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Alexithymic and autistic traits: Relevance for comorbid depression and social phobia in adults with and without autism spectrum disorder / Laura ALBANTAKIS in Autism, 24-8 (November 2020)
[article]
Titre : Alexithymic and autistic traits: Relevance for comorbid depression and social phobia in adults with and without autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Laura ALBANTAKIS, Auteur ; Marie-Luise BRANDI, Auteur ; Imme Christina ZILLEKENS, Auteur ; Lara HENCO, Auteur ; Leonie WEINDEL, Auteur ; Hanna THALER, Auteur ; Lena SCHLIEPHAKE, Auteur ; Bert TIMMERMANS, Auteur ; Leonhard SCHILBACH, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2046-2056 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : *adults *alexithymia *autism spectrum disorder *depression *psychiatric comorbidity *social phobia Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Adults with autism often develop mental health problems such as depression and social phobia. The reasons for this are still unclear. Many studies found that alexithymia plays an important role in mental health problems like depression. People with alexithymia have difficulties identifying and describing their emotions. Almost every second person with autism has alexithymia. Therefore, we explored in this study whether alexithymia is linked to worse mental health in autistic people. We looked at two common diagnoses, depression and social phobia. We found that alexithymia increased symptoms of depression, while autistic traits increased symptoms of social phobia. Our results suggest that alexithymia and autistic traits can increase the risk of mental health problems. An early assessment could help prevent mental health problems and improve quality of life. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320936024 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=431
in Autism > 24-8 (November 2020) . - p.2046-2056[article] Alexithymic and autistic traits: Relevance for comorbid depression and social phobia in adults with and without autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Laura ALBANTAKIS, Auteur ; Marie-Luise BRANDI, Auteur ; Imme Christina ZILLEKENS, Auteur ; Lara HENCO, Auteur ; Leonie WEINDEL, Auteur ; Hanna THALER, Auteur ; Lena SCHLIEPHAKE, Auteur ; Bert TIMMERMANS, Auteur ; Leonhard SCHILBACH, Auteur . - p.2046-2056.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism > 24-8 (November 2020) . - p.2046-2056
Mots-clés : *adults *alexithymia *autism spectrum disorder *depression *psychiatric comorbidity *social phobia Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Adults with autism often develop mental health problems such as depression and social phobia. The reasons for this are still unclear. Many studies found that alexithymia plays an important role in mental health problems like depression. People with alexithymia have difficulties identifying and describing their emotions. Almost every second person with autism has alexithymia. Therefore, we explored in this study whether alexithymia is linked to worse mental health in autistic people. We looked at two common diagnoses, depression and social phobia. We found that alexithymia increased symptoms of depression, while autistic traits increased symptoms of social phobia. Our results suggest that alexithymia and autistic traits can increase the risk of mental health problems. An early assessment could help prevent mental health problems and improve quality of life. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320936024 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=431 Assessing subtypes of restricted and repetitive behaviour using the Adult Repetitive Behaviour Questionnaire-2 in autistic adults / Sarah L. BARRETT in Molecular Autism, 9 (2018)
[article]
Titre : Assessing subtypes of restricted and repetitive behaviour using the Adult Repetitive Behaviour Questionnaire-2 in autistic adults Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sarah L. BARRETT, Auteur ; M. ULJAREVIC, Auteur ; Catherine R. G. JONES, Auteur ; S. R. LEEKAM, Auteur Article en page(s) : 58 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent Adult Aged Autistic Disorder/classification/*diagnosis Female Humans Male Middle Aged *Stereotyped Behavior Surveys and Questionnaires/*standards *Adults *Insistence on sameness *Principal components analysis *Questionnaire *Repetitive behaviours *Repetitive sensory and motor behaviours the Cardiff University School of Psychology Research Ethics Committee (EC.14.04.08.3784R2A3). All participants provided informed electronic consent before taking part in the study.Not applicableThe authors declare that they have no competing interests.Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: The majority of previous research into restricted and repetitive behaviours (RRBs) has focussed on children, partly due to a lack of suitable measures for RRBs in adults. This study aimed to explore the psychometric properties of the Adult Repetitive Behaviour Questionnaire-2 (RBQ-2A) in a large sample of autistic adults using a self-report questionnaire method. Methods: The RBQ-2A and Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ) were administered online. Data from 275 autistic adults aged 18-66 (M = 36.56, SD = 12.24; 100 men and 171 women) were analysed using polychoric principal components analysis (PCA). Reliability and validity were assessed using Cronbach's alpha and correlation analyses. Results: PCA resulted in two components of the RBQ-2A, interpretable as repetitive sensory and motor behaviours (RSMB) and insistence on sameness (IS). Both