3 recherche sur le mot-clé 'Autism in adulthood'

The impact of video-based intervention for improving attitudes towards autism in Chinese higher education: A pre-post study / Yinghui XIA in Research in Autism, 130 (February 2026)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism > 130 (February 2026) . - p.202776 Titre : The impact of video-based intervention for improving attitudes towards autism in Chinese higher education: A pre-post study Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Yinghui XIA, Auteur ; Jonathan VINCENT, Auteur ; Mengzhen ZHAO, Auteur ; Peng WANG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.202776 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism in adulthood  Higher education  Neurodiversity  Attitude change  Video-based intervention  Machine Learning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study assessed whether a brief video-based intervention could improve attitudes toward autism among Chinese university students and staff. A total of 1158 participants—including undergraduates, graduate students, and staff—completed the 17-item Autism and Neurodiversity Attitudes Scale (ANAS) before and after watching a 6-minute autism-awareness video. Paired-sample t-tests assessed pre-post differences. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) examined whether the intervention altered the underlying attitudinal structure. To predict individual responsiveness, four machine learning models were trained using pre-intervention responses and demographics; TabPFN achieved the highest accuracy (73.4 %). The study revealed significant positive changes in attitudes towards autism following the educational video intervention (t = -13.30, p < 0.001, Cohen's d = 0.39). We identified three stable dimensions of autism perception: support for normalization, acceptance as natural variation, and empathy. SHapley Additive exPlanations analysis identified that pre-intervention responses to deficit-based items and pity-based attitudes are the strongest predictors of attitudinal change, while demographic variables had negligible influence. Higher baseline endorsement of normalization and pathologizing attitudes were associated with reduced responsiveness to the intervention, highlighting the role of entrenched beliefs in moderating intervention effectiveness. While a brief video intervention can enhance attitudes toward autism, its ability to transform deep-seated beliefs remains limited. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reia.2025.202776 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=579 [article] The impact of video-based intervention for improving attitudes towards autism in Chinese higher education: A pre-post study [texte imprimé] / Yinghui XIA, Auteur ; Jonathan VINCENT, Auteur ; Mengzhen ZHAO, Auteur ; Peng WANG, Auteur . - p.202776. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism > 130 (February 2026) . - p.202776 Mots-clés : Autism in adulthood  Higher education  Neurodiversity  Attitude change  Video-based intervention  Machine Learning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study assessed whether a brief video-based intervention could improve attitudes toward autism among Chinese university students and staff. A total of 1158 participants—including undergraduates, graduate students, and staff—completed the 17-item Autism and Neurodiversity Attitudes Scale (ANAS) before and after watching a 6-minute autism-awareness video. Paired-sample t-tests assessed pre-post differences. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) examined whether the intervention altered the underlying attitudinal structure. To predict individual responsiveness, four machine learning models were trained using pre-intervention responses and demographics; TabPFN achieved the highest accuracy (73.4 %). The study revealed significant positive changes in attitudes towards autism following the educational video intervention (t = -13.30, p < 0.001, Cohen's d = 0.39). We identified three stable dimensions of autism perception: support for normalization, acceptance as natural variation, and empathy. SHapley Additive exPlanations analysis identified that pre-intervention responses to deficit-based items and pity-based attitudes are the strongest predictors of attitudinal change, while demographic variables had negligible influence. Higher baseline endorsement of normalization and pathologizing attitudes were associated with reduced responsiveness to the intervention, highlighting the role of entrenched beliefs in moderating intervention effectiveness. While a brief video intervention can enhance attitudes toward autism, its ability to transform deep-seated beliefs remains limited. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reia.2025.202776 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=579

Autism through midlife: trajectories of symptoms, behavioral functioning, and health / Jinkuk HONG in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 15 (2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 15 (2023) Titre : Autism through midlife: trajectories of symptoms, behavioral functioning, and health Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jinkuk HONG, Auteur ; Leann Smith DAWALT, Auteur ; Julie Lounds TAYLOR, Auteur ; Aasma HAIDER, Auteur ; Marsha MAILICK, Auteur Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult  Adolescent  Humans  Autistic Disorder/complications  Activities of Daily Living  Aging  Cognition  Behavioral Symptoms  Accelerated longitudinal design  Autism in adulthood  Developmental trajectories  Functioning  Health  Midlife and aging  Symptoms Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: This study describes change in autism symptoms, behavioral functioning, and health measured prospectively over 22 years. Most studies tracking developmental trajectories have focused on autism during childhood, although adulthood is the longest stage of the life course. A robust understanding of how autistic people change through midlife and into older age has yet to be obtained. METHODS: Using an accelerated longitudinal design with 9 waves of data, developmental trajectories were estimated from adolescence through midlife and into early old age in a community-based cohort (n = 406). The overall aim was to determine whether there