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Asperger syndrome in males over two decades: stability and predictors of diagnosis / Adam HELLES in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 56-6 (June 2015)
[article]
Titre : Asperger syndrome in males over two decades: stability and predictors of diagnosis Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Adam HELLES, Auteur ; Carina I. GILLBERG, Auteur ; Christopher GILLBERG, Auteur ; Eva BILLSTEDT, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.711-718 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Asperger syndrome diagnostic stability autism spectrum disorder pervasive developmental disorder males longitudinal study Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Objective To examine the diagnostic stability of a childhood diagnosis of Asperger Syndrome (AS) into adulthood in a prospective longitudinal study, and identify the predictors of stability. Methods One hundred males with AS diagnosed in childhood (T0) according to Gillberg's AS criteria, were followed up prospectively into adulthood over an average of 19 years (range 13–26 years). Fifty males (mean age 30 years) participated in this second follow-up (T2) of the cohort. Seventy-six had participated in a previous follow-up (T1) at mean age 22 years (47 participated in both follow-ups). Diagnosis at T2 was assessed using three sets of diagnostic criteria (Gillberg's AS criteria, DSM-IV Pervasive Developmental Disorder (PDD) and DSM-5 Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) criteria) and compared to previous assessments. Background predictors of diagnostic stability were analyzed. General functioning at T2 was assessed and compared to T1. Results There was a decline in the stability of AS diagnosis over time, the rate dropping from 82% at T1 to 44% at T2, when using the Gillberg criteria. There was also a significant decrease in the rate of cases fulfilling any PDD diagnosis according to the DSM-IV, from 91% at T1 to 76% at T2 in the 47 cases followed up twice. Severity of autism spectrum symptoms at T1 was the main predictor of diagnostic stability at T2. Twenty percent of those meeting criteria for a PDD diagnosis according to DSM-IV, did not meet DSM-5 ASD criteria although they had marked difficulties in everyday life. Conclusion Asperger Syndrome, when considered as an ASD/PDD diagnosis, was fairly stable into adulthood, but there was a significant increase over time in cases no longer meeting criteria for an ASD diagnosis according to the DSM-IV, or AS according to the Gillberg criteria. Cases with a stable diagnosis showed significantly more core ASD symptoms in adolescence/young adulthood. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12334 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-6 (June 2015) . - p.711-718[article] Asperger syndrome in males over two decades: stability and predictors of diagnosis [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Adam HELLES, Auteur ; Carina I. GILLBERG, Auteur ; Christopher GILLBERG, Auteur ; Eva BILLSTEDT, Auteur . - p.711-718.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-6 (June 2015) . - p.711-718
Mots-clés : Asperger syndrome diagnostic stability autism spectrum disorder pervasive developmental disorder males longitudinal study Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Objective To examine the diagnostic stability of a childhood diagnosis of Asperger Syndrome (AS) into adulthood in a prospective longitudinal study, and identify the predictors of stability. Methods One hundred males with AS diagnosed in childhood (T0) according to Gillberg's AS criteria, were followed up prospectively into adulthood over an average of 19 years (range 13–26 years). Fifty males (mean age 30 years) participated in this second follow-up (T2) of the cohort. Seventy-six had participated in a previous follow-up (T1) at mean age 22 years (47 participated in both follow-ups). Diagnosis at T2 was assessed using three sets of diagnostic criteria (Gillberg's AS criteria, DSM-IV Pervasive Developmental Disorder (PDD) and DSM-5 Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) criteria) and compared to previous assessments. Background predictors of diagnostic stability were analyzed. General functioning at T2 was assessed and compared to T1. Results There was a decline in the stability of AS diagnosis over time, the rate dropping from 82% at T1 to 44% at T2, when using the Gillberg criteria. There was also a significant decrease in the rate of cases fulfilling any PDD diagnosis according to the DSM-IV, from 91% at T1 to 76% at T2 in the 47 cases followed up twice. Severity of autism spectrum symptoms at T1 was the main predictor of diagnostic stability at T2. Twenty percent of those meeting criteria for a PDD diagnosis according to DSM-IV, did not meet DSM-5 ASD criteria although they had marked difficulties in everyday life. Conclusion Asperger Syndrome, when considered as an ASD/PDD diagnosis, was fairly stable into adulthood, but there was a significant increase over time in cases no longer meeting criteria for an ASD diagnosis according to the DSM-IV, or AS according to the Gillberg criteria. Cases with a stable diagnosis showed significantly more core ASD symptoms in adolescence/young adulthood. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12334 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260 Does sex influence the diagnostic evaluation of autism spectrum disorder in adults? / C. Ellie WILSON in Autism, 20-7 (October 2016)
[article]
