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"They Thought It Was an Obsession": Trajectories and Perspectives of Autistic Transgender and Gender-Diverse Adolescents / J. F. STRANG in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 48-12 (December 2018)
[article]
Titre : "They Thought It Was an Obsession": Trajectories and Perspectives of Autistic Transgender and Gender-Diverse Adolescents Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : J. F. STRANG, Auteur ; M. D. POWERS, Auteur ; M. KNAUSS, Auteur ; E. SIBARIUM, Auteur ; S. F. LEIBOWITZ, Auteur ; L. KENWORTHY, Auteur ; E. SADIKOVA, Auteur ; S. WYSS, Auteur ; L. WILLING, Auteur ; R. CAPLAN, Auteur ; N. PERVEZ, Auteur ; J. NOWAK, Auteur ; D. GOHARI, Auteur ; V. GOMEZ-LOBO, Auteur ; D. CALL, Auteur ; Laura G. ANTHONY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.4039-4055 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder Autistic Gender dysphoria Gender minority Gender nonbinary Gender-diverse Neurodiversity Transgender Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Despite research exploring autism in gender-diverse adolescents, no studies have elicited these individuals' perspectives. In-depth interviews with 22 well-characterized autistic gender-diverse adolescents revealed critical themes, including: recollections of pre-pubertal gender nonconformity; vivid experiences of gender dysphoria; a fear of social gender expression due to perceived animosity toward transgender people; and specific challenges that result from the interplay of gender diversity and neurodiversity. During the ~ 22 month study social gender affirmation increased in six participants and gender dysphoria attenuated in four participants. Given the ethical imperative to understand and prioritize the voiced perspectives and needs of autistic gender minority adolescents as well as the discovery of shared themes and experiences in this population, results should inform clinical research approaches and priorities. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3723-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=371
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 48-12 (December 2018) . - p.4039-4055[article] "They Thought It Was an Obsession": Trajectories and Perspectives of Autistic Transgender and Gender-Diverse Adolescents [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / J. F. STRANG, Auteur ; M. D. POWERS, Auteur ; M. KNAUSS, Auteur ; E. SIBARIUM, Auteur ; S. F. LEIBOWITZ, Auteur ; L. KENWORTHY, Auteur ; E. SADIKOVA, Auteur ; S. WYSS, Auteur ; L. WILLING, Auteur ; R. CAPLAN, Auteur ; N. PERVEZ, Auteur ; J. NOWAK, Auteur ; D. GOHARI, Auteur ; V. GOMEZ-LOBO, Auteur ; D. CALL, Auteur ; Laura G. ANTHONY, Auteur . - p.4039-4055.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 48-12 (December 2018) . - p.4039-4055
Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder Autistic Gender dysphoria Gender minority Gender nonbinary Gender-diverse Neurodiversity Transgender Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Despite research exploring autism in gender-diverse adolescents, no studies have elicited these individuals' perspectives. In-depth interviews with 22 well-characterized autistic gender-diverse adolescents revealed critical themes, including: recollections of pre-pubertal gender nonconformity; vivid experiences of gender dysphoria; a fear of social gender expression due to perceived animosity toward transgender people; and specific challenges that result from the interplay of gender diversity and neurodiversity. During the ~ 22 month study social gender affirmation increased in six participants and gender dysphoria attenuated in four participants. Given the ethical imperative to understand and prioritize the voiced perspectives and needs of autistic gender minority adolescents as well as the discovery of shared themes and experiences in this population, results should inform clinical research approaches and priorities. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3723-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=371 Autistic traits, systemising, empathising, and theory of mind in transgender and non-binary adults / Karson T. F. KUNG in Molecular Autism, 11 (2020)
[article]
Titre : Autistic traits, systemising, empathising, and theory of mind in transgender and non-binary adults Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Karson T. F. KUNG, Auteur Article en page(s) : 73 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Empathy Extreme male brain Gender minority Non-binary Systemising Theory of mind Transgender Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Prior research examining autistic traits in gender minority adults has reported mixed findings. Most prior studies did not include non-binary individuals. Little is known about the mechanisms shaping autistic traits in gender minority adults. This study examined autistic traits, as well as constructs related to the extreme male brain theory of autism and the mindblindness theory, in transgender and non-binary adults. METHODS: An online survey was conducted to assess autism-related traits in 323 gender minority adults, including 74 transgender men (individuals assigned female at birth and identify as a man), 95 transgender