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Self-reported sex differences in high-functioning adults with autism: a meta-analysis / R. L. MOSELEY in Molecular Autism, 9 (2018)
[article]
Titre : Self-reported sex differences in high-functioning adults with autism: a meta-analysis Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : R. L. MOSELEY, Auteur ; R. HITCHINER, Auteur ; J. A. KIRKBY, Auteur Article en page(s) : 33p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult Autistic Disorder/diagnosis/epidemiology Female Humans Language Development Male Self Report Sensorimotor Cortex/growth & development/physiopathology Sex Factors Sexual Development Gender raads-r Self-report Sex Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Sex differences in autistic symptomatology are believed to contribute to the mis- and missed diagnosis of many girls and women with an autism spectrum condition (ASC). Whilst recent years have seen the emergence of clinical and empirical reports delineating the profile of young autistic girls, recognition of sex differences in symptomatology in adulthood is far more limited. Methods: We chose here to focus on symptomatology as reported using a screening instrument, the Ritvo Autism Asperger Diagnostic Scale-Revised (RAADS-R). In a meta-analysis, we pooled and analysed RAADS-R data from a number of experimental groups. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) searched for the presence of main effects of Sex and Diagnosis and for interactions between these factors in our sample of autistic and non-autistic adults. Results: In social relatedness and circumscribed interests, main effects of Diagnosis revealed that as expected, autistic adults reported significantly greater lifetime prevalence of symptoms in these domains; an effect of Sex, in circumscribed interests, also suggested that males generally reported more prevalent symptoms than females. An interaction of Sex and Diagnosis in language symptomatology revealed that a normative sex difference in language difficulties was attenuated in autism. An interaction of Sex and Diagnosis in the sensorimotor domain revealed the opposite picture: a lack of sex differences between typically developing men and women and a greater prevalence of sensorimotor symptoms in autistic women than autistic men. Conclusions: We discuss the literature on childhood sex differences in relation to those which emerged in our adult sample. Where childhood sex differences fail to persist in adulthood, several interpretations exist, and we discuss, for example, an inherent sampling bias that may mean that only autistic women most similar to the male presentation are diagnosed. The finding that sensorimotor symptomatology is more highly reported by autistic women is a finding requiring objective confirmation, given its potential importance in diagnosis. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-018-0216-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=371
in Molecular Autism > 9 (2018) . - 33p.[article] Self-reported sex differences in high-functioning adults with autism: a meta-analysis [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / R. L. MOSELEY, Auteur ; R. HITCHINER, Auteur ; J. A. KIRKBY, Auteur . - 33p.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Molecular Autism > 9 (2018) . - 33p.
Mots-clés : Adult Autistic Disorder/diagnosis/epidemiology Female Humans Language Development Male Self Report Sensorimotor Cortex/growth & development/physiopathology Sex Factors Sexual Development Gender raads-r Self-report Sex Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Sex differences in autistic symptomatology are believed to contribute to the mis- and missed diagnosis of many girls and women with an autism spectrum condition (ASC). Whilst recent years have seen the emergence of clinical and empirical reports delineating the profile of young autistic girls, recognition of sex differences in symptomatology in adulthood is far more limited. Methods: We chose here to focus on symptomatology as reported using a screening instrument, the Ritvo Autism Asperger Diagnostic Scale-Revised (RAADS-R). In a meta-analysis, we pooled and analysed RAADS-R data from a number of experimental groups. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) searched for the presence of main effects of Sex and Diagnosis and for interactions between these factors in our sample of autistic and non-autistic adults. Results: In social relatedness and circumscribed interests, main effects of Diagnosis revealed that as expected, autistic adults reported significantly greater lifetime prevalence of symptoms in these domains; an effect of Sex, in circumscribed interests, also suggested that males generally reported more prevalent symptoms than females. An interaction of Sex and Diagnosis in language symptomatology revealed that a normative sex difference in language difficulties was attenuated in autism. An interaction of Sex and Diagnosis in the sensorimotor domain revealed the opposite picture: a lack of sex differences between typically developing men and women and a greater prevalence of sensorimotor symptoms in autistic women than autistic men. Conclusions: We discuss the literature on childhood sex differences in relation to those which emerged in our adult sample. Where childhood sex differences fail to persist in adulthood, several interpretations exist, and we discuss, for example, an inherent sampling bias that may mean that only autistic women most similar to the male presentation are diagnosed. The finding that sensorimotor symptomatology is more highly reported by autistic women is a finding requiring objective confirmation, given its potential importance in diagnosis. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-018-0216-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=371 Sex differences in the association between infant markers and later autistic traits / Rachael BEDFORD in Molecular Autism, 7 (2016)
[article]
Titre : Sex differences in the association between infant markers and later autistic traits Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Rachael BEDFORD, Auteur ; E. J. JONES, Auteur ; M. H. JOHNSON, Auteur ; A. PICKLES, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; T. GLIGA, Auteur Article en page(s) : 21p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention/physiology Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis/pathology Female Fixation, Ocular/physiology Humans Infant Male Phenotype Risk Factors Severity of Illness Index Sex Factors Siblings Surveys and Questionnaires Video Recording Autism Differential liability High risk Infants Sex difference Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Although it is well established that the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is higher in males than females, there is relatively little understanding of the underlying mechanisms and their developmental time course. Sex-specific protective or risk factors have often been invoked to explain these differences, but such factors are yet to be identified. METHODS: We take a developmental approach, using a prospective sample of 104 infants at high and low familial risk for ASD, to characterise sex differences in infant markers known to predict emerging autism symptoms. We examine three markers previously shown to be associated with later autistic social-communication symptoms: the Autism Observation Scale for Infants (AOSI) total score, attention disengagement speed and gaze following behaviour. Our aim was to test whether sex differences were already present in these markers at 1 year of age, which would suggest sex-specific mechanisms of risk or protection. RESULTS: While no sex differences were found in any of the three markers investigated, we found sex differences in their relationship to 3-year autism traits; all three markers significantly predicted later autism traits only in the boys. CONCLUSIONS: Previously identified 'early autism markers' were associated with later autism symptoms only in boys. This suggests that there may be additional moderating risk or protective factors which remain to be identified. Our findings have important implications for prospective studies in terms of directly testing for the moderating effect of sex on emerging autistic traits. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-016-0081-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=328
in Molecular Autism > 7 (2016) . - 21p.[article] Sex differences in the association between infant markers and later autistic traits [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Rachael BEDFORD, Auteur ; E. J. JONES, Auteur ; M. H. JOHNSON, Auteur ; A. PICKLES, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; T. GLIGA, Auteur . - 21p.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Molecular Autism > 7 (2016) . - 21p.
Mots-clés : Attention/physiology Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis/pathology Female Fixation, Ocular/physiology Humans Infant Male Phenotype Risk Factors Severity of Illness Index Sex Factors Siblings Surveys and Questionnaires Video Recording Autism Differential liability High risk Infants Sex difference Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Although it is well established that the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is higher in males than females, there is relatively little understanding of the underlying mechanisms and their developmental time course. Sex-specific protective or risk factors have often been invoked to explain these differences, but such factors are yet to be identified. METHODS: We take a developmental approach, using a prospective sample of 104 infants at high and low familial risk for ASD, to characterise sex differences in infant markers known to predict emerging autism symptoms. We examine three markers previously shown to be associated with later autistic social-communication symptoms: the Autism Observation Scale for Infants (AOSI) total score, attention disengagement speed and gaze following behaviour. Our aim was to test whether sex differences were already present in these markers at 1 year of age, which would suggest sex-specific mechanisms of risk or protection. RESULTS: While no sex differences were found in any of the three markers investigated, we found sex differences in their relationship to 3-year autism traits; all three markers significantly predicted later autism traits only in the boys. CONCLUSIONS: Previously identified 'early autism markers' were associated with later autism symptoms only in boys. This suggests that there may be additional moderating risk or protective factors which remain to be identified. Our findings have important implications for prospective studies in terms of directly testing for the moderating effect of sex on emerging autistic traits. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-016-0081-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=328 An investigation of the 'female camouflage effect' in autism using a computerized ADOS-2 and a test of sex/gender differences / A. RYNKIEWICZ in Molecular Autism, 7 (2016)
[article]
Titre : An investigation of the 'female camouflage effect' in autism using a computerized ADOS-2 and a test of sex/gender differences Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : A. RYNKIEWICZ, Auteur ; B. SCHULLER, Auteur ; E. MARCHI, Auteur ; S. PIANA, Auteur ; A. CAMURRI, Auteur ; A. LASSALLE, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : 10p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Asperger Syndrome/diagnosis/psychology Autistic Disorder/diagnosis/psychology Child Child, Preschool Communication Disorders/diagnosis/etiology Culture Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted/methods Diagnostic Errors Emotions Facial Expression Female Fixation, Ocular Gestures Humans Male Parents Poland Psychomotor Performance Severity of Illness Index Sex Characteristics Sex Factors Social Behavior Software Stereotyped Behavior Surveys and Questionnaires Ados-2 Computer application Diagnosis Females with autism Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Autism spectrum conditions (autism) are diagnosed more frequently in boys than in girls. Females with autism may have been under-identified due to not only a male-biased understanding of autism but also females' camouflaging. The study describes a new technique that allows automated coding of non-verbal mode of communication (gestures) and offers the possibility of objective, evaluation of gestures, independent of human judgment. The EyesWeb software platform and the Kinect sensor during two demonstration activities of ADOS-2 (Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, Second Edition) were used. METHODS: The study group consisted of 33 high-functioning Polish girls and boys with formal diagnosis of autism or Asperger syndrome aged 5-10, with fluent speech, IQ average and above and their parents (girls with autism, n = 16; boys with autism, n = 17). All children were assessed during two demonstration activities of Module 3 of ADOS-2, administered in Polish, and coded using Polish codes. Children were also assessed with Polish versions of the Eyes and Faces Tests. Parents provided information on the author-reviewed Polish research translation of SCQ (Social Communication Questionnaire, Current and Lifetime) and Polish version of AQ Child (Autism Spectrum Quotient, Child). RESULTS: Girls with autism tended to use gestures more vividly as compared to boys with autism during two demonstration activities of ADOS-2. Girls with autism made significantly more mistakes than boys with autism on the Faces Test. All children with autism had high scores in AQ Child, which confirmed the presence of autistic traits in this group. The current communication skills of boys with autism reported by parents in SCQ were significantly better than those of girls with autism. However, both girls with autism and boys with autism improved in the social and communication abilities over the lifetime. The number of stereotypic behaviours in boys significantly decreased over life whereas it remained at a comparable level in girls with autism. CONCLUSIONS: High-functioning females with autism might present better on non-verbal (gestures) mode of communication than boys with autism. It may camouflage other diagnostic features. It poses risk of under-diagnosis or not receiving the appropriate diagnosis for this population. Further research is required to examine this phenomenon so appropriate gender revisions to the diagnostic assessments might be implemented. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-016-0073-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=329
in Molecular Autism > 7 (2016) . - 10p.[article] An investigation of the 'female camouflage effect' in autism using a computerized ADOS-2 and a test of sex/gender differences [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / A. RYNKIEWICZ, Auteur ; B. SCHULLER, Auteur ; E. MARCHI, Auteur ; S. PIANA, Auteur ; A. CAMURRI, Auteur ; A. LASSALLE, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur . - 10p.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Molecular Autism > 7 (2016) . - 10p.