Titre : Does sex influence the diagnostic evaluation of autism spectrum disorder in adults? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : C. Ellie WILSON, Auteur ; Clodagh M. MURPHY, Auteur ; Grainne MCALONAN, Auteur ; Dene M ROBERTSON, Auteur ; Debbie SPAIN, Auteur ; Hannah HAYWARD, Auteur ; Emma WOODHOUSE, Auteur ; Quinton DEELEY, Auteur ; Nicola GILLAN, Auteur ; J Chris OHLSEN, Auteur ; Janneke ZINKSTOK, Auteur ; Vladimira STOENCHEVA, Auteur ; Jessica FAULKNER, Auteur ; Hatice YILDIRAN, Auteur ; Vaughan BELL, Auteur ; Neil HAMMOND, Auteur ; Michael C. CRAIG, Auteur ; Declan GM MURPHY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.808-819 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder diagnosis females males sex differences Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : It is unknown whether sex influences the diagnostic evaluation of autism spectrum disorder, or whether male and female adults within the spectrum have different symptom profiles. This study reports sex differences in clinical outcomes for 1244 adults (935 males and 309 females) referred for autism spectrum disorder assessment. Significantly, more males (72%) than females (66%) were diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder of any subtype (x2?=?4.09; p?=?0.04). In high-functioning autism spectrum disorder adults (IQ?>?70; N?=?827), there were no significant sex differences in severity of socio-communicative domain symptoms. Males had significantly more repetitive behaviours/restricted interests than females (p?=?0.001, d?=?0.3). A multivariate analysis of variance indicated a significant interaction between autism spectrum disorder subtype (full-autism spectrum disorder/partial-autism spectrum disorder) and sex: in full-autism spectrum disorder, males had more severe socio-communicative symptoms than females; for partial-autism spectrum disorder, the reverse was true. There were no sex differences in prevalence of co-morbid psychopathologies. Sex influenced diagnostic evaluation in a clinical sample of adults with suspected autism spectrum disorder. The sexes may present with different manifestations of the autism spectrum disorder phenotype and differences vary by diagnostic subtype. Understanding and awareness of adult female repetitive behaviours/restricted interests warrant attention and sex-specific diagnostic assessment tools may need to be considered. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361315611381 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=293
in Autism > 20-7 (October 2016) . - p.808-819[article] Does sex influence the diagnostic evaluation of autism spectrum disorder in adults? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / C. Ellie WILSON, Auteur ; Clodagh M. MURPHY, Auteur ; Grainne MCALONAN, Auteur ; Dene M ROBERTSON, Auteur ; Debbie SPAIN, Auteur ; Hannah HAYWARD, Auteur ; Emma WOODHOUSE, Auteur ; Quinton DEELEY, Auteur ; Nicola GILLAN, Auteur ; J Chris OHLSEN, Auteur ; Janneke ZINKSTOK, Auteur ; Vladimira STOENCHEVA, Auteur ; Jessica FAULKNER, Auteur ; Hatice YILDIRAN, Auteur ; Vaughan BELL, Auteur ; Neil HAMMOND, Auteur ; Michael C. CRAIG, Auteur ; Declan GM MURPHY, Auteur . - p.808-819.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism > 20-7 (October 2016) . - p.808-819
Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder diagnosis females males sex differences Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : It is unknown whether sex influences the diagnostic evaluation of autism spectrum disorder, or whether male and female adults within the spectrum have different symptom profiles. This study reports sex differences in clinical outcomes for 1244 adults (935 males and 309 females) referred for autism spectrum disorder assessment. Significantly, more males (72%) than females (66%) were diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder of any subtype (x2?=?4.09; p?=?0.04). In high-functioning autism spectrum disorder adults (IQ?>?70; N?=?827), there were no significant sex differences in severity of socio-communicative domain symptoms. Males had significantly more repetitive behaviours/restricted interests than females (p?=?0.001, d?=?0.3). A multivariate analysis of variance indicated a significant interaction between autism spectrum disorder subtype (full-autism spectrum disorder/partial-autism spectrum disorder) and sex: in full-autism spectrum disorder, males had more severe socio-communicative symptoms than females; for partial-autism spectrum disorder, the reverse was true. There were no sex differences in prevalence of co-morbid psychopathologies. Sex influenced diagnostic evaluation in a clinical sample of adults with suspected autism spectrum disorder. The sexes may present with different manifestations of the autism spectrum disorder phenotype and differences vary by diagnostic subtype. Understanding and awareness of adult female repetitive behaviours/restricted interests warrant attention and sex-specific diagnostic assessment tools may need to be considered. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361315611381 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=293 Gender ratio in a clinical population sample, age of diagnosis and duration of assessment in children and adults with autism spectrum disorder / Marion RUTHERFORD in Autism, 20-5 (July 2016)
[article]