components showed acceptable internal consistency (alpha = .70 and .81 respectively) and were significantly moderately correlated with scores on the AQ (r s = .25 and .42). Participants' scores on IS were higher than their scores on RSMB. RSMB, but not IS, was negatively associated with age, particularly in older adults (>/= 50 years). There were no gender differences. Conclusions: The RBQ-2A is a reliable and valid self-report measure of RRBs in the present sample of autistic adults. As one of the few measures of RRBs aimed at adults, it is suitable for adults with the ability to read and complete a self-report questionnaire. Results build on previous work with children using the Repetitive Behaviour Questionnaire-2 (RBQ-2). En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-018-0242-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=389
in Molecular Autism > 9 (2018) . - 58 p.[article] Assessing subtypes of restricted and repetitive behaviour using the Adult Repetitive Behaviour Questionnaire-2 in autistic adults [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sarah L. BARRETT, Auteur ; M. ULJAREVIC, Auteur ; Catherine R. G. JONES, Auteur ; S. R. LEEKAM, Auteur . - 58 p.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Molecular Autism > 9 (2018) . - 58 p.
Mots-clés : Adolescent Adult Aged Autistic Disorder/classification/*diagnosis Female Humans Male Middle Aged *Stereotyped Behavior Surveys and Questionnaires/*standards *Adults *Insistence on sameness *Principal components analysis *Questionnaire *Repetitive behaviours *Repetitive sensory and motor behaviours the Cardiff University School of Psychology Research Ethics Committee (EC.14.04.08.3784R2A3). All participants provided informed electronic consent before taking part in the study.Not applicableThe authors declare that they have no competing interests.Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: The majority of previous research into restricted and repetitive behaviours (RRBs) has focussed on children, partly due to a lack of suitable measures for RRBs in adults. This study aimed to explore the psychometric properties of the Adult Repetitive Behaviour Questionnaire-2 (RBQ-2A) in a large sample of autistic adults using a self-report questionnaire method. Methods: The RBQ-2A and Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ) were administered online. Data from 275 autistic adults aged 18-66 (M = 36.56, SD = 12.24; 100 men and 171 women) were analysed using polychoric principal components analysis (PCA). Reliability and validity were assessed using Cronbach's alpha and correlation analyses. Results: PCA resulted in two components of the RBQ-2A, interpretable as repetitive sensory and motor behaviours (RSMB) and insistence on sameness (IS). Both components showed acceptable internal consistency (alpha = .70 and .81 respectively) and were significantly moderately correlated with scores on the AQ (r s = .25 and .42). Participants' scores on IS were higher than their scores on RSMB. RSMB, but not IS, was negatively associated with age, particularly in older adults (>/= 50 years). There were no gender differences. Conclusions: The RBQ-2A is a reliable and valid self-report measure of RRBs in the present sample of autistic adults. As one of the few measures of RRBs aimed at adults, it is suitable for adults with the ability to read and complete a self-report questionnaire. Results build on previous work with children using the Repetitive Behaviour Questionnaire-2 (RBQ-2). En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-018-0242-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=389 Assessing the convergence of self-report and informant measures for adults with autism spectrum disorder / Rachel K. SANDERCOCK in Autism, 24-8 (November 2020)
[article]
Titre : Assessing the convergence of self-report and informant measures for adults with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Rachel K. SANDERCOCK, Auteur ; Elena M. LAMARCHE, Auteur ; Mark R. KLINGER, Auteur ; Laura G. KLINGER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2256-2268 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : *adults *assessment *autism spectrum disorder *self-report Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Self-report measures are frequently used for research and clinical assessments of adults with autism spectrum disorder. However, there has been little research examining agreement between self-report and informant-report in this population. Valid self-report measures are essential for conducting research with and providing high quality clinical services for adults with autism spectrum disorder. This study collected measures from 40 pairs of adults with autism spectrum disorder and their caregivers on measures of symptom severity, daily living skills, quality of life, and unmet service needs. Caregiver and self-report responses were highly associated with one another on all measures, though there were significant gaps between scores on the measures of daily living skills and quality of life. It is also important to understand how each informant's responses relate to outcomes in the areas of employment and independent living. Using self-report and caregiver-report together better predicted outcomes for the adult with autism spectrum disorder than scores from either individual reporter alone. These findings show that there is unique and valuable information provided by both adults with autism spectrum disorder and their caregivers; a multi-informant approach is important for obtaining the most comprehensive picture of current functioning, identifying unmet service needs, and creating treatment plans. This research also highlights the importance of including and prioritizing self-report perspectives in shaping service planning. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320942981 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=432
