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Understanding Oneself to Understand Others: The Role of Alexithymia and Anxiety in the Relationships Between Autistic Trait Dimensions and Empathy / Jack D. BRETT in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 52-5 (May 2022)
[article]
Titre : Understanding Oneself to Understand Others: The Role of Alexithymia and Anxiety in the Relationships Between Autistic Trait Dimensions and Empathy Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jack D. BRETT, Auteur ; Murray T. MAYBERY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1971-1983 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Affective Symptoms/psychology Anxiety Autism Spectrum Disorder Autistic Disorder/psychology Emotions Empathy Humans Alexithymia Autism Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : People on the autism spectrum may have difficulty inferring others' emotions (cognitive empathy), but may share another's emotions (affective empathy) and exhibit heightened personal distress. The present study examined independent autistic trait dimensions (social difficulties and restricted/repetitive behaviours) and the roles alexithymia and trait anxiety have in explaining this profile of empathy. Results from the general population (n=301) revealed that pronounced social difficulties and not restricted/repetitive behaviours related to reduced cognitive and affective empathy, and heightened personal distress. However, both dimensions, through alexithymia and anxiety, indirectly influenced empathy. Surprisingly, while the dimensions indirectly improved affective empathy, pronounced social difficulties directly reduced affective empathy. This study motivates a nuanced model of empathy by including autistic trait dimensions, anxiety, and alexithymia. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-05086-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=476
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 52-5 (May 2022) . - p.1971-1983[article] Understanding Oneself to Understand Others: The Role of Alexithymia and Anxiety in the Relationships Between Autistic Trait Dimensions and Empathy [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jack D. BRETT, Auteur ; Murray T. MAYBERY, Auteur . - p.1971-1983.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 52-5 (May 2022) . - p.1971-1983
Mots-clés : Affective Symptoms/psychology Anxiety Autism Spectrum Disorder Autistic Disorder/psychology Emotions Empathy Humans Alexithymia Autism Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : People on the autism spectrum may have difficulty inferring others' emotions (cognitive empathy), but may share another's emotions (affective empathy) and exhibit heightened personal distress. The present study examined independent autistic trait dimensions (social difficulties and restricted/repetitive behaviours) and the roles alexithymia and trait anxiety have in explaining this profile of empathy. Results from the general population (n=301) revealed that pronounced social difficulties and not restricted/repetitive behaviours related to reduced cognitive and affective empathy, and heightened personal distress. However, both dimensions, through alexithymia and anxiety, indirectly influenced empathy. Surprisingly, while the dimensions indirectly improved affective empathy, pronounced social difficulties directly reduced affective empathy. This study motivates a nuanced model of empathy by including autistic trait dimensions, anxiety, and alexithymia. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-05086-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=476 Autistic Traits Mediate Reductions in Social Attention in Adults with Anorexia Nervosa / J. KERR-GAFFNEY in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 51-6 (June 2021)
[article]
Titre : Autistic Traits Mediate Reductions in Social Attention in Adults with Anorexia Nervosa Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : J. KERR-GAFFNEY, Auteur ; L. MASON, Auteur ; E. JONES, Auteur ; H. HAYWARD, Auteur ; A. HARRISON, Auteur ; D. MURPHY, Auteur ; K. TCHANTURIA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2077-2090 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult Affective Symptoms/psychology Anorexia Nervosa/psychology Anxiety/psychology Attention Autistic Disorder/psychology Depression/psychology Emotions Eye Movements Facial Recognition Female Humans Male Self Report Time Factors Young Adult Anorexia nervosa Autism spectrum disorder Comorbidity Eye-tracking Social attention Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Anorexia nervosa (AN) is associated with difficulties in social and emotional functioning. A significant proportion of individuals with AN show autistic traits, which may influence social attention. This study examined attention to faces and facial features in AN, recovered AN (REC), and healthy controls, as well as relationships with comorbid psychopathology. One hundred and forty-eight participants' eye movements were tracked while watching a naturalistic social scene. Anxiety, depression, alexithymia, and autistic traits were assessed via self-report questionnaires. Participants with AN spent significantly less time looking at faces compared to REC and controls; patterns of attention to individual facial features did not differ across groups. Autistic traits mediated the relationship between group and time spent looking at faces. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04686-y Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=452
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 51-6 (June 2021) . - p.2077-2090[article] Autistic Traits Mediate Reductions in Social Attention in Adults with Anorexia Nervosa [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / J. KERR-GAFFNEY, Auteur ; L. MASON, Auteur ; E. JONES, Auteur ; H. HAYWARD, Auteur ; A. HARRISON, Auteur ; D. MURPHY, Auteur ; K. TCHANTURIA, Auteur . - p.2077-2090.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 51-6 (June 2021) . - p.2077-2090
Mots-clés : Adult Affective Symptoms/psychology Anorexia Nervosa/psychology Anxiety/psychology Attention Autistic Disorder/psychology Depression/psychology Emotions Eye Movements Facial Recognition Female Humans Male Self Report Time Factors Young Adult Anorexia nervosa Autism spectrum disorder Comorbidity Eye-tracking Social attention Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Anorexia nervosa (AN) is associated with difficulties in social and emotional functioning. A significant proportion of individuals with AN show autistic traits, which may influence social attention. This study examined attention to faces and facial features in AN, recovered AN (REC), and healthy controls, as well as relationships with comorbid psychopathology. One hundred and forty-eight participants' eye movements were tracked while watching a naturalistic social scene. Anxiety, depression, alexithymia, and autistic traits were assessed via self-report questionnaires. Participants with AN spent significantly less time looking at faces compared to REC and controls; patterns of attention to individual facial features did not differ across groups. Autistic traits mediated the relationship between group and time spent looking at faces. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04686-y Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=452 Differences Between Autistic and Non-Autistic Adults in the Recognition of Anger from Facial Motion Remain after Controlling for Alexithymia / Connor T. KEATING in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 52-4 (April 2022)