were age-related increases or decreases, whether the change was linear or curvilinear, and whether these trajectories differed between those who have ID and those who have average or above-average intellectual functioning. Subsequently, the slopes of the trajectories were evaluated to determine if they differed depending on age when the study began, with the goal of identifying possible cohort effects. RESULTS: There were significant trajectories of age-related change for all but one of the measures, although different measures manifested different patterns. Most autism symptoms improved through adulthood, while health worsened. An inverted U-shaped curve best described change for repetitive behavior symptoms, activities of daily living, maladaptive behaviors, and social interaction. For these measures, improved functioning was evident from adolescence until midlife. Then change leveled off, with worsening functioning from later midlife into early older age. Additionally, differences between autistic individuals with and without ID were evident. Although those who have ID had poorer levels of functioning, there were some indications that those without ID had accelerating challenges in their aging years that were not evident in those with ID - increases in medications for physical health problems and worsening repetitive behaviors. CONCLUSIONS: Meeting the needs of the increasingly large population of autistic adults in midlife and old age requires a nuanced understanding of life course trajectories across the long stretch of adulthood and across multiple domains. Given the heterogeneity of autism, it will be important not to generalize across sub-groups, for example those who are minimally verbal and those who have above-average intellectual functioning. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-023-09505-w Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=575 [article] Autism through midlife: trajectories of symptoms, behavioral functioning, and health [texte imprimé] / Jinkuk HONG, Auteur ; Leann Smith DAWALT, Auteur ; Julie Lounds TAYLOR, Auteur ; Aasma HAIDER, Auteur ; Marsha MAILICK, Auteur. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 15 (2023) Mots-clés : Adult  Adolescent  Humans  Autistic Disorder/complications  Activities of Daily Living  Aging  Cognition  Behavioral Symptoms  Accelerated longitudinal design  Autism in adulthood  Developmental trajectories  Functioning  Health  Midlife and aging  Symptoms Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: This study describes change in autism symptoms, behavioral functioning, and health measured prospectively over 22 years. Most studies tracking developmental trajectories have focused on autism during childhood, although adulthood is the longest stage of the life course. A robust understanding of how autistic people change through midlife and into older age has yet to be obtained. METHODS: Using an accelerated longitudinal design with 9 waves of data, developmental trajectories were estimated from adolescence through midlife and into early old age in a community-based cohort (n = 406). The overall aim was to determine whether there were age-related increases or decreases, whether the change was linear or curvilinear, and whether these trajectories differed between those who have ID and those who have average or above-average intellectual functioning. Subsequently, the slopes of the trajectories were evaluated to determine if they differed depending on age when the study began, with the goal of identifying possible cohort effects. RESULTS: There were significant trajectories of age-related change for all but one of the measures, although different measures manifested different patterns. Most autism symptoms improved through adulthood, while health worsened. An inverted U-shaped curve best described change for repetitive behavior symptoms, activities of daily living, maladaptive behaviors, and social interaction. For these measures, improved functioning was evident from adolescence until midlife. Then change leveled off, with worsening functioning from later midlife into early older age. Additionally, differences between autistic individuals with and without ID were evident. Although those who have ID had poorer levels of functioning, there were some indications that those without ID had accelerating challenges in their aging years that were not evident in those with ID - increases in medications for physical health problems and worsening repetitive behaviors. CONCLUSIONS: Meeting the needs of the increasingly large population of autistic adults in midlife and old age requires a nuanced understanding of life course trajectories across the long stretch of adulthood and across multiple domains. Given the heterogeneity of autism, it will be important not to generalize across sub-groups, for example those who are minimally verbal and those who have above-average intellectual functioning. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-023-09505-w Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=575

Investigating frank autism: clinician initial impressions and autism characteristics / Caroline LARSON ; Rebecca P. THOMAS ; Marianne L. BARTON ; Deborah A. FEIN ; Inge-Marie EIGSTI in Molecular Autism, 15 (2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 15 (2024) . - 48 Titre : Investigating frank autism: clinician initial impressions and autism characteristics Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Caroline LARSON, Auteur ; Rebecca P. THOMAS, Auteur ; Marianne L. BARTON, Auteur ; Deborah A. FEIN, Auteur ; Inge-Marie EIGSTI, Auteur Article en page(s) : 48 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Humans  Adolescent  Male  Female  Adult  Child  Young Adult  *Autistic Disorder/diagnosis/psychology  Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis  Autism diagnosis  Autism in adulthood  Five-minute impressions  Loss of autism diagnosis  Optimal outcomes  Prototypical autism  was approved by the University of Connecticut IRB. Consent for publication Not  applicable. Competing interests Dr. Fein and Dr. Barton are co-owners of M-CHAT  LLC, which licenses use of the M-CHAT-R in electronic products. The other authors  declare that they have no conflict of interest. