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Age of onset and the subclassification of conduct/dissocial disorder / Judy SILBERG in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 56-7 (July 2015)
[article]
Titre : Age of onset and the subclassification of conduct/dissocial disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Judy SILBERG, Auteur ; Ashlee A. MOORE, Auteur ; Michael RUTTER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.826-833 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Age of onset conduct disorder persistence into adult life Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Conduct Disorder (CD) is a markedly heterogeneous psychiatric condition. Moffitt (1993) proposed that subclassification of CD should be according to age of onset. Our goals were to compare childhood-onset and adolescent-onset CD in terms of differences in phenotypic risk factors, genetic analyses, and factors associated with the persistence of antisocial behavior into young adulthood. Methods The data are from the Virginia Twin Study of Adolescent Behavioral Development (VTSABD) and Young Adult Follow-Up (YAFU). Childhood-onset CD was defined as CD beginning at or before age 11. Adolescent-onset CD was defined as having CD onset between ages 14 and 17. These subgroups were compared on ADHD, young adult antisocial behavior (ASB), family dysfunction, and parental depression. Genetic analyses compare childhood-onset and adolescent-onset CD, as well as their cooccurrence with ADHD and ASB. Finally, predictors of persistence were examined. Results Childhood-onset CD was significantly associated with ADHD, ASB, family dysfunction, and parental depression. Adolescent-onset CD was marginally associated with parental depression (p = .05) but not with any of the other risk factors. Univariate genetic models showed that both childhood-onset and adolescent-onset CD involve a large genetic liability accounting for 62% and 65% of the variance, respectively. A common genetic factor (as well as an ADHD-specific factor) accounted for the cooccurrence of childhood-onset CD and ADHD. The cooccurrence of childhood-onset CD and ASB are reflected by a common genetic factor with genetic specific effects on ASB. There was no etiological link between adolescent-onset CD and either ADHD or ASB. Both ADHD and family dysfunction were significantly associated with the persistence of antisocial behavior into young adulthood. Conclusions Phenotypic findings differentiated between childhood-onset and adolescent-onset CD. ADHD and family dysfunction predicted persistence of antisocial behavior into young adulthood. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12353 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-7 (July 2015) . - p.826-833[article] Age of onset and the subclassification of conduct/dissocial disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Judy SILBERG, Auteur ; Ashlee A. MOORE, Auteur ; Michael RUTTER, Auteur . - p.826-833.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-7 (July 2015) . - p.826-833
Mots-clés : Age of onset conduct disorder persistence into adult life Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Conduct Disorder (CD) is a markedly heterogeneous psychiatric condition. Moffitt (1993) proposed that subclassification of CD should be according to age of onset. Our goals were to compare childhood-onset and adolescent-onset CD in terms of differences in phenotypic risk factors, genetic analyses, and factors associated with the persistence of antisocial behavior into young adulthood. Methods The data are from the Virginia Twin Study of Adolescent Behavioral Development (VTSABD) and Young Adult Follow-Up (YAFU). Childhood-onset CD was defined as CD beginning at or before age 11. Adolescent-onset CD was defined as having CD onset between ages 14 and 17. These subgroups were compared on ADHD, young adult antisocial behavior (ASB), family dysfunction, and parental depression. Genetic analyses compare childhood-onset and adolescent-onset CD, as well as their cooccurrence with ADHD and ASB. Finally, predictors of persistence were examined. Results Childhood-onset CD was significantly associated with ADHD, ASB, family dysfunction, and parental depression. Adolescent-onset CD was marginally associated with parental depression (p = .05) but not with any of the other risk factors. Univariate genetic models showed that both childhood-onset and adolescent-onset CD involve a large genetic liability accounting for 62% and 65% of the variance, respectively. A common genetic factor (as well as an ADHD-specific factor) accounted for the cooccurrence of childhood-onset CD and ADHD. The cooccurrence of childhood-onset CD and ASB are reflected by a common genetic factor with genetic specific effects on ASB. There was no etiological link between adolescent-onset CD and either ADHD or ASB. Both ADHD and family dysfunction were significantly associated with the persistence of antisocial behavior into young adulthood. Conclusions Phenotypic findings differentiated between childhood-onset and adolescent-onset CD. ADHD and family dysfunction predicted persistence of antisocial behavior into young adulthood. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12353 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260 Investigating the childhood symptom profile of community-based individuals diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder as adults / M. J. TAYLOR in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 60-3 (March 2019)
[article]
Titre : Investigating the childhood symptom profile of community-based individuals diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder as adults Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : M. J. TAYLOR, Auteur ; H. LARSSON, Auteur ; C. GILLBERG, Auteur ; P. LICHTENSTEIN, Auteur ; S. LUNDSTRÖM, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.259-266 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder adulthood age of onset twin study Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is currently defined as a disorder with onset during childhood. Although ADHD occurs in adults as well as children, recent debate has focused on whether adult ADHD represents a continuation of a child-onset disorder or if ADHD may, in at least some cases, have an adult onset. We therefore aimed to test the hypothesis of adult-onset ADHD using a sample born relatively recently (1992-1999) in order to minimize confounding by secular changes in diagnostic practices. METHODS: We identified 74 individuals with a community diagnosis of ADHD first assigned during adulthood. We also identified individuals with childhood (N = 194) and adolescent (N = 394) community diagnoses of ADHD. These groups were compared with a comparison group (N = 14,474) on their childhood ADHD and neuropsychiatric symptoms, and rate of other psychiatric diagnoses during childhood. RESULTS: Having an adulthood community diagnosis of ADHD was associated with a mean increase in childhood ADHD symptoms of approximately three times that of the comparison group. Individuals with an adult community diagnosis of ADHD also displayed more autistic traits, motor problems, learning difficulties, tics, and oppositional behavior. Forty two percent of these individuals, compared with 1% of comparison cases, had a psychiatric diagnosis other than ADHD as children. In post-hoc analyses of 21 ADHD cases showing few or no ADHD symptoms in childhood, we were unable to detect any other childhood symptomatology in only nine cases, of whom six were female. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that alternative explanations for data that appear to show adult onset ADHD, such as sex biases in diagnostic practices, need rigorous testing before adult onset ADHD can be accepted as a valid clinical construct. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12988 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=385
