Sex differences in automatic emotion regulation in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder / Alexandra P. KEY in Autism Research, 15-4 (April 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 15-4 (April 2022) . - p.712-728 Titre : Sex differences in automatic emotion regulation in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Alexandra P. KEY, Auteur ; Dorita JONES, Auteur ; Blythe A. CORBETT, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.712-728 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Child  Emotional Regulation  Emotions/physiology  Evoked Potentials/physiology  Facial Expression  Female  Humans  Male  Sex Characteristics  autism  emotion  face  inhibition  sex  target detection Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism may be underdiagnosed in females because their social difficulties are often less noticeable. This study explored sex differences in automatic facial emotion processing in 45 adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (22 female, 23 male), age 10-16 years, performing active target detection task and Go/NoGo tasks where faces with positive and negative emotional expressions served as irrelevant distractors. The combined sample demonstrated more accurate performance on the target detection (response initiation) than the Go/NoGo task (response inhibition), replicating findings previously reported in typical participants. Females exhibited greater difficulty than males with response initiation in the target detection task, especially in the context of angry faces, while males found withholding a response in the Go/NoGo block with happy faces more challenging. Electrophysiological data revealed no sex differences or emotion discrimination effects during the early perceptual processing of faces indexed by the occipitotemporal N170. Autistic males demonstrated increased frontal N2 and parietal P3 amplitudes compared to females, suggesting greater neural resource allocation to automatic emotion regulation processes. The associations between standardized behavioral measures (autism severity, theory of mind skills) and brain responses also varied by sex: more adaptive social functioning was related to the speed of perceptual processing (N170 latency) in females and the extent of deliberate attention allocation (P3 amplitudes) in males. Together, these findings suggest that males and females with autism may rely on different strategies for social functioning and highlight the importance of considering sex differences in autism. LAY SUMMARY: Females with autism may exhibit less noticeable social difficulties than males. This study demonstrates that autistic females are more successful than males at inhibiting behavioral responses in emotional contexts, while males are more likely to initiate a response. At the neural level, social functioning in females is related to the speed of automatic perceptual processing of facial cues, and in males, to the extent of active attention allocation to the stimuli. These findings highlight the importance of considering sex differences in autism diagnosis and treatment selection. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2678 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=473 [article] Sex differences in automatic emotion regulation in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder [texte imprimé] / Alexandra P. KEY, Auteur ; Dorita JONES, Auteur ; Blythe A. CORBETT, Auteur . - p.712-728. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 15-4 (April 2022) . - p.712-728 Mots-clés : Adolescent  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Child  Emotional Regulation  Emotions/physiology  Evoked Potentials/physiology  Facial Expression  Female  Humans  Male  Sex Characteristics  autism  emotion  face  inhibition  sex  target detection Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism may be underdiagnosed in females because their social difficulties are often less noticeable. This study explored sex differences in automatic facial emotion processing in 45 adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (22 female, 23 male), age 10-16 years, performing active target detection task and Go/NoGo tasks where faces with positive and negative emotional expressions served as irrelevant distractors. The combined sample demonstrated more accurate performance on the target detection (response initiation) than the Go/NoGo task (response inhibition), replicating findings previously reported in typical participants. Females exhibited greater difficulty than males with response initiation in the target detection task, especially in the context of angry faces, while males found withholding a response in the Go/NoGo block with happy faces more challenging. Electrophysiological data revealed no sex differences or emotion discrimination effects during the early perceptual processing of faces indexed by the occipitotemporal N170. Autistic males demonstrated increased frontal N2 and parietal P3 amplitudes compared to females, suggesting greater neural resource allocation to automatic emotion regulation processes. The associations between standardized behavioral measures (autism severity, theory of mind skills) and brain responses also varied by sex: more adaptive social functioning was related to the speed of perceptual processing (N170 latency) in females and the extent of deliberate attention allocation (P3 amplitudes) in males. Together, these findings suggest that males and females with autism may rely on different strategies for social functioning and highlight the importance of considering sex differences in autism. LAY SUMMARY: Females with autism may exhibit less noticeable social difficulties than males. This study demonstrates that autistic females are more successful than males at inhibiting behavioral responses in emotional contexts, while males are more likely to initiate a response. At the neural level, social functioning in females is related to the speed of automatic perceptual processing of facial cues, and in males, to the extent of active attention allocation to the stimuli. These findings highlight the importance of considering sex differences in autism diagnosis and treatment selection. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2678 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=473

