Aberrant functioning of the theory-of-mind network in children and adolescents with autism / Rajesh K. KANA in Molecular Autism, (October 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > (October 2015) . - p.1-12 Titre : Aberrant functioning of the theory-of-mind network in children and adolescents with autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Rajesh K. KANA, Auteur ; Jose O. MAXIMO, Auteur ; Diane L. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Timothy A. KELLER, Auteur ; Sarah E. SCHIPUL, Auteur ; Vladimir L. CHERKASSKY, Auteur ; Nancy J. MINSHEW, Auteur ; Marcel Adam JUST, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1-12 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Theory-of-mind (ToM), the ability to infer people’s thoughts and feelings, is a pivotal skill in effective social interactions. Individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have been found to have altered ToM skills, which significantly impacts the quality of their social interactions. Neuroimaging studies have reported altered activation of the ToM cortical network, especially in adults with autism, yet little is known about the brain responses underlying ToM in younger individuals with ASD. This functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study investigated the neural mechanisms underlying ToM in high-functioning children and adolescents with ASD and matched typically developing (TD) peers. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-015-0052-x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=277 [article] Aberrant functioning of the theory-of-mind network in children and adolescents with autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Rajesh K. KANA, Auteur ; Jose O. MAXIMO, Auteur ; Diane L. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Timothy A. KELLER, Auteur ; Sarah E. SCHIPUL, Auteur ; Vladimir L. CHERKASSKY, Auteur ; Nancy J. MINSHEW, Auteur ; Marcel Adam JUST, Auteur . - p.1-12. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > (October 2015) . - p.1-12 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Theory-of-mind (ToM), the ability to infer people’s thoughts and feelings, is a pivotal skill in effective social interactions. Individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have been found to have altered ToM skills, which significantly impacts the quality of their social interactions. Neuroimaging studies have reported altered activation of the ToM cortical network, especially in adults with autism, yet little is known about the brain responses underlying ToM in younger individuals with ASD. This functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study investigated the neural mechanisms underlying ToM in high-functioning children and adolescents with ASD and matched typically developing (TD) peers. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-015-0052-x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=277

Altered Medial Frontal and Superior Temporal Response to Implicit Processing of Emotions in Autism / Rajesh K. KANA in Autism Research, 9-1 (January 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 9-1 (January 2016) . - p.55-66 Titre : Altered Medial Frontal and Superior Temporal Response to Implicit Processing of Emotions in Autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Rajesh K. KANA, Auteur ; Michelle A. PATRIQUIN, Auteur ; Briley S. BLACK, Auteur ; Marie M. CHANNELL, Auteur ; Bruno WICKER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.55-66 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : implicit emotion  explicit emotion  fMRI  functional connectivity  autism Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Interpreting emotional expressions appropriately poses a challenge for individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In particular, difficulties with emotional processing in ASD are more pronounced in contexts where emotional expressions are subtle, automatic, and reflexive—that is, implicit. In contrast, explicit emotional processing, which requires the cognitive evaluation of an emotional experience, appears to be relatively intact in individuals with ASD. In the present study, we examined the brain activation and functional connectivity differences underlying explicit and implicit emotional processing in age- and IQ-matched adults with (n?=?17) and without (n?=?15) ASD. Results indicated: (1) significantly reduced levels of brain activation in participants with ASD in medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) and superior temporal gyrus (STG) during implicit emotion processing; (2) significantly weaker functional connectivity in the ASD group in connections of the MPFC with the amygdala, temporal lobe, parietal lobe, and fusiform gyrus; (3) No group difference in performance accuracy or reaction time; and (4) Significant positive relationship between empathizing ability and STG activity in ASD but not in typically developing participants. These findings suggest that the neural mechanisms underlying implicit, but not explicit, emotion processing may be altered at multiple levels in individuals with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1496 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=282 [article] Altered Medial Frontal and Superior Temporal Response to Implicit Processing of Emotions in Autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Rajesh K. KANA, Auteur ; Michelle A. PATRIQUIN, Auteur ; Briley S. BLACK, Auteur ; Marie M. CHANNELL, Auteur ; Bruno WICKER, Auteur . - p.55-66. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 9-1 (January 2016) . - p.55-66 Mots-clés : implicit emotion  explicit emotion  fMRI  functional connectivity  autism Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Interpreting emotional expressions appropriately poses a challenge for individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In particular, difficulties with emotional processing in ASD are more pronounced in contexts where emotional expressions are subtle, automatic, and reflexive—that is, implicit. In contrast, explicit emotional processing, which requires the cognitive evaluation of an emotional experience, appears to be relatively intact in individuals with ASD. In the present study, we examined the brain activation and functional connectivity differences underlying explicit and implicit emotional processing in age- and IQ-matched adults with (n?=?17) and without (n?=?15) ASD. Results indicated: (1) significantly reduced levels of brain activation in participants with ASD in medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) and superior temporal gyrus (STG) during implicit emotion processing; (2) significantly weaker functional connectivity in the ASD group in connections of the MPFC with the amygdala, temporal lobe, parietal lobe, and fusiform gyrus; (3) No group difference in performance accuracy or reaction time; and (4) Significant positive relationship between empathizing ability and STG activity in ASD but not in typically developing participants. These findings suggest that the neural mechanisms underlying implicit, but not explicit, emotion processing may be altered at multiple levels in individuals with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1496 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=282