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 60-3 (March 2019) . - p.259-266[article] Investigating the childhood symptom profile of community-based individuals diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder as adults [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / M. J. TAYLOR, Auteur ; H. LARSSON, Auteur ; C. GILLBERG, Auteur ; P. LICHTENSTEIN, Auteur ; S. LUNDSTRÖM, Auteur . - p.259-266.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 60-3 (March 2019) . - p.259-266
Mots-clés : Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder adulthood age of onset twin study Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is currently defined as a disorder with onset during childhood. Although ADHD occurs in adults as well as children, recent debate has focused on whether adult ADHD represents a continuation of a child-onset disorder or if ADHD may, in at least some cases, have an adult onset. We therefore aimed to test the hypothesis of adult-onset ADHD using a sample born relatively recently (1992-1999) in order to minimize confounding by secular changes in diagnostic practices. METHODS: We identified 74 individuals with a community diagnosis of ADHD first assigned during adulthood. We also identified individuals with childhood (N = 194) and adolescent (N = 394) community diagnoses of ADHD. These groups were compared with a comparison group (N = 14,474) on their childhood ADHD and neuropsychiatric symptoms, and rate of other psychiatric diagnoses during childhood. RESULTS: Having an adulthood community diagnosis of ADHD was associated with a mean increase in childhood ADHD symptoms of approximately three times that of the comparison group. Individuals with an adult community diagnosis of ADHD also displayed more autistic traits, motor problems, learning difficulties, tics, and oppositional behavior. Forty two percent of these individuals, compared with 1% of comparison cases, had a psychiatric diagnosis other than ADHD as children. In post-hoc analyses of 21 ADHD cases showing few or no ADHD symptoms in childhood, we were unable to detect any other childhood symptomatology in only nine cases, of whom six were female. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that alternative explanations for data that appear to show adult onset ADHD, such as sex biases in diagnostic practices, need rigorous testing before adult onset ADHD can be accepted as a valid clinical construct. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12988 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=385 Parent-reported and clinician-observed autism spectrum disorder (ASD) symptoms in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): implications for practice under DSM-5 / R. GRZADZINSKI in Molecular Autism, 7 (2016)
[article]
Titre : Parent-reported and clinician-observed autism spectrum disorder (ASD) symptoms in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): implications for practice under DSM-5 Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : R. GRZADZINSKI, Auteur ; C. DICK, Auteur ; C. LORD, Auteur ; Somer L. BISHOP, Auteur Article en page(s) : 7p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent Age of Onset Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/diagnosis Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis Child Child, Preschool Diagnosis, Differential Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Facial Expression Female Fixation, Ocular Humans Interview, Psychological Male Observer Variation Parents/psychology Psychiatry Psychological Tests Psychology Severity of Illness Index Social Behavior Symptom Assessment Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Autism Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R) Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often present with social difficulties, though the extent to which these clearly overlap with symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is not well understood. METHODS: We explored parent-reported and directly-observed ASD symptoms on the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R) and the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) in children referred to ASD-specialty clinics who received diagnoses of either ADHD (n = 48) or ASD (n = 164). RESULTS: Of the ADHD sample, 21 % met ASD cut-offs on the ADOS and 30 % met ASD cut-offs on all domains of the ADI-R. Four social communication ADOS items (Quality of Social Overtures, Unusual Eye Contact, Facial Expressions Directed to Examiner, and Amount of Reciprocal Social Communication) adequately differentiated the groups while none of the items on the ADI-R met the criteria for adequate discrimination. CONCLUSIONS: Results of this work highlight the challenges that clinicians and researchers face when distinguishing ASD from other disorders in verbally fluent, school-age children. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-016-0072-1 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=328
in Molecular Autism > 7 (2016) . - 7p.[article] Parent-reported and clinician-observed autism spectrum disorder (ASD) symptoms in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): implications for practice under DSM-5 [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / R. GRZADZINSKI, Auteur ; C. DICK, Auteur ; C. LORD, Auteur ; Somer L. BISHOP, Auteur . - 7p.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Molecular Autism > 7 (2016) . - 7p.
Mots-clés : Adolescent Age of Onset Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/diagnosis Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis Child Child, Preschool Diagnosis, Differential Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Facial Expression Female Fixation, Ocular Humans Interview, Psychological Male Observer Variation Parents/psychology Psychiatry Psychological Tests Psychology Severity of Illness Index Social Behavior Symptom Assessment Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Autism Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R) Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often present with social difficulties, though the extent to which these clearly overlap with symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is not well understood. METHODS: We explored parent-reported and directly-observed ASD symptoms on the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R) and the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) in children referred to ASD-specialty clinics who received diagnoses of either ADHD (n = 48) or ASD (n = 164). RESULTS: Of the ADHD sample, 21 % met ASD cut-offs on the ADOS and 30 % met ASD cut-offs on all domains of the ADI-R. Four social communication ADOS items (Quality of Social Overtures, Unusual Eye Contact, Facial Expressions Directed to Examiner, and Amount of Reciprocal Social Communication) adequately differentiated the groups while none of the items on the ADI-R met the criteria for adequate discrimination. CONCLUSIONS: Results of this work highlight the challenges that clinicians and researchers face when distinguishing ASD from other disorders in verbally fluent, school-age children. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-016-0072-1 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=328