in Autism > 24-8 (November 2020) . - p.2256-2268[article] Assessing the convergence of self-report and informant measures for adults with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Rachel K. SANDERCOCK, Auteur ; Elena M. LAMARCHE, Auteur ; Mark R. KLINGER, Auteur ; Laura G. KLINGER, Auteur . - p.2256-2268.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism > 24-8 (November 2020) . - p.2256-2268
Mots-clés : *adults *assessment *autism spectrum disorder *self-report Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Self-report measures are frequently used for research and clinical assessments of adults with autism spectrum disorder. However, there has been little research examining agreement between self-report and informant-report in this population. Valid self-report measures are essential for conducting research with and providing high quality clinical services for adults with autism spectrum disorder. This study collected measures from 40 pairs of adults with autism spectrum disorder and their caregivers on measures of symptom severity, daily living skills, quality of life, and unmet service needs. Caregiver and self-report responses were highly associated with one another on all measures, though there were significant gaps between scores on the measures of daily living skills and quality of life. It is also important to understand how each informant's responses relate to outcomes in the areas of employment and independent living. Using self-report and caregiver-report together better predicted outcomes for the adult with autism spectrum disorder than scores from either individual reporter alone. These findings show that there is unique and valuable information provided by both adults with autism spectrum disorder and their caregivers; a multi-informant approach is important for obtaining the most comprehensive picture of current functioning, identifying unmet service needs, and creating treatment plans. This research also highlights the importance of including and prioritizing self-report perspectives in shaping service planning. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320942981 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=432 Making sense of the perceptual capacities in autistic and non-autistic adults / Jana BRINKERT in Autism, 24-7 (October 2020)
[article]
Titre : Making sense of the perceptual capacities in autistic and non-autistic adults Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jana BRINKERT, Auteur ; Anna REMINGTON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1795-1804 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : *adults *attention *autism *perception *perceptual capacity *sensory processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Perceptual capacity refers to the amount of information that we can pay attention to at any one time. Research has shown that autistic people have a higher perceptual capacity, which means they can take in more information than non-autistic people can. This can be useful in certain situations, for instance, hearing approaching cars or noticing small details. However, in other situations, a higher perceptual capacity may result in more distraction. This study looked at whether having this increased perceptual capacity is linked to being very sensitive to sensory information (lights, sounds, touch, taste and smell) - something that many autistic people experience on a daily basis. Being very sensitive to these things can make it hard to interact with the world around us, so it is important to know more about what causes the sensitivity. To explore this, 38 autistic and 66 non-autistic adults completed a computer task that measured perceptual capacity and filled in a questionnaire about how sensitive they were to sensory information. We found that perceptual capacity was related to sensory symptoms for both autistic and non-autistic participants; people who had a larger perceptual capacity showed more sensitivity, while people who had a lower perceptual capacity showed reduced sensory sensitivity. This information can hopefully be used to improve the way in which we can support people who experience unpleasant sensory sensitivity. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320922640 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=431
in Autism > 24-7 (October 2020) . - p.1795-1804[article] Making sense of the perceptual capacities in autistic and non-autistic adults [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jana BRINKERT, Auteur ; Anna REMINGTON, Auteur . - p.1795-1804.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism > 24-7 (October 2020) . - p.1795-1804