Titre : Gender ratio in a clinical population sample, age of diagnosis and duration of assessment in children and adults with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Marion RUTHERFORD, Auteur ; Karen MCKENZIE, Auteur ; Tess JOHNSON, Auteur ; Ciara CATCHPOLE, Auteur ; Anne O’HARE, Auteur ; IAIN MCCLURE, Auteur ; Kirsty FORSYTH, Auteur ; Deborah MCCARTNEY, Auteur ; Aja MURRAY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.628-634 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder diagnosis females gender males Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This article reports on gender ratio, age of diagnosis and the duration of assessment procedures in autism spectrum disorder diagnosis in a national study which included all types of clinical services for children and adults. Findings are reported from a retrospective case note analysis undertaken with a representative sample of 150 Scottish children and adults recently diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. The study reports key findings that the gender ratio in this consecutively referred cohort is lower than anticipated in some age groups and reduces with increasing age. The gender ratio in children, together with the significant difference in the mean age of referral and diagnosis for girls compared to boys, adds evidence of delayed recognition of autism spectrum disorder in younger girls. There was no significant difference in duration of assessment for males and females suggesting that delays in diagnosis of females occur prior to referral for assessment. Implications for practice and research are considered. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361315617879 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=290
in Autism > 20-5 (July 2016) . - p.628-634[article] Gender ratio in a clinical population sample, age of diagnosis and duration of assessment in children and adults with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Marion RUTHERFORD, Auteur ; Karen MCKENZIE, Auteur ; Tess JOHNSON, Auteur ; Ciara CATCHPOLE, Auteur ; Anne O’HARE, Auteur ; IAIN MCCLURE, Auteur ; Kirsty FORSYTH, Auteur ; Deborah MCCARTNEY, Auteur ; Aja MURRAY, Auteur . - p.628-634.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism > 20-5 (July 2016) . - p.628-634
Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder diagnosis females gender males Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This article reports on gender ratio, age of diagnosis and the duration of assessment procedures in autism spectrum disorder diagnosis in a national study which included all types of clinical services for children and adults. Findings are reported from a retrospective case note analysis undertaken with a representative sample of 150 Scottish children and adults recently diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. The study reports key findings that the gender ratio in this consecutively referred cohort is lower than anticipated in some age groups and reduces with increasing age. The gender ratio in children, together with the significant difference in the mean age of referral and diagnosis for girls compared to boys, adds evidence of delayed recognition of autism spectrum disorder in younger girls. There was no significant difference in duration of assessment for males and females suggesting that delays in diagnosis of females occur prior to referral for assessment. Implications for practice and research are considered. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361315617879 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=290 The gender of participants in published research involving people with autism spectrum disorders / Erin E. WATKINS in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 8-2 (February 2014)
[article]
Titre : The gender of participants in published research involving people with autism spectrum disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Erin E. WATKINS, Auteur ; Zachary J. ZIMMERMANN, Auteur ; Alan POLING, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.143-146 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Autism spectrum disorder Gender Females Males Research confound Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Research articles involving participants with an autism spectrum disorder and published from 2010 through 2012 in Autism, Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, Journal of Child Psychology and Child Psychiatry, and Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders were examined to determine the reported gender of participants. The overall male:female ratio was 4.62, which is similar to that reported in epidemiological studies, but the ratio was 6.07 in intervention studies. These findings suggesting that males were in a statistical sense over-represented in intervention studies, but not in other kinds of research. Most (82.21%) of these studies included both male and female participants, but direct comparisons of males and females with an autism spectrum disorder are scarce. Few of the articles we examined, 0.49% of the total, involved only female participants. Roughly half of the articles included comparison groups without an autism spectrum disorder. The percentage of male participants in these comparison groups was substantially and significantly lower than the percentage of males in groups with an autism spectrum disorder, which may in some cases constitute a methodological confound. We encourage researchers to carefully consider the gender of participants as both an extraneous variable and as an independent variable in future investigations. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2013.10.010 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=221