Social competence in autism: A structural equation modeling approach / Grace L. SIMMONS in Autism Research, 17-4 (April 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 17-4 (April 2024) . - p.761-774 Titre : Social competence in autism: A structural equation modeling approach Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Grace L. SIMMONS, Auteur ; Blythe A. CORBETT, Auteur ; Matthew D. LERNER, Auteur ; K. WOFFORD, Auteur ; Susan W. WHITE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.761-774 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Autistic individuals present with difficulties in social competence (e.g., navigating social interactions and fostering relationships). Clinical interventions widely target social cognition and social behavior, but there is inconsistent understanding of the underlying components of social competence. The present study used structural equation modeling to examine social cognition and social behavior and explore the relationship between these latent constructs. Autistic youth (ages 10-17; n = 219) and their caregivers participated in this study. Constructs of social cognition and social behavior were captured using caregiver-report and self-report rating scales, as well as observational measures and direct clinical assessments (e.g., NEPSY-II). Measurement models of social cognition and social behavior demonstrated adequate to good fit. Correlational models demonstrated adequate to poor fit, indicating latent constructs of social cognition and social behavior are not closely related in autistic youth. Exploratory examination of a subsample of male youth (n = 157) evidenced improved model fit of social behavior, specifically. Findings tease apart social cognition and social behavior as cohesive and separable constructs; results do not support a structural relationship between social cognition and social behavior. Noted treatment implications include consideration of how targeting social cognition and social behavior together or separately may support autistic youth's progress toward reaching their identified therapeutic goals and supporting their self-directed social development. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3108 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=526 [article] Social competence in autism: A structural equation modeling approach [texte imprimé] / Grace L. SIMMONS, Auteur ; Blythe A. CORBETT, Auteur ; Matthew D. LERNER, Auteur ; K. WOFFORD, Auteur ; Susan W. WHITE, Auteur . - p.761-774. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 17-4 (April 2024) . - p.761-774 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Autistic individuals present with difficulties in social competence (e.g., navigating social interactions and fostering relationships). Clinical interventions widely target social cognition and social behavior, but there is inconsistent understanding of the underlying components of social competence. The present study used structural equation modeling to examine social cognition and social behavior and explore the relationship between these latent constructs. Autistic youth (ages 10-17; n = 219) and their caregivers participated in this study. Constructs of social cognition and social behavior were captured using caregiver-report and self-report rating scales, as well as observational measures and direct clinical assessments (e.g., NEPSY-II). Measurement models of social cognition and social behavior demonstrated adequate to good fit. Correlational models demonstrated adequate to poor fit, indicating latent constructs of social cognition and social behavior are not closely related in autistic youth. Exploratory examination of a subsample of male youth (n = 157) evidenced improved model fit of social behavior, specifically. Findings tease apart social cognition and social behavior as cohesive and separable constructs; results do not support a structural relationship between social cognition and social behavior. Noted treatment implications include consideration of how targeting social cognition and social behavior together or separately may support autistic youth's progress toward reaching their identified therapeutic goals and supporting their self-directed social development. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3108 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=526

