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Altered gaze following during live interaction in infants at risk for autism: an eye tracking study / E. THORUP in Molecular Autism, 7 (2016)
[article]
Titre : Altered gaze following during live interaction in infants at risk for autism: an eye tracking study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : E. THORUP, Auteur ; P. NYSTROM, Auteur ; G. GREDEBACK, Auteur ; Sven BÖLTE, Auteur ; T. FALCK-YTTER, Auteur Article en page(s) : 12p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention/physiology Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis/epidemiology/physiopathology Cues Early Diagnosis Eye Movements Family Health Female Fixation, Ocular/physiology Head Movements Humans Imitative Behavior/physiology Infant Male Pursuit, Smooth/physiology Risk Single-Blind Method Social Behavior Social Perception Autism Communication Early development Gaze following Joint attention Neurodevelopmental disorders Social cognition Younger siblings Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: The ability to follow gaze is an important prerequisite for joint attention, which is often compromised in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The direction of both the head and eyes provides cues to other people's attention direction, but previous studies have not separated these factors and their relation to ASD susceptibility. Development of gaze following typically occurs before ASD diagnosis is possible, and studies of high-risk populations are therefore important. METHODS: Eye tracking was used to assess gaze following during interaction in a group of 10-month-old infants at high familial risk for ASD (high-risk group) as well as a group of infants with no family history of ASD (low-risk group). The infants watched an experimenter gaze at objects in the periphery. Performance was compared across two conditions: one in which the experimenter moved both the eyes and head toward the objects (Eyes and Head condition) and one that involved movement of the eyes only (Eyes Only condition). RESULTS: A group by condition interaction effect was found. Specifically, whereas gaze following accuracy was comparable across the two conditions in the low-risk group, infants in the high-risk group were more likely to follow gaze in the Eyes and Head condition than in the Eyes Only condition. CONCLUSIONS: In an ecologically valid social situation, responses to basic non-verbal orienting cues were found to be altered in infants at risk for ASD. The results indicate that infants at risk for ASD may rely disproportionally on information from the head when following gaze and point to the importance of separating information from the eyes and the head when studying social perception in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-016-0069-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=329
in Molecular Autism > 7 (2016) . - 12p.[article] Altered gaze following during live interaction in infants at risk for autism: an eye tracking study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / E. THORUP, Auteur ; P. NYSTROM, Auteur ; G. GREDEBACK, Auteur ; Sven BÖLTE, Auteur ; T. FALCK-YTTER, Auteur . - 12p.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Molecular Autism > 7 (2016) . - 12p.
Mots-clés : Attention/physiology Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis/epidemiology/physiopathology Cues Early Diagnosis Eye Movements Family Health Female Fixation, Ocular/physiology Head Movements Humans Imitative Behavior/physiology Infant Male Pursuit, Smooth/physiology Risk Single-Blind Method Social Behavior Social Perception Autism Communication Early development Gaze following Joint attention Neurodevelopmental disorders Social cognition Younger siblings Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: The ability to follow gaze is an important prerequisite for joint attention, which is often compromised in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The direction of both the head and eyes provides cues to other people's attention direction, but previous studies have not separated these factors and their relation to ASD susceptibility. Development of gaze following typically occurs before ASD diagnosis is possible, and studies of high-risk populations are therefore important. METHODS: Eye tracking was used to assess gaze following during interaction in a group of 10-month-old infants at high familial risk for ASD (high-risk group) as well as a group of infants with no family history of ASD (low-risk group). The infants watched an experimenter gaze at objects in the periphery. Performance was compared across two conditions: one in which the experimenter moved both the eyes and head toward the objects (Eyes and Head condition) and one that involved movement of the eyes only (Eyes Only condition). RESULTS: A group by condition interaction effect was found. Specifically, whereas gaze following accuracy was comparable across the two conditions in the low-risk group, infants in the high-risk group were more likely to follow gaze in the Eyes and Head condition than in the Eyes Only condition. CONCLUSIONS: In an ecologically valid social situation, responses to basic non-verbal orienting cues were found to be altered in infants at risk for ASD. The results indicate that infants at risk for ASD may rely disproportionally on information from the head when following gaze and point to the importance of separating information from the eyes and the head when studying social perception in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-016-0069-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=329
[article]
Titre : Mimetic desire in autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Baudouin FORGEOT D'ARC, Auteur ; F. VINCKIER, Auteur ; M. LEBRETON, Auteur ; I. SOULIERES, Auteur ; Laurent MOTTRON, Auteur ; M. PESSIGLIONE, Auteur Article en page(s) : 45p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent Adult Anhedonia Autism Spectrum Disorder/physiopathology/psychology Case-Control Studies Female Humans Imitative Behavior/physiology Judgment Male Motivation/physiology Psychological Tests Social Perception Autism Brain valuation system Mimetic desire Mirror neuron system Restricted interests Social cognition Social influence Social motivation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Mimetic desire (MD), the spontaneous propensity to pursue goals that others pursue, is a case of social influence that is believed to shape preferences. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is defined by both atypical interests and altered social interaction. We investigated whether MD is lower in adults with ASD compared to typically developed adults and whether MD correlates with social anhedonia and social judgment, two aspects of atypical social functioning in autism. Contrary to our hypotheses, MD was similarly present in both ASD and control groups. Anhedonia and social judgment differed between the ASD and control groups but did not correlate with MD. These results extend previous findings by suggesting that basic mechanisms of social influence are preserved in autism. The finding of intact MD in ASD stands against the intuitive idea that atypical interests stem from reduced social influence and indirectly favors the possibility that special interests might be selected for their intrinsic properties. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-016-0107-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=328
in Molecular Autism > 7 (2016) . - 45p.[article] Mimetic desire in autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Baudouin FORGEOT D'ARC, Auteur ; F. VINCKIER, Auteur ; M. LEBRETON, Auteur ; I. SOULIERES, Auteur ; Laurent MOTTRON, Auteur ; M. PESSIGLIONE, Auteur . - 45p.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Molecular Autism > 7 (2016) . - 45p.
Mots-clés : Adolescent Adult Anhedonia Autism Spectrum Disorder/physiopathology/psychology Case-Control Studies Female Humans Imitative Behavior/physiology Judgment Male Motivation/physiology Psychological Tests Social Perception Autism Brain valuation system Mimetic desire Mirror neuron system Restricted interests Social cognition Social influence Social motivation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Mimetic desire (MD), the spontaneous propensity to pursue goals that others pursue, is a case of social influence that is believed to shape preferences. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is defined by both atypical interests and altered social interaction. We investigated whether MD is lower in adults with ASD compared to typically developed adults and whether MD correlates with social anhedonia and social judgment, two aspects of atypical social functioning in autism. Contrary to our hypotheses, MD was similarly present in both ASD and control groups. Anhedonia and social judgment differed between the ASD and control groups but did not correlate with MD. These results extend previous findings by suggesting that basic mechanisms of social influence are preserved in autism. The finding of intact MD in ASD stands against the intuitive idea that atypical interests stem from reduced social influence and indirectly favors the possibility that special interests might be selected for their intrinsic properties. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-016-0107-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=328