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Is the dolphin a fish? ERP evidence for the impact of typicality during early visual processing in ultra-rapid semantic categorization in autism spectrum disorder / Ann-Kathrin BECK in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 14 (2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 14 (2022) Titre : Is the dolphin a fish? ERP evidence for the impact of typicality during early visual processing in ultra-rapid semantic categorization in autism spectrum disorder Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Ann-Kathrin BECK, Auteur ; Daniela CZERNOCHOWSKI, Auteur ; Thomas LACHMANN, Auteur ; Bernardo BARAHONA-CORREA, Auteur ; Joana C. CARMO, Auteur Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Animals  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Cognition  Dolphins  Male  Semantics  Visual Perception  Autistic spectrum  D prime  Eeg  Erp  High functioning  Presentation time Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Neurotypical individuals categorize items even during ultra-rapid presentations (20 ms; see Thorpe et al. Nature 381: 520, 1996). In cognitively able autistic adults, these semantic categorization processes may be impaired and/or may require additional time, specifically for the categorization of atypical compared to typical items. Here, we investigated how typicality structures influence ultra-rapid categorization in cognitively able autistic and neurotypical male adults. METHODS: Images representing typical or atypical exemplars of two different categories (food/animals) were presented for 23.5 vs. 82.3 ms (short/long). We analyzed detection rates, reaction times, and the event-related potential components dN150, N1, P2, N2, and P3 for each group. RESULTS: Behavioral results suggest slower and less correct responses to atypical compared to typical images. This typicality effect was larger for the category with less distinct boundaries (food) and observed in both groups. However, electrophysiological data indicate a different time course of typicality effects, suggesting that neurotypical adults categorize atypical images based on simple features (P2), whereas cognitively able autistic adults categorize later, based on arbitrary features of atypical images (P3). CONCLUSIONS: We found evidence that all three factors under investigation - category, typicality, and presentation time - modulated specific aspects of semantic categorization. Additionally, we observed a qualitatively different pattern in the autistic adults, which suggests that they relied on different cognitive processes to complete the task. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-022-09457-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=574 [article] Is the dolphin a fish? ERP evidence for the impact of typicality during early visual processing in ultra-rapid semantic categorization in autism spectrum disorder [texte imprimé] / Ann-Kathrin BECK, Auteur ; Daniela CZERNOCHOWSKI, Auteur ; Thomas LACHMANN, Auteur ; Bernardo BARAHONA-CORREA, Auteur ; Joana C. CARMO, Auteur. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 14 (2022) Mots-clés : Animals  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Cognition  Dolphins  Male  Semantics  Visual Perception  Autistic spectrum  D prime  Eeg  Erp  High functioning  Presentation time Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Neurotypical individuals categorize items even during ultra-rapid presentations (20 ms; see Thorpe et al. Nature 381: 520, 1996). In cognitively able autistic adults, these semantic categorization processes may be impaired and/or may require additional time, specifically for the categorization of atypical compared to typical items. Here, we investigated how typicality structures influence ultra-rapid categorization in cognitively able autistic and neurotypical male adults. METHODS: Images representing typical or atypical exemplars of two different categories (food/animals) were presented for 23.5 vs. 82.3 ms (short/long). We analyzed detection rates, reaction times, and the event-related potential components dN150, N1, P2, N2, and P3 for each group. RESULTS: Behavioral results suggest slower and less correct responses to atypical compared to typical images. This typicality effect was larger for the category with less distinct boundaries (food) and observed in both groups. However, electrophysiological data indicate a different time course of typicality effects, suggesting that neurotypical adults categorize atypical images based on simple features (P2), whereas cognitively able autistic adults categorize later, based on arbitrary features of atypical images (P3). CONCLUSIONS: We found evidence that all three factors under investigation - category, typicality, and presentation time - modulated specific aspects of semantic categorization. Additionally, we observed a qualitatively different pattern in the autistic adults, which suggests that they relied on different cognitive processes to complete the task. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-022-09457-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=574