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Auteur Gretchen R. B. SAUNDERS |
Documents disponibles écrits par cet auteur (2)
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Longitudinal effects and environmental moderation of ALDH2 and ADH1B gene variants on substance use from age 14 to 40 / Gretchen R. B. SAUNDERS in Development and Psychopathology, 34-5 (December 2022)
[article]
Titre : Longitudinal effects and environmental moderation of ALDH2 and ADH1B gene variants on substance use from age 14 to 40 Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Gretchen R. B. SAUNDERS, Auteur ; Matt MCGUE, Auteur ; William G. IACONO, Auteur ; Scott VRIEZE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1856-1864 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : alcohol development longitudinal Mendelian randomization trajectory Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Alcohol use and dependence are strongly affected by variation in aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH2) and, to a lesser extent, alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH1B) genes. We use this genetic variation with an adoption design to test the causal role of alcohol use on other drug use, as well as the moderating role of adoptive parent, sibling, and peer alcohol use. Longitudinal models were run on 412 genotyped adopted individuals of East Asian ancestry with multiple assessments between ages 14 and 40. We found robust associations between alcohol frequency, quantity, and maximum drinks and ALDH2, but not ADH1B, status. The magnitude of the ALDH2 protective effect increased with age, particularly for maximum drinks, though estimates were smaller than previously reported in ancestrally similar individuals in East/North-East Asian countries. These results suggest that sociocultural factors in Minnesota may reduce the protective effects of ALDH2. We found that peer alcohol use, but not parent or sibling use, predicted adopted offspring’s use, and that these environmental influences did not vary by ALDH2 status. Finally, we did not find strong evidence of associations between ALDH2 status and tobacco, marijuana, or illegal drug use, contrary to expectation if alcohol serves as a gateway to use of other drugs. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579422000712 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=492
in Development and Psychopathology > 34-5 (December 2022) . - p.1856-1864[article] Longitudinal effects and environmental moderation of ALDH2 and ADH1B gene variants on substance use from age 14 to 40 [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Gretchen R. B. SAUNDERS, Auteur ; Matt MCGUE, Auteur ; William G. IACONO, Auteur ; Scott VRIEZE, Auteur . - p.1856-1864.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Development and Psychopathology > 34-5 (December 2022) . - p.1856-1864
Mots-clés : alcohol development longitudinal Mendelian randomization trajectory Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Alcohol use and dependence are strongly affected by variation in aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH2) and, to a lesser extent, alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH1B) genes. We use this genetic variation with an adoption design to test the causal role of alcohol use on other drug use, as well as the moderating role of adoptive parent, sibling, and peer alcohol use. Longitudinal models were run on 412 genotyped adopted individuals of East Asian ancestry with multiple assessments between ages 14 and 40. We found robust associations between alcohol frequency, quantity, and maximum drinks and ALDH2, but not ADH1B, status. The magnitude of the ALDH2 protective effect increased with age, particularly for maximum drinks, though estimates were smaller than previously reported in ancestrally similar individuals in East/North-East Asian countries. These results suggest that sociocultural factors in Minnesota may reduce the protective effects of ALDH2. We found that peer alcohol use, but not parent or sibling use, predicted adopted offspring’s use, and that these environmental influences did not vary by ALDH2 status. Finally, we did not find strong evidence of associations between ALDH2 status and tobacco, marijuana, or illegal drug use, contrary to expectation if alcohol serves as a gateway to use of other drugs. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579422000712 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=492 Mediating pathways from childhood ADHD to adolescent tobacco and marijuana problems: roles of peer impairment, internalizing, adolescent ADHD symptoms, and gender / I. J. ELKINS in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 59-10 (October 2018)
[article]
Titre : Mediating pathways from childhood ADHD to adolescent tobacco and marijuana problems: roles of peer impairment, internalizing, adolescent ADHD symptoms, and gender Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : I. J. ELKINS, Auteur ; Gretchen R. B. SAUNDERS, Auteur ; S. M. MALONE, Auteur ; S. WILSON, Auteur ; M. MCGUE, Auteur ; W. G. IACONO, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1083-1093 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adhd gender difference longitudinal studies substance use twins Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: We examined whether increased risk for adolescent tobacco and marijuana problems associated with childhood ADHD is explained by key intermediary influences during adolescence and differs by gender. METHODS: Longitudinal structural equation models examined mediating effects on problems with both substances (or each substance separately) through age-14 peer impairment, internalizing, and adolescent ADHD symptoms in two twin samples, prospectively assessed since age 11 (N = 2,164). Whether these mediators contributed beyond mediating effects of early-adolescent substance use was also considered. Twin difference analyses further illuminated which mediators might be potentially causal. RESULTS: Direct effects of childhood ADHD on age-17 tobacco and marijuana problems (i.e., independent of included mediators) as well as effects of adolescent ADHD symptoms were significant only for females. By contrast, mediation by peer impairment, evident particularly for marijuana, was relatively stronger for males than females. Depression and anxiety were not prospectively associated with age-17 substance problems when earlier substance problems were considered. Consistent with causal influence of early substance use on later problems, monozygotic twins with more severe tobacco or marijuana problems at age 14 than their co-twins were also more likely to have substance problems later in adolescence. CONCLUSIONS: Mediation through peer impairment, continued presence of ADHD symptoms, and early substance use may alter development so that childhood ADHD indirectly contributes to problems with tobacco and marijuana. Targeting gender-sensitive interventions prior to mid-adolescence, before these patterns become established, is essential. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12977 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=369
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 59-10 (October 2018) . - p.1083-1093[article] Mediating pathways from childhood ADHD to adolescent tobacco and marijuana problems: roles of peer impairment, internalizing, adolescent ADHD symptoms, and gender [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / I. J. ELKINS, Auteur ; Gretchen R. B. SAUNDERS, Auteur ; S. M. MALONE, Auteur ; S. WILSON, Auteur ; M. MCGUE, Auteur ; W. G. IACONO, Auteur . - p.1083-1093.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 59-10 (October 2018) . - p.1083-1093
Mots-clés : Adhd gender difference longitudinal studies substance use twins Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: We examined whether increased risk for adolescent tobacco and marijuana problems associated with childhood ADHD is explained by key intermediary influences during adolescence and differs by gender. METHODS: Longitudinal structural equation models examined mediating effects on problems with both substances (or each substance separately) through age-14 peer impairment, internalizing, and adolescent ADHD symptoms in two twin samples, prospectively assessed since age 11 (N = 2,164). Whether these mediators contributed beyond mediating effects of early-adolescent substance use was also considered. Twin difference analyses further illuminated which mediators might be potentially causal. RESULTS: Direct effects of childhood ADHD on age-17 tobacco and marijuana problems (i.e., independent of included mediators) as well as effects of adolescent ADHD symptoms were significant only for females. By contrast, mediation by peer impairment, evident particularly for marijuana, was relatively stronger for males than females. Depression and anxiety were not prospectively associated with age-17 substance problems when earlier substance problems were considered. Consistent with causal influence of early substance use on later problems, monozygotic twins with more severe tobacco or marijuana problems at age 14 than their co-twins were also more likely to have substance problems later in adolescence. CONCLUSIONS: Mediation through peer impairment, continued presence of ADHD symptoms, and early substance use may alter development so that childhood ADHD indirectly contributes to problems with tobacco and marijuana. Targeting gender-sensitive interventions prior to mid-adolescence, before these patterns become established, is essential. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12977 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=369