Amplitude of low frequency fluctuations during resting state fMRI in autistic children / Kelly L. COBURN ; Meagan E. BECKERSON ; Rajesh K. KANA in Autism Research, 16-1 (January 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 16-1 (January 2023) . - p.84-98 Titre : Amplitude of low frequency fluctuations during resting state fMRI in autistic children Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Kelly L. COBURN, Auteur ; Meagan E. BECKERSON, Auteur ; Rajesh K. KANA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.84-98 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Resting state fMRI (rs-fMRI) provides an excellent platform for examining the amplitude of low frequency fluctuations (ALFF) and fractional amplitude of low frequency fluctuations (fALFF), which are key indices of brain functioning. However, ALFF and fALFF have been used only sporadically to study autism. rs-fMRI data from 69 children (40 autistic, mean age = 8.47 Â+ 2.20 years; age range: 5.2 to 13.2; and 29 non-autistic, mean age = 9.02 Â+ 1.97 years; age range 5.9 to 12.9) were obtained from the Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange (ABIDE II). ALFF and fALFF were measured using CONN connectivity toolbox and SPM12, at whole-brain & network-levels. A two-sampled t-test and a 2 Group (autistic, non-autistic) × 7 Networks ANOVA were conducted to test group differences in ALFF and fALFF. The whole-brain analysis identified significantly reduced ALFF values for autistic participants in left parietal opercular cortex, precuneus, and right insula. At the network level, there was a significant effect of diagnostic group and brain network on ALFF values, and only significant effect of network, not group, on fALFF values. Regression analyses indicated a significant effect of age on ALFF values of certain networks in autistic participants. Such intrinsically different network-level responses in autistic participants may have implications for task-level recruitment and synchronization of brain areas, which may in turn impact optimal cognitive functioning. Moreover, differences in low frequency fluctuations of key networks, such as the DMN and SN, may underlie alterations in brain responses in autism that are frequently reported in the literature. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.2846 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=492 [article] Amplitude of low frequency fluctuations during resting state fMRI in autistic children [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Kelly L. COBURN, Auteur ; Meagan E. BECKERSON, Auteur ; Rajesh K. KANA, Auteur . - p.84-98. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 16-1 (January 2023) . - p.84-98 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Resting state fMRI (rs-fMRI) provides an excellent platform for examining the amplitude of low frequency fluctuations (ALFF) and fractional amplitude of low frequency fluctuations (fALFF), which are key indices of brain functioning. However, ALFF and fALFF have been used only sporadically to study autism. rs-fMRI data from 69 children (40 autistic, mean age = 8.47 Â+ 2.20 years; age range: 5.2 to 13.2; and 29 non-autistic, mean age = 9.02 Â+ 1.97 years; age range 5.9 to 12.9) were obtained from the Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange (ABIDE II). ALFF and fALFF were measured using CONN connectivity toolbox and SPM12, at whole-brain & network-levels. A two-sampled t-test and a 2 Group (autistic, non-autistic) × 7 Networks ANOVA were conducted to test group differences in ALFF and fALFF. The whole-brain analysis identified significantly reduced ALFF values for autistic participants in left parietal opercular cortex, precuneus, and right insula. At the network level, there was a significant effect of diagnostic group and brain network on ALFF values, and only significant effect of network, not group, on fALFF values. Regression analyses indicated a significant effect of age on ALFF values of certain networks in autistic participants. Such intrinsically different network-level responses in autistic participants may have implications for task-level recruitment and synchronization of brain areas, which may in turn impact optimal cognitive functioning. Moreover, differences in low frequency fluctuations of key networks, such as the DMN and SN, may underlie alterations in brain responses in autism that are frequently reported in the literature. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.2846 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=492

Autism as a Disorder of Functional Brain Activity / Rajesh K. KANA

Public ISBD in Autism Spectrum Disorders / David G. AMARAL Titre : Autism as a Disorder of Functional Brain Activity Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Rajesh K. KANA, Auteur ; Marcel Adam JUST, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Importance : p.981-990 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : AUT-B AUT-B - L'Autisme - Ouvrages généraux et scientifiques Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=140 in Autism Spectrum Disorders / David G. AMARAL Autism as a Disorder of Functional Brain Activity [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Rajesh K. KANA, Auteur ; Marcel Adam JUST, Auteur . - 2011 . - p.981-990. Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : AUT-B AUT-B - L'Autisme - Ouvrages généraux et scientifiques Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=140