women (individuals assigned male at birth and identify as a woman), 104 non-binary AFAB (individuals assigned female at birth and identify as non-binary), and 50 non-binary AMAB (individuals assigned male at birth and identify as non-binary). Autistic traits, systemising, empathising, and Theory of Mind (ToM) were measured using the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ), the short forms of the Systemising Quotient (SQ-Short) and the Empathy Quotient (EQ-Short), the 10-item version of the Empathy Quotient (EQ-10) and the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (Eyes Test). Participants' scores on these measures were compared with previously published scores based on large-scale general population samples including thousands of participants. RESULTS: On average, compared with control females in the general population samples, both transgender men and non-binary AFAB scored significantly higher on the AQ and the SQ-Short but scored significantly lower on the EQ-Short, the EQ-10, and the Eyes Test. No clear or consistent group differences emerged when transgender women and non-binary AMAB were compared with control males. LIMITATIONS: The present study does not have a large sample of gender minority adults. It has been argued that the measures employed may not provide a precise assessment of the psychological constructs of interest. The present study has a "non-clinical" sample. However, not all gender minorities have access to or require clinical services, and so a "non-clinical" sample may be more representative of the gender minority community as a whole than samples recruited through clinics. CONCLUSIONS: The current findings suggest a "masculinised" autism-related profile and reduced ToM in transgender men and in non-binary AFAB. These findings might be interpreted to support the extreme male brain theory of autism and the mindblindness theory. Further research is needed to corroborate these findings. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-020-00378-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=433
in Molecular Autism > 11 (2020) . - 73 p.[article] Autistic traits, systemising, empathising, and theory of mind in transgender and non-binary adults [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Karson T. F. KUNG, Auteur . - 73 p.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Molecular Autism > 11 (2020) . - 73 p.
Mots-clés : Autism Empathy Extreme male brain Gender minority Non-binary Systemising Theory of mind Transgender Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Prior research examining autistic traits in gender minority adults has reported mixed findings. Most prior studies did not include non-binary individuals. Little is known about the mechanisms shaping autistic traits in gender minority adults. This study examined autistic traits, as well as constructs related to the extreme male brain theory of autism and the mindblindness theory, in transgender and non-binary adults. METHODS: An online survey was conducted to assess autism-related traits in 323 gender minority adults, including 74 transgender men (individuals assigned female at birth and identify as a man), 95 transgender women (individuals assigned male at birth and identify as a woman), 104 non-binary AFAB (individuals assigned female at birth and identify as non-binary), and 50 non-binary AMAB (individuals assigned male at birth and identify as non-binary). Autistic traits, systemising, empathising, and Theory of Mind (ToM) were measured using the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ), the short forms of the Systemising Quotient (SQ-Short) and the Empathy Quotient (EQ-Short), the 10-item version of the Empathy Quotient (EQ-10) and the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (Eyes Test). Participants' scores on these measures were compared with previously published scores based on large-scale general population samples including thousands of participants. RESULTS: On average, compared with control females in the general population samples, both transgender men and non-binary AFAB scored significantly higher on the AQ and the SQ-Short but scored significantly lower on the EQ-Short, the EQ-10, and the Eyes Test. No clear or consistent group differences emerged when transgender women and non-binary AMAB were compared with control males. LIMITATIONS: The present study does not have a large sample of gender minority adults. It has been argued that the measures employed may not provide a precise assessment of the psychological constructs of interest. The present study has a "non-clinical" sample. However, not all gender minorities have access to or require clinical services, and so a "non-clinical" sample may be more representative of the gender minority community as a whole than samples recruited through clinics. CONCLUSIONS: The current findings suggest a "masculinised" autism-related profile and reduced ToM in transgender men and in non-binary AFAB. These findings might be interpreted to support the extreme male brain theory of autism and the mindblindness theory. Further research is needed to corroborate these findings. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-020-00378-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=433