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Do spoken nonword and sentence repetition tasks discriminate language impairment in children with an ASD? / Keely HARPER-HILL in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 7-2 (February 2013)
[article]
Titre : Do spoken nonword and sentence repetition tasks discriminate language impairment in children with an ASD? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Keely HARPER-HILL, Auteur ; David COPLAND, Auteur ; Wendy ARNOTT, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.265-275 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Language impairment Attention skills Reading impairment Nonword repetition Verbal short term memory Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The primary aim of this paper was to investigate heterogeneity in language abilities of children with a confirmed diagnosis of an ASD (N = 20) and children with typical development (TD; N = 15). Group comparisons revealed no differences between ASD and TD participants on standard clinical assessments of language ability, reading ability or nonverbal intelligence. However, a hierarchical cluster analysis based on spoken nonword repetition and sentence repetition identified two clusters within the combined group of ASD and TD participants. The first cluster (N = 6) presented with significantly poorer performances than the second cluster (N = 29) on both of the clustering variables in addition to single word and nonword reading. The significant differences between the two clusters occur within a context of Cluster 1 having language impairment and a tendency towards more severe autistic symptomatology. Differences between the oral language abilities of the first and second clusters are considered in light of diagnosis, attention and verbal short term memory skills and reading impairment. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2012.08.015 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=186
in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 7-2 (February 2013) . - p.265-275[article] Do spoken nonword and sentence repetition tasks discriminate language impairment in children with an ASD? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Keely HARPER-HILL, Auteur ; David COPLAND, Auteur ; Wendy ARNOTT, Auteur . - p.265-275.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 7-2 (February 2013) . - p.265-275
Mots-clés : Language impairment Attention skills Reading impairment Nonword repetition Verbal short term memory Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The primary aim of this paper was to investigate heterogeneity in language abilities of children with a confirmed diagnosis of an ASD (N = 20) and children with typical development (TD; N = 15). Group comparisons revealed no differences between ASD and TD participants on standard clinical assessments of language ability, reading ability or nonverbal intelligence. However, a hierarchical cluster analysis based on spoken nonword repetition and sentence repetition identified two clusters within the combined group of ASD and TD participants. The first cluster (N = 6) presented with significantly poorer performances than the second cluster (N = 29) on both of the clustering variables in addition to single word and nonword reading. The significant differences between the two clusters occur within a context of Cluster 1 having language impairment and a tendency towards more severe autistic symptomatology. Differences between the oral language abilities of the first and second clusters are considered in light of diagnosis, attention and verbal short term memory skills and reading impairment. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2012.08.015 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=186 Memory in language-impaired children with and without autism / A. P. HILL in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 7-1 (December 2015)
[article]
Titre : Memory in language-impaired children with and without autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : A. P. HILL, Auteur ; Jan P. H. VAN SANTEN, Auteur ; K. GORMAN, Auteur ; B. H. LANGHORST, Auteur ; E. FOMBONNE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.19 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders Narrative Nonword repetition Processing speed Specific language impairment Verbal memory Verbal working memory Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: A subgroup of young children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have significant language impairments (phonology, grammar, vocabulary), although such impairments are not considered to be core symptoms of and are not unique to ASD. Children with specific language impairment (SLI) display similar impairments in language. Given evidence for phenotypic and possibly etiologic overlap between SLI and ASD, it has been suggested that language-impaired children with ASD (ASD + language impairment, ALI) may be characterized as having both ASD and SLI. However, the extent to which the language phenotypes in SLI and ALI can be viewed as similar or different depends in part upon the age of the individuals studied. The purpose of the current study is to examine differences in memory abilities, specifically those that are key "markers" of heritable SLI, among young school-age children with SLI, ALI, and ALN (ASD + language normal). METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, three groups of children between ages 5 and 8 years participated: SLI (n = 18), ALI (n = 22), and ALN (n = 20). A battery of cognitive, language, and ASD assessments was administered as well as a nonword repetition (NWR) test and measures of verbal memory, visual memory, and processing speed. RESULTS: NWR difficulties were more severe in SLI than in ALI, with the largest effect sizes in response to nonwords with the shortest syllable lengths. Among children with ASD, NWR difficulties were not associated with the presence of impairments in multiple ASD domains, as reported previously. Verbal memory difficulties were present in both SLI and ALI groups relative to children with ALN. Performance on measures related to verbal but not visual memory or processing speed were significantly associated with the relative degree of language impairment in children with ASD, supporting the role of verbal memory difficulties in language impairments among early school-age children with ASD. CONCLUSIONS: The primary difference between children with SLI and ALI was in NWR performance, particularly in repeating two- and three-syllable nonwords, suggesting that shared difficulties in early language learning found in previous studies do not necessarily reflect the same underlying mechanisms. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-015-9111-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=347
in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 7-1 (December 2015) . - p.19[article] Memory in language-impaired children with and without autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / A. P. HILL, Auteur ; Jan P. H. VAN SANTEN, Auteur ; K. GORMAN, Auteur ; B. H. LANGHORST, Auteur ; E. FOMBONNE, Auteur . - p.19.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 7-1 (December 2015) . - p.19
Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders Narrative Nonword repetition Processing speed Specific language impairment Verbal memory Verbal working memory Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: A subgroup of young children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have significant language impairments (phonology, grammar, vocabulary), although such impairments are not considered to be core symptoms of and are not unique to ASD. Children with specific language impairment (SLI) display similar impairments in language. Given evidence for phenotypic and possibly etiologic overlap between SLI and ASD, it has been suggested that language-impaired children with ASD (ASD + language impairment, ALI) may be characterized as having both ASD and SLI. However, the extent to which the language phenotypes in SLI and ALI can be viewed as similar or different depends in part upon the age of the individuals studied. The purpose of the current study is to examine differences in memory abilities, specifically those that are key "markers" of heritable SLI, among young school-age children with SLI, ALI, and ALN (ASD + language normal). METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, three groups of children between ages 5 and 8 years participated: SLI (n = 18), ALI (n = 22), and ALN (n = 20). A battery of cognitive, language, and ASD assessments was administered as well as a nonword repetition (NWR) test and measures of verbal memory, visual memory, and processing speed. RESULTS: NWR difficulties were more severe in SLI than in ALI, with the largest effect sizes in response to nonwords with the shortest syllable lengths. Among children with ASD, NWR difficulties were not associated with the presence of impairments in multiple ASD domains, as reported previously. Verbal memory difficulties were present in both SLI and ALI groups relative to children with ALN. Performance on measures related to verbal but not visual memory or processing speed were significantly associated with the relative degree of language impairment in children with ASD, supporting the role of verbal memory difficulties in language impairments among early school-age children with ASD. CONCLUSIONS: The primary difference between children with SLI and ALI was in NWR performance, particularly in repeating two- and three-syllable nonwords, suggesting that shared difficulties in early language learning found in previous studies do not necessarily reflect the same underlying mechanisms. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-015-9111-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=347