Mots-clés : Asperger Syndrome/diagnosis/psychology Autistic Disorder/diagnosis/psychology Child Child, Preschool Communication Disorders/diagnosis/etiology Culture Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted/methods Diagnostic Errors Emotions Facial Expression Female Fixation, Ocular Gestures Humans Male Parents Poland Psychomotor Performance Severity of Illness Index Sex Characteristics Sex Factors Social Behavior Software Stereotyped Behavior Surveys and Questionnaires Ados-2 Computer application Diagnosis Females with autism Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Autism spectrum conditions (autism) are diagnosed more frequently in boys than in girls. Females with autism may have been under-identified due to not only a male-biased understanding of autism but also females' camouflaging. The study describes a new technique that allows automated coding of non-verbal mode of communication (gestures) and offers the possibility of objective, evaluation of gestures, independent of human judgment. The EyesWeb software platform and the Kinect sensor during two demonstration activities of ADOS-2 (Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, Second Edition) were used. METHODS: The study group consisted of 33 high-functioning Polish girls and boys with formal diagnosis of autism or Asperger syndrome aged 5-10, with fluent speech, IQ average and above and their parents (girls with autism, n = 16; boys with autism, n = 17). All children were assessed during two demonstration activities of Module 3 of ADOS-2, administered in Polish, and coded using Polish codes. Children were also assessed with Polish versions of the Eyes and Faces Tests. Parents provided information on the author-reviewed Polish research translation of SCQ (Social Communication Questionnaire, Current and Lifetime) and Polish version of AQ Child (Autism Spectrum Quotient, Child). RESULTS: Girls with autism tended to use gestures more vividly as compared to boys with autism during two demonstration activities of ADOS-2. Girls with autism made significantly more mistakes than boys with autism on the Faces Test. All children with autism had high scores in AQ Child, which confirmed the presence of autistic traits in this group. The current communication skills of boys with autism reported by parents in SCQ were significantly better than those of girls with autism. However, both girls with autism and boys with autism improved in the social and communication abilities over the lifetime. The number of stereotypic behaviours in boys significantly decreased over life whereas it remained at a comparable level in girls with autism. CONCLUSIONS: High-functioning females with autism might present better on non-verbal (gestures) mode of communication than boys with autism. It may camouflage other diagnostic features. It poses risk of under-diagnosis or not receiving the appropriate diagnosis for this population. Further research is required to examine this phenomenon so appropriate gender revisions to the diagnostic assessments might be implemented. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-016-0073-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=329 Research Review: A systematic review and meta-analysis of sex/gender differences in social interaction and communication in autistic and nonautistic children and adolescents / H. WOOD-DOWNIE in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 62-8 (August 2021)
[article]
Titre : Research Review: A systematic review and meta-analysis of sex/gender differences in social interaction and communication in autistic and nonautistic children and adolescents Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : H. WOOD-DOWNIE, Auteur ; B. WONG, Auteur ; H. KOVSHOFF, Auteur ; S. CORTESE, Auteur ; Julie A. HADWIN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.922-936 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent Adult Autism Spectrum Disorder Autistic Disorder Child Communication Cross-Sectional Studies Female Humans Male Sex Factors Social Interaction Autism spectrum disorders Dsm gender difference meta-analysis sex differences Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Evidence increasingly suggests that ASD manifests differently in females than males. Previous reviews investigating sex/gender differences in social interaction and social communication have focused at the level of broad constructs (e.g. comparing algorithm scores from pre-existing diagnostic instruments) and have typically reported no significant differences between males and females. However, a number of individual studies have found sex/gender differences in narrow construct domains. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review and random effects model meta-analyses (in January 2019 and updated January 2020) that investigated sex/gender differences in narrow construct measures of social communication and interaction in autistic and nonautistic children and adolescents, and adults. Study quality was appraised using the Appraisal Tool for Cross-Sectional Studies (AXIS, BMJ Open, 6, 2016, 1). RESULTS: Across 16 studies (including 2,730 participants), the analysis found that female (vs. male) individuals with ASD had significantly better social interaction and social communication skills (SMD = 0.39, p < .001), which was reflective of a similar sex/gender profile in nonautistic individuals (SMD = 0.35, p < .001). Nonautistic males had significantly better social interaction and communication than males with ASD (SMD = 0.77, p < .001). Nonautistic females also had significantly better social interaction and communication than females with ASD (SMD = 0.72, p <.001). Nonautistic males had better social interaction and communication than females with ASD, though this difference was not significant (SMD = 0.30, p = .07). CONCLUSIONS: This systematic review and meta-analysis highlighted important sex/gender differences in social interaction and communication for individuals with ASD, likely not captured by pre-existing diagnostic instruments, which potentially contribute to the under recognition of autism in females, and may need to be reflected in the diagnostic process. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13337 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=456
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-8 (August 2021) . - p.922-936[article] Research Review: A systematic review and meta-analysis of sex/gender differences in social interaction and communication in autistic and nonautistic children and adolescents [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / H. WOOD-DOWNIE, Auteur ; B. WONG, Auteur ; H. KOVSHOFF, Auteur ; S. CORTESE, Auteur ; Julie A. HADWIN, Auteur . - p.922-936.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-8 (August 2021) . - p.922-936
Mots-clés : Adolescent Adult Autism Spectrum Disorder Autistic Disorder Child Communication Cross-Sectional Studies Female Humans