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Biochemistry of the cingulate cortex in autism: An MR spectroscopy study / Lauren E. LIBERO in Autism Research, 9-6 (June 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 9-6 (June 2016) . - p.643-657 Titre : Biochemistry of the cingulate cortex in autism: An MR spectroscopy study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Lauren E. LIBERO, Auteur ; Meredith A. REID, Auteur ; David M. WHITE, Auteur ; Nouha SALIBI, Auteur ; Adrienne C. LAHTI, Auteur ; Rajesh K. KANA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.643-657 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  cingulate cortex  1H-MRS  MR spectroscopy  neurochemicals  biochemistry Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Neuroimaging studies have uncovered structural and functional alterations in the cingulate cortex in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Such abnormalities may underlie neurochemical imbalance. In order to characterize the neurochemical profile, the current study examined the concentration of brain metabolites in dorsal ACC (dACC) and posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) in high-functioning adults with ASD. Twenty high-functioning adults with ASD and 20 age-and-IQ-matched typically developing (TD) peers participated in this Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) study. LCModel was used in analyzing the spectra to measure the levels of N-Acetyl aspartate (NAA), choline (Cho), creatine (Cr), and glutamate/glutamine (Glx) in dACC and PCC. Groups were compared using means for the ratio of each metabolite to their respective Cr levels as well as on absolute internal-water-referenced measures of each metabolite. There was a significant increase in Cho in PCC for ASD adults, with a marginal increase in dACC. A reduction in NAA/Cr in dACC was found in ASD participants, compared to their TD peers. No significant differences in Glx/Cr or Cho/Cr were found in dACC. There were no statistically significant group differences in the absolute concentration of NAA, Cr, Glx, or NAA/Cr, Cho/Cr, and Glx/Cr in the PCC. Differences in the metabolic properties of dACC compared to PCC were also found. Results of this study provide evidence for possible cellular and metabolic differences in the dACC and PCC in adults with ASD. This may suggest neuronal dysfunction in these regions and may contribute to the neuropathology of ASD. Autism Res 2016, 9: 643–657. © 2015 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1562 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=290 [article] Biochemistry of the cingulate cortex in autism: An MR spectroscopy study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Lauren E. LIBERO, Auteur ; Meredith A. REID, Auteur ; David M. WHITE, Auteur ; Nouha SALIBI, Auteur ; Adrienne C. LAHTI, Auteur ; Rajesh K. KANA, Auteur . - p.643-657. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 9-6 (June 2016) . - p.643-657 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  cingulate cortex  1H-MRS  MR spectroscopy  neurochemicals  biochemistry Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Neuroimaging studies have uncovered structural and functional alterations in the cingulate cortex in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Such abnormalities may underlie neurochemical imbalance. In order to characterize the neurochemical profile, the current study examined the concentration of brain metabolites in dorsal ACC (dACC) and posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) in high-functioning adults with ASD. Twenty high-functioning adults with ASD and 20 age-and-IQ-matched typically developing (TD) peers participated in this Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) study. LCModel was used in analyzing the spectra to measure the levels of N-Acetyl aspartate (NAA), choline (Cho), creatine (Cr), and glutamate/glutamine (Glx) in dACC and PCC. Groups were compared using means for the ratio of each metabolite to their respective Cr levels as well as on absolute internal-water-referenced measures of each metabolite. There was a significant increase in Cho in PCC for ASD adults, with a marginal increase in dACC. A reduction in NAA/Cr in dACC was found in ASD participants, compared to their TD peers. No significant differences in Glx/Cr or Cho/Cr were found in dACC. There were no statistically significant group differences in the absolute concentration of NAA, Cr, Glx, or NAA/Cr, Cho/Cr, and Glx/Cr in the PCC. Differences in the metabolic properties of dACC compared to PCC were also found. Results of this study provide evidence for possible cellular and metabolic differences in the dACC and PCC in adults with ASD. This may suggest neuronal dysfunction in these regions and may contribute to the neuropathology of ASD. Autism Res 2016, 9: 643–657. © 2015 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1562 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=290

Cortical underconnectivity coupled with preserved visuospatial cognition in autism: Evidence from an fMRI study of an embedded figures task / Saudamini Roy DAMARLA in Autism Research, 3-5 (October 2010)  

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Hemispheric differences in language processing in autism spectrum disorders: A meta-analysis of neuroimaging studies / Abbey J. HERRINGSHAW in Autism Research, 9-10 (October 2016)  

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Motor Learning in Individuals With Autism Spectrum Disorder: Activation in Superior Parietal Lobule Related to Learning and Repetitive Behaviors / Brittany G. TRAVERS in Autism Research, 8-1 (February 2015)  

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The Impact of Reading Intervention on Brain Responses Underlying Language in Children With Autism / Donna L. MURDAUGH in Autism Research, 9-1 (January 2016)  

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The role of mirroring and mentalizing networks in mediating action intentions in autism / Lauren E. LIBERO in Molecular Autism, (October 2014)  

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