Social context in stress and autism: comparing physiological profiles across two social paradigms in youth with and without autism spectrum disorder / Rachael A. MUSCATELLO in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 112 (April 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 112 (April 2024) . - p.102354 Titre : Social context in stress and autism: comparing physiological profiles across two social paradigms in youth with and without autism spectrum disorder Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Rachael A. MUSCATELLO, Auteur ; Trey MCGONIGLE, Auteur ; Simon VANDEKAR, Auteur ; Blythe A. CORBETT, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.102354 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  Heart rate  Cortisol  Social  Stress  Interaction Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background The social world is often stressful for individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Research shows youth with ASD demonstrate physiological hyperreactivity to some social stressors (e.g., interaction) but not others (e.g., evaluation); therefore, this study examined diagnosis (ASD or typical development (TD)), social context, perceived anxiety, and physiological responsivity across multiple stress systems; namely, the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis and autonomic nervous system (ANS). Method This study examined 244 ten-to-thirteen-year-olds with ASD (N = 140) or TD (N = 104). Physiological responses, measured by salivary cortisol, heart rate (HR), and respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), were assessed before and after a social evaluative threat paradigm (Trier Social Stress Test; TSST) and social interaction (Trier Social Stress Test- Friendly; TSST-F). Mediation models examined the relationships between anxiety, diagnosis, and physiology. Results Significant three-way interactions were observed for cortisol (p = 0.007) and HR (p = 0.002), suggesting diagnostic groups respond differently across context and time points. There was no significant interaction for RSA (p = 0.149), although ASD youth had significantly lower RSA overall (p = 0.038). State and trait anxiety did not mediate the relationship between diagnosis and physiology (all p > 0.05). Conclusions Findings emphasize the critical role of context and a multisystem approach in examination of physiological social stress in youth with ASD. Results provide a foundation to elucidate unique response patterns across physiological systems to more precisely identify those with heightened physiological arousal across social contexts. It is proposed that future identification of subtypes may ultimately inform approaches for enhancing social engagement. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2024.102354 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=524 [article] Social context in stress and autism: comparing physiological profiles across two social paradigms in youth with and without autism spectrum disorder [texte imprimé] / Rachael A. MUSCATELLO, Auteur ; Trey MCGONIGLE, Auteur ; Simon VANDEKAR, Auteur ; Blythe A. CORBETT, Auteur . - p.102354. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 112 (April 2024) . - p.102354 Mots-clés : Autism  Heart rate  Cortisol  Social  Stress  Interaction Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background The social world is often stressful for individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Research shows youth with ASD demonstrate physiological hyperreactivity to some social stressors (e.g., interaction) but not others (e.g., evaluation); therefore, this study examined diagnosis (ASD or typical development (TD)), social context, perceived anxiety, and physiological responsivity across multiple stress systems; namely, the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis and autonomic nervous system (ANS). Method This study examined 244 ten-to-thirteen-year-olds with ASD (N = 140) or TD (N = 104). Physiological responses, measured by salivary cortisol, heart rate (HR), and respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), were assessed before and after a social evaluative threat paradigm (Trier Social Stress Test; TSST) and social interaction (Trier Social Stress Test- Friendly; TSST-F). Mediation models examined the relationships between anxiety, diagnosis, and physiology. Results Significant three-way interactions were observed for cortisol (p = 0.007) and HR (p = 0.002), suggesting diagnostic groups respond differently across context and time points. There was no significant interaction for RSA (p = 0.149), although ASD youth had significantly lower RSA overall (p = 0.038). State and trait anxiety did not mediate the relationship between diagnosis and physiology (all p > 0.05). Conclusions Findings emphasize the critical role of context and a multisystem approach in examination of physiological social stress in youth with ASD. Results provide a foundation to elucidate unique response patterns across physiological systems to more precisely identify those with heightened physiological arousal across social contexts. It is proposed that future identification of subtypes may ultimately inform approaches for enhancing social engagement. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2024.102354 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=524