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: "Frank autism," recognizable through the first minutes of an interaction, describes a behavioral presentation of a subset of autistic individuals that is closely tied to social communication challenges, and may be linked to so-called "prototypical autism." To date, there is no research on frank autism presentations of autistic adolescents and young adults, nor individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in childhood who do not meet diagnostic criteria during or after adolescence (loss of autism diagnosis, LAD). In addition, there are currently no data on the factors that drive frank autism impressions in these adolescent groups. METHODS: This study quantifies initial impressions of autistic characteristics in 24 autistic, 24 LAD and 26 neurotypical (NT) individuals ages 12 to 39 years. Graduate student and expert clinicians completed five-minute impressions, rated confidence in their own impressions, and scored the atypicality of behaviors associated with impressions; impressions were compared with current gold-standard diagnostic outcomes. RESULTS: Overall, clinicians' impressions within the first five minutes generally matched current gold-standard diagnostic status (clinical best estimate), were highly correlated with ADOS-2 CSS, and were driven primarily by prosodic and facial cues. However, this brief observation did not detect autism in all cases. While clinicians noted some subclinical atypicalities in the LAD group, impressions of the LAD and NT groups were similar. LIMITATIONS: The brief observations in this study were conducted during clinical research, including some semi-structured assessments. While results suggest overall concordance between initial impressions and diagnoses following more thorough evaluation, findings may not generalize to less structured, informal contexts. In addition, our sample was demographically homogeneous and comprised only speaking autistic participants. They were also unmatched for sex, with more females in the non-autistic group. Future studies should recruit samples that are diverse in demographic variables and ability level to replicate these findings and explore their implications. CONCLUSIONS: Results provide insights into the behavioral characteristics that contribute to the diagnosis of adolescents and young adults and may help inform diagnostic decision making in the wake of an increase in the demand for autism evaluations later than childhood. They also substantiate claims of an absence of apparent autistic characteristics in individuals who have lost the diagnosis. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-024-00627-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=555 [article] Investigating frank autism: clinician initial impressions and autism characteristics [texte imprimé] / Caroline LARSON, Auteur ; Rebecca P. THOMAS, Auteur ; Marianne L. BARTON, Auteur ; Deborah A. FEIN, Auteur ; Inge-Marie EIGSTI, Auteur . - 48. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 15 (2024) . - 48 Mots-clés : Humans  Adolescent  Male  Female  Adult  Child  Young Adult  *Autistic Disorder/diagnosis/psychology  Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis  Autism diagnosis  Autism in adulthood  Five-minute impressions  Loss of autism diagnosis  Optimal outcomes  Prototypical autism  was approved by the University of Connecticut IRB. Consent for publication Not  applicable. Competing interests Dr. Fein and Dr. Barton are co-owners of M-CHAT  LLC, which licenses use of the M-CHAT-R in electronic products. The other authors  declare that they have no conflict of interest. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: "Frank autism," recognizable through the first minutes of an interaction, describes a behavioral presentation of a subset of autistic individuals that is closely tied to social communication challenges, and may be linked to so-called "prototypical autism." To date, there is no research on frank autism presentations of autistic adolescents and young adults, nor individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in childhood who do not meet diagnostic criteria during or after adolescence (loss of autism diagnosis, LAD). In addition, there are currently no data on the factors that drive frank autism impressions in these adolescent groups. METHODS: This study quantifies initial impressions of autistic characteristics in 24 autistic, 24 LAD and 26 neurotypical (NT) individuals ages 12 to 39 years. Graduate student and expert clinicians completed five-minute impressions, rated confidence in their own impressions, and scored the atypicality of behaviors associated with impressions; impressions were compared with current gold-standard diagnostic outcomes. RESULTS: Overall, clinicians' impressions within the first five minutes generally matched current gold-standard diagnostic status (clinical best estimate), were highly correlated with ADOS-2 CSS, and were driven primarily by prosodic and facial cues. However, this brief observation did not detect autism in all cases. While clinicians noted some subclinical atypicalities in the LAD group, impressions of the LAD and NT groups were similar. LIMITATIONS: The brief observations in this study were conducted during clinical research, including some semi-structured assessments. While results suggest overall concordance between initial impressions and diagnoses following more thorough evaluation, findings may not generalize to less structured, informal contexts. In addition, our sample was demographically homogeneous and comprised only speaking autistic participants. They were also unmatched for sex, with more females in the non-autistic group. Future studies should recruit samples that are diverse in demographic variables and ability level to replicate these findings and explore their implications. CONCLUSIONS: Results provide insights into the behavioral characteristics that contribute to the diagnosis of adolescents and young adults and may help inform diagnostic decision making in the wake of an increase in the demand for autism evaluations later than childhood. They also substantiate claims of an absence of apparent autistic characteristics in individuals who have lost the diagnosis. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-024-00627-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=555