in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 8-2 (February 2014) . - p.143-146[article] The gender of participants in published research involving people with autism spectrum disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Erin E. WATKINS, Auteur ; Zachary J. ZIMMERMANN, Auteur ; Alan POLING, Auteur . - p.143-146.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 8-2 (February 2014) . - p.143-146
Mots-clés : Autism Autism spectrum disorder Gender Females Males Research confound Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Research articles involving participants with an autism spectrum disorder and published from 2010 through 2012 in Autism, Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, Journal of Child Psychology and Child Psychiatry, and Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders were examined to determine the reported gender of participants. The overall male:female ratio was 4.62, which is similar to that reported in epidemiological studies, but the ratio was 6.07 in intervention studies. These findings suggesting that males were in a statistical sense over-represented in intervention studies, but not in other kinds of research. Most (82.21%) of these studies included both male and female participants, but direct comparisons of males and females with an autism spectrum disorder are scarce. Few of the articles we examined, 0.49% of the total, involved only female participants. Roughly half of the articles included comparison groups without an autism spectrum disorder. The percentage of male participants in these comparison groups was substantially and significantly lower than the percentage of males in groups with an autism spectrum disorder, which may in some cases constitute a methodological confound. We encourage researchers to carefully consider the gender of participants as both an extraneous variable and as an independent variable in future investigations. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2013.10.010 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=221 Longitudinal comparison between male and female preschool children with autism spectrum disorder / Valentina POSTORINO in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 45-7 (July 2015)
[article]
Titre : Longitudinal comparison between male and female preschool children with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Valentina POSTORINO, Auteur ; Laura Maria FATTA, Auteur ; Lavinia DE PEPPO, Auteur ; Giulia GIOVAGNOLI, Auteur ; Marco ARMANDO, Auteur ; Stefano VICARI, Auteur ; Luigi MAZZONE, Auteur Année de publication : 2015 Article en page(s) : p.2046-2055 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder Preschoolers Males Females Longitudinal Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Epidemiological studies have highlighted a strong male bias in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), however few studies have examined gender differences in autism symptoms, and available findings are inconsistent. The aim of the present study is to investigate the longitudinal gender differences in developmental profiles of 30 female and 30 male age-matched preschool children with ASD. All the children underwent a comprehensive evaluation at T0 and at T1. Our results have shown no significant interaction between time and gender for predicting autism symptoms, developmental quotient, parental stress, children’s adaptive skills and behavior problems. Shedding light on the developmental trajectories in ASD could help clinicians to recognize children with ASD at an earlier age and contribute to the development of appropriate treatments. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-015-2366-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=261
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 45-7 (July 2015) . - p.2046-2055[article] Longitudinal comparison between male and female preschool children with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Valentina POSTORINO, Auteur ; Laura Maria FATTA, Auteur ; Lavinia DE PEPPO, Auteur ; Giulia GIOVAGNOLI, Auteur ; Marco ARMANDO, Auteur ; Stefano VICARI, Auteur ; Luigi MAZZONE, Auteur . - 2015 . - p.2046-2055.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 45-7 (July 2015) . - p.2046-2055
Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder Preschoolers Males Females Longitudinal Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Epidemiological studies have highlighted a strong male bias in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), however few studies have examined gender differences in autism symptoms, and available findings are inconsistent. The aim of the present study is to investigate the longitudinal gender differences in developmental profiles of 30 female and 30 male age-matched preschool children with ASD. All the children underwent a comprehensive evaluation at T0 and at T1. Our results have shown no significant interaction between time and gender for predicting autism symptoms, developmental quotient, parental stress, children’s adaptive skills and behavior problems. Shedding light on the developmental trajectories in ASD could help clinicians to recognize children with ASD at an earlier age and contribute to the development of appropriate treatments. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-015-2366-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=261 Pathways explaining the reduction of adult criminal behaviour by a randomized preventive intervention for disruptive kindergarten children / Frank VITARO in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 53-7 (July 2012)
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