The developmental trajectory of diurnal cortisol in autistic and neurotypical youth / Blythe A. CORBETT in Development and Psychopathology, 36-4 (October 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 36-4 (October 2024) . - p.1570-1581 Titre : The developmental trajectory of diurnal cortisol in autistic and neurotypical youth Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Blythe A. CORBETT, Auteur ; Trey MCGONIGLE, Auteur ; Rachael A. MUSCATELLO, Auteur ; Jinyuan LIU, Auteur ; Simon VANDEKAR, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1570-1581 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  Cortisol  Diurnal  Puberty Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Increasing age and puberty affect the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis maturation, which is likely associated with an increase in environmental demands (e.g., social) and vulnerability for the onset of psychiatric conditions (e.g., depression). There is limited research as to whether such patterns are consonant in youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), a condition marked by social challenges, dysregulation of the HPA axis, and higher rates of depression setting the stage for enhanced vulnerability during this developmental period.The current study interrogated diurnal cortisol by examining (1) cortisol expression longitudinally over the pubertal transition between autistic and neurotypical youth, (2) the trajectory of diurnal cortisol and the unique contributions of age vs. puberty, and (3) potential sex differences. As hypothesized, results indicate autistic compared to typically developing youth demonstrate a shallower diurnal slope and elevated evening cortisol. These differences were in the context of higher cortisol and flatter rhythms based on age and pubertal development. Also, sex-based differences emerged such that females in both groups had higher cortisol, flatter slopes, and higher evening cortisol than males. The results show that despite the trait-like stability of diurnal cortisol, HPA maturation is impacted by age, puberty, sex, as well as an ASD diagnosis. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579423000810 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=539 [article] The developmental trajectory of diurnal cortisol in autistic and neurotypical youth [texte imprimé] / Blythe A. CORBETT, Auteur ; Trey MCGONIGLE, Auteur ; Rachael A. MUSCATELLO, Auteur ; Jinyuan LIU, Auteur ; Simon VANDEKAR, Auteur . - p.1570-1581. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 36-4 (October 2024) . - p.1570-1581 Mots-clés : Autism  Cortisol  Diurnal  Puberty Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Increasing age and puberty affect the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis maturation, which is likely associated with an increase in environmental demands (e.g., social) and vulnerability for the onset of psychiatric conditions (e.g., depression). There is limited research as to whether such patterns are consonant in youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), a condition marked by social challenges, dysregulation of the HPA axis, and higher rates of depression setting the stage for enhanced vulnerability during this developmental period.The current study interrogated diurnal cortisol by examining (1) cortisol expression longitudinally over the pubertal transition between autistic and neurotypical youth, (2) the trajectory of diurnal cortisol and the unique contributions of age vs. puberty, and (3) potential sex differences. As hypothesized, results indicate autistic compared to typically developing youth demonstrate a shallower diurnal slope and elevated evening cortisol. These differences were in the context of higher cortisol and flatter rhythms based on age and pubertal development. Also, sex-based differences emerged such that females in both groups had higher cortisol, flatter slopes, and higher evening cortisol than males. The results show that despite the trait-like stability of diurnal cortisol, HPA maturation is impacted by age, puberty, sex, as well as an ASD diagnosis. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579423000810 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=539