[article]
Titre : Differences Between Autistic and Non-Autistic Adults in the Recognition of Anger from Facial Motion Remain after Controlling for Alexithymia Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Connor T. KEATING, Auteur ; Dagmar S. FRASER, Auteur ; Sophie SOWDEN, Auteur ; Jennifer L. COOK, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1855-1871 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult Affective Symptoms/psychology Anger Autism Spectrum Disorder Autistic Disorder/psychology Emotions Facial Expression Facial Recognition Humans Alexithymia Emotion recognition Movement kinematics Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : To date, studies have not established whether autistic and non-autistic individuals differ in emotion recognition from facial motion cues when matched in terms of alexithymia. Here, autistic and non-autistic adults (N=60) matched on age, gender, non-verbal reasoning ability and alexithymia, completed an emotion recognition task, which employed dynamic point light displays of emotional facial expressions manipulated in terms of speed and spatial exaggeration. Autistic participants exhibited significantly lower accuracy for angry, but not happy or sad, facial motion with unmanipulated speed and spatial exaggeration. Autistic, and not alexithymic, traits were predictive of accuracy for angry facial motion with unmanipulated speed and spatial exaggeration. Alexithymic traits, in contrast, were predictive of the magnitude of both correct and incorrect emotion ratings. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-05083-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=476
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 52-4 (April 2022) . - p.1855-1871[article] Differences Between Autistic and Non-Autistic Adults in the Recognition of Anger from Facial Motion Remain after Controlling for Alexithymia [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Connor T. KEATING, Auteur ; Dagmar S. FRASER, Auteur ; Sophie SOWDEN, Auteur ; Jennifer L. COOK, Auteur . - p.1855-1871.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 52-4 (April 2022) . - p.1855-1871
Mots-clés : Adult Affective Symptoms/psychology Anger Autism Spectrum Disorder Autistic Disorder/psychology Emotions Facial Expression Facial Recognition Humans Alexithymia Emotion recognition Movement kinematics Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : To date, studies have not established whether autistic and non-autistic individuals differ in emotion recognition from facial motion cues when matched in terms of alexithymia. Here, autistic and non-autistic adults (N=60) matched on age, gender, non-verbal reasoning ability and alexithymia, completed an emotion recognition task, which employed dynamic point light displays of emotional facial expressions manipulated in terms of speed and spatial exaggeration. Autistic participants exhibited significantly lower accuracy for angry, but not happy or sad, facial motion with unmanipulated speed and spatial exaggeration. Autistic, and not alexithymic, traits were predictive of accuracy for angry facial motion with unmanipulated speed and spatial exaggeration. Alexithymic traits, in contrast, were predictive of the magnitude of both correct and incorrect emotion ratings. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-05083-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=476 Objective and Subjective Measurement of Alexithymia in Adults with Autism / C. RYAN in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 51-6 (June 2021)
[article]
Titre : Objective and Subjective Measurement of Alexithymia in Adults with Autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : C. RYAN, Auteur ; S. COGAN, Auteur ; A. PHILLIPS, Auteur ; L. O'CONNOR, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2019-2028 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult Affective Symptoms/psychology Autism Spectrum Disorder/psychology Autistic Disorder Child Emotions/physiology Humans Male Psychometrics/methods Self Report Young Adult Alexithymia Autism spectrum disorder Objective Observer-rated Self-report Subjective Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : High rates of alexithymia, a condition characterised by difficulties identifying and describing emotions, are frequently reported in both children and adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, the dilemma of measuring alexithymia via self-report has rarely been addressed. In this study, we compared objective and subjective measures of alexithymia in adults with ASD and typically developing adults. We found significantly higher levels of alexithymia in the ASD sample as measured by both self-report on the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) and by the observer rated Alexithymia Provoked Response Scale (APRQ). However, the two measures did not correlate with each other. We explore the different facets of the alexithymia construct that these two measures may be distinguishing. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04665-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=452
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 51-6 (June 2021) . - p.2019-2028[article] Objective and Subjective Measurement of Alexithymia in Adults with Autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / C. RYAN, Auteur ; S. COGAN, Auteur ; A. PHILLIPS, Auteur ; L. O'CONNOR, Auteur . - p.2019-2028.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 51-6 (June 2021) . - p.2019-2028
Mots-clés : Adult Affective Symptoms/psychology Autism Spectrum Disorder/psychology Autistic Disorder Child Emotions/physiology Humans Male Psychometrics/methods Self Report Young Adult Alexithymia Autism spectrum disorder Objective Observer-rated Self-report Subjective Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : High rates of alexithymia, a condition characterised by difficulties identifying and describing emotions, are frequently reported in both children and adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, the dilemma of measuring alexithymia via self-report has rarely been addressed. In this study, we compared objective and subjective measures of alexithymia in adults with ASD and typically developing adults. We found significantly higher levels of alexithymia in the ASD sample as measured by both self-report on the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) and by the observer rated Alexithymia Provoked Response Scale (APRQ). However, the two measures did not correlate with each other. We explore the different facets of the alexithymia construct that these two measures may be distinguishing. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04665-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=452