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Détail de l'auteur
Auteur J. BLACK |
Documents disponibles écrits par cet auteur (2)
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Autistic Adults are Not Impaired at Maintaining or Switching Between Counterfactual and Factual Worlds: An ERP Study / H. J. FERGUSON in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 52-1 (January 2022)
[article]
Titre : Autistic Adults are Not Impaired at Maintaining or Switching Between Counterfactual and Factual Worlds: An ERP Study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : H. J. FERGUSON, Auteur ; L. WIMMER, Auteur ; J. BLACK, Auteur ; Mahsa BARZY, Auteur ; D. WILLIAMS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.349-360 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult Autism Spectrum Disorder Autistic Disorder/diagnosis Brain Comprehension Evoked Potentials Humans Reading Autism Counterfactuals Event-related potentials Language comprehension N400 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We report an event-related brain potential (ERP) experiment that tests whether autistic adults are able to maintain and switch between counterfactual and factual worlds. Participants (N?=?48) read scenarios that set up a factual or counterfactual scenario, then either maintained the counterfactual world or switched back to the factual world. When the context maintained the world, participants showed appropriate detection of the inconsistent critical word. In contrast, when participants had to switch from a counterfactual to factual world, they initially experienced interference from the counterfactual context, then favoured the factual interpretation of events. None of these effects were modulated by group, despite group-level impairments in Theory of Mind and cognitive flexibility among the autistic adults. These results demonstrate that autistic adults can appropriately use complex contextual cues to maintain and/or update mental representations of counterfactual and factual events. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-04939-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=455
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 52-1 (January 2022) . - p.349-360[article] Autistic Adults are Not Impaired at Maintaining or Switching Between Counterfactual and Factual Worlds: An ERP Study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / H. J. FERGUSON, Auteur ; L. WIMMER, Auteur ; J. BLACK, Auteur ; Mahsa BARZY, Auteur ; D. WILLIAMS, Auteur . - p.349-360.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 52-1 (January 2022) . - p.349-360
Mots-clés : Adult Autism Spectrum Disorder Autistic Disorder/diagnosis Brain Comprehension Evoked Potentials Humans Reading Autism Counterfactuals Event-related potentials Language comprehension N400 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We report an event-related brain potential (ERP) experiment that tests whether autistic adults are able to maintain and switch between counterfactual and factual worlds. Participants (N?=?48) read scenarios that set up a factual or counterfactual scenario, then either maintained the counterfactual world or switched back to the factual world. When the context maintained the world, participants showed appropriate detection of the inconsistent critical word. In contrast, when participants had to switch from a counterfactual to factual world, they initially experienced interference from the counterfactual context, then favoured the factual interpretation of events. None of these effects were modulated by group, despite group-level impairments in Theory of Mind and cognitive flexibility among the autistic adults. These results demonstrate that autistic adults can appropriately use complex contextual cues to maintain and/or update mental representations of counterfactual and factual events. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-04939-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=455 Intact counterfactual emotion processing in autism spectrum disorder: Evidence from eye-tracking / J. BLACK in Autism Research, 12-3 (March 2019)
[article]
Titre : Intact counterfactual emotion processing in autism spectrum disorder: Evidence from eye-tracking Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : J. BLACK, Auteur ; Mahsa BARZY, Auteur ; D. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; H. FERGUSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.422-444 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : anomaly detection autism spectrum disorder counterfactual emotions eye-tracking reading regret relief Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Counterfactual emotions, such as regret and relief, require an awareness of how things could have been different. We report a preregistered experiment that examines how adults with and without ASD process counterfactual emotions in real-time, based on research showing that the developmental trajectory of counterfactual thinking may be disrupted in people with ASD. Participants were eye-tracked as they read narratives in which a character made an explicit decision then subsequently experienced either a mildly negative or positive outcome. The final sentence in each story included an explicit remark about the character's mood that was either consistent or inconsistent with the character's expected feelings of regret or relief (e.g., "... she feels happy/annoyed about her decision."). Results showed that adults with ASD are unimpaired in processing emotions based on counterfactual reasoning, and in fact showed earlier sensitivity to inconsistencies within relief contexts compared to TD participants. This finding highlights a previously unknown strength in empathy and emotion processing in adults with ASD, which may have been masked in previous research that has typically relied on explicit, response-based measures to record emotional inferences, which are likely to be susceptible to demand characteristics and response biases. Therefore, this study highlights the value of employing implicit measures that provide insights on peoples' immediate responses to emotional content without disrupting ongoing processing. Autism Res 2019, 12: 422-444 (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Despite known difficulties with empathy and perspective-taking, we found that adults with autism are unimpaired at inferring complex emotions (regret and relief) in others. This finding extends existing evidence showing dysfunctional counterfactual thinking in children with autism. We highlight the value of using implicit measures to identify strengths and abilities in ASD that may be masked by explicit tasks that require participants to interact socially or report their own thoughts. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2056 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=387
in Autism Research > 12-3 (March 2019) . - p.422-444[article] Intact counterfactual emotion processing in autism spectrum disorder: Evidence from eye-tracking [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / J. BLACK, Auteur ; Mahsa BARZY, Auteur ; D. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; H. FERGUSON, Auteur . - p.422-444.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 12-3 (March 2019) . - p.422-444
Mots-clés : anomaly detection autism spectrum disorder counterfactual emotions eye-tracking reading regret relief Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Counterfactual emotions, such as regret and relief, require an awareness of how things could have been different. We report a preregistered experiment that examines how adults with and without ASD process counterfactual emotions in real-time, based on research showing that the developmental trajectory of counterfactual thinking may be disrupted in people with ASD. Participants were eye-tracked as they read narratives in which a character made an explicit decision then subsequently experienced either a mildly negative or positive outcome. The final sentence in each story included an explicit remark about the character's mood that was either consistent or inconsistent with the character's expected feelings of regret or relief (e.g., "... she feels happy/annoyed about her decision."). Results showed that adults with ASD are unimpaired in processing emotions based on counterfactual reasoning, and in fact showed earlier sensitivity to inconsistencies within relief contexts compared to TD participants. This finding highlights a previously unknown strength in empathy and emotion processing in adults with ASD, which may have been masked in previous research that has typically relied on explicit, response-based measures to record emotional inferences, which are likely to be susceptible to demand characteristics and response biases. Therefore, this study highlights the value of employing implicit measures that provide insights on peoples' immediate responses to emotional content without disrupting ongoing processing. Autism Res 2019, 12: 422-444 (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Despite known difficulties with empathy and perspective-taking, we found that adults with autism are unimpaired at inferring complex emotions (regret and relief) in others. This finding extends existing evidence showing dysfunctional counterfactual thinking in children with autism. We highlight the value of using implicit measures to identify strengths and abilities in ASD that may be masked by explicit tasks that require participants to interact socially or report their own thoughts. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2056 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=387