The impact of COVID-19 on stress, anxiety, and coping in youth with and without autism and their parents / Blythe A. CORBETT in Autism Research, 14-7 (July 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 14-7 (July 2021) . - p.1496-1511 Titre : The impact of COVID-19 on stress, anxiety, and coping in youth with and without autism and their parents Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Blythe A. CORBETT, Auteur ; Rachael A. MUSCATELLO, Auteur ; Mark E. KLEMENCIC, Auteur ; Jessica M. SCHWARTZMAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1496-1511 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adaptation, Psychological  Adolescent  Adult  Anxiety/complications  Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications/epidemiology  Autistic Disorder  Covid-19  Humans  Pandemics  Parents  SARS-CoV-2  anxiety  autism  coping  stress Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : In the wake of COVID-19, the world has become a more uncertain environment-a breeding ground for stress and anxiety, especially for individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The study examined stress, anxiety, and coping in a data-driven, real-time assessment of 122 youth with and without ASD and their parents at the height of the COVID-19 shutdown and three-months later. Standardized measures were administered to ascertain stress and coping explicitly related to the pandemic (RSQ COVID-19-Child [self-report], Adult [self-report from the guardian of youth], Parent [report about child]) and anxiety (STAI-C, STAI-A). Multivariate, univariate analyses of variance and hierarchical regression were used. ASD youth endorsed more Trait anxiety and response to specific stressors (e.g., virus). Caregivers of youth with ASD (Adults) self-reported higher anxiety, yet scores were elevated for both groups. Adults of youth with ASD reported more stress, especially related to the virus, access to healthcare, and concern for the future. In the TD group, youth and adults used more Primary and Secondary Control Coping whereas ASD youth and adults used more Disengagement Coping. Adult stress was the primary predictor of parent perception of child stress as well as Child self-reported stress. While the ASD group was consistently high compared to the TD group, there were no significant changes over time for stress or anxiety. Results reveal striking differences in youth with ASD and their parents regarding stress, anxiety, and coping. Findings highlight the need for essential support, access to services, and strategies to enhance psychological and emotional well-being. LAY SUMMARY: This study examined stress, anxiety, and coping related to the COVID-19 pandemic in 61 youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and 61 youth with typical development (TD) and their parents. Results showed that ASD youth reported more anxiety and stress. Adults of youth with ASD indicated higher self-reported anxiety and stress than adults of TD youth. TD youth and their parents reported using more adaptive coping strategies. Findings highlight the need for strategies to enhance psychological and emotional well-being. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2521 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449 [article] The impact of COVID-19 on stress, anxiety, and coping in youth with and without autism and their parents [texte imprimé] / Blythe A. CORBETT, Auteur ; Rachael A. MUSCATELLO, Auteur ; Mark E. KLEMENCIC, Auteur ; Jessica M. SCHWARTZMAN, Auteur . - p.1496-1511. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 14-7 (July 2021) . - p.1496-1511 Mots-clés : Adaptation, Psychological  Adolescent  Adult  Anxiety/complications  Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications/epidemiology  Autistic Disorder  Covid-19  Humans  Pandemics  Parents  SARS-CoV-2  anxiety  autism  coping  stress Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : In the wake of COVID-19, the world has become a more uncertain environment-a breeding ground for stress and anxiety, especially for individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The study examined stress, anxiety, and coping in a data-driven, real-time assessment of 122 youth with and without ASD and their parents at the height of the COVID-19 shutdown and three-months later. Standardized measures were administered to ascertain stress and coping explicitly related to the pandemic (RSQ COVID-19-Child [self-report], Adult [self-report from the guardian of youth], Parent [report about child]) and anxiety (STAI-C, STAI-A). Multivariate, univariate analyses of variance and hierarchical regression were used. ASD youth endorsed more Trait anxiety and response to specific stressors (e.g., virus). Caregivers of youth with ASD (Adults) self-reported higher anxiety, yet scores were elevated for both groups. Adults of youth with ASD reported more stress, especially related to the virus, access to healthcare, and concern for the future. In the TD group, youth and adults used more Primary and Secondary Control Coping whereas ASD youth and adults used more Disengagement Coping. Adult stress was the primary predictor of parent perception of child stress as well as Child self-reported stress. While the ASD group was consistently high compared to the TD group, there were no significant changes over time for stress or anxiety. Results reveal striking differences in youth with ASD and their parents regarding stress, anxiety, and coping. Findings highlight the need for essential support, access to services, and strategies to enhance psychological and emotional well-being. LAY SUMMARY: This study examined stress, anxiety, and coping related to the COVID-19 pandemic in 61 youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and 61 youth with typical development (TD) and their parents. Results showed that ASD youth reported more anxiety and stress. Adults of youth with ASD indicated higher self-reported anxiety and stress than adults of TD youth. TD youth and their parents reported using more adaptive coping strategies. Findings highlight the need for strategies to enhance psychological and emotional well-being. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2521 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449

The Role of Everyday Executive Function in Observed Social Symptoms of Autism Spectrum Disorder / Rachael A. MUSCATELLO ; Blythe A. CORBETT in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 55-7 (July 2025)  

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Trajectory of depressive symptoms over adolescence in autistic and neurotypical youth / Blythe A. CORBETT in Molecular Autism, 15 (2024)  

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Utility of an Observational Social Skill Assessment as a Measure of Social Cognition in Autism / Grace Lee SIMMONS in Autism Research, 14-4 (April 2021)  

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Verbal ability, social stress, and anxiety in children with Autistic Disorder / Kimberly E. LANNI in Autism, 16-2 (March 2012)  

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