities to attain success through academic work. This study provides further evidence that exposure to early adversity does not necessarily impair cognitive functions but can even enhance it under some conditions and in some domains. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13241 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=443

---

1 (1 - 3 / 3)