Mots-clés : *adults *attention *autism *perception *perceptual capacity *sensory processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Perceptual capacity refers to the amount of information that we can pay attention to at any one time. Research has shown that autistic people have a higher perceptual capacity, which means they can take in more information than non-autistic people can. This can be useful in certain situations, for instance, hearing approaching cars or noticing small details. However, in other situations, a higher perceptual capacity may result in more distraction. This study looked at whether having this increased perceptual capacity is linked to being very sensitive to sensory information (lights, sounds, touch, taste and smell) - something that many autistic people experience on a daily basis. Being very sensitive to these things can make it hard to interact with the world around us, so it is important to know more about what causes the sensitivity. To explore this, 38 autistic and 66 non-autistic adults completed a computer task that measured perceptual capacity and filled in a questionnaire about how sensitive they were to sensory information. We found that perceptual capacity was related to sensory symptoms for both autistic and non-autistic participants; people who had a larger perceptual capacity showed more sensitivity, while people who had a lower perceptual capacity showed reduced sensory sensitivity. This information can hopefully be used to improve the way in which we can support people who experience unpleasant sensory sensitivity. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320922640 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=431 Work, living, and the pursuit of happiness: Vocational and psychosocial outcomes for young adults with autism / Catherine LORD in Autism, 24-7 (October 2020)
[article]
Titre : Work, living, and the pursuit of happiness: Vocational and psychosocial outcomes for young adults with autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Catherine LORD, Auteur ; James B. MCCAULEY, Auteur ; Lauren A. PEPA, Auteur ; Marisela HUERTA, Auteur ; Andrew PICKLES, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1691-1703 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : *adaptive behavior *adults *autism spectrum disorders *diagnosis *vocational/labor force participation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : It is important to better understand how adults with autism are functioning in adulthood. Studies that have tracked individuals across the lifespan can help identify developmental factors influence differences in adult outcomes. The present study examines the independence, well-being, and functioning of 123 adults that have been closely followed since early childhood. Autism diagnosis and cognitive assessments were given frequently throughout childhood and during adulthood. We examined differences between adults who had received an autism diagnosis at some point with higher cognitive abilities (Ever ASD-High IQ) and lower cognitive abilities (Ever ASD-Low IQ), as well as adults who never received a diagnosis of autism in the course of the study (Never ASD). We found that autistic features specifically related to adaptive skills and friendships, and verbal intelligence related to work outcomes. In many ways, the Never ASD group had similar outcomes compared to the ASD groups. However, adults with ASD tended to have lower well-being and fewer positive emotions. Families played a major role in supporting adults with and without ASD at all intellectual levels. The findings suggest that realistic ways of increasing independence need to be developed by working with adults and their families, while acknowledging the contribution of individual differences in mental health, intelligence and autism symptoms across neurodevelopmental disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320919246 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=431
in Autism > 24-7 (October 2020) . - p.1691-1703[article] Work, living, and the pursuit of happiness: Vocational and psychosocial outcomes for young adults with autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Catherine LORD, Auteur ; James B. MCCAULEY, Auteur ; Lauren A. PEPA, Auteur ; Marisela HUERTA, Auteur ; Andrew PICKLES, Auteur . - p.1691-1703.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism > 24-7 (October 2020) . - p.1691-1703
Mots-clés : *adaptive behavior *adults *autism spectrum disorders *diagnosis *vocational/labor force participation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : It is important to better understand how adults with autism are functioning in adulthood. Studies that have tracked individuals across the lifespan can help identify developmental factors influence differences in adult outcomes. The present study examines the independence, well-being, and functioning of 123 adults that have been closely followed since early childhood. Autism diagnosis and cognitive assessments were given frequently throughout childhood and during adulthood. We examined differences between adults who had received an autism diagnosis at some point with higher cognitive abilities (Ever ASD-High IQ) and lower cognitive abilities (Ever ASD-Low IQ), as well as adults who never received a diagnosis of autism in the course of the study (Never ASD). We found that autistic features specifically related to adaptive skills and friendships, and verbal intelligence related to work outcomes. In many ways, the Never ASD group had similar outcomes compared to the ASD groups. However, adults with ASD tended to have lower well-being and fewer positive emotions. Families played a major role in supporting adults with and without ASD at all intellectual levels. The findings suggest that realistic ways of increasing independence need to be developed by working with adults and their families, while acknowledging the contribution of individual differences in mental health, intelligence and autism symptoms across neurodevelopmental disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320919246 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=431 Autistic peer-to-peer information transfer is highly effective / Catherine J. CROMPTON in Autism, 24-7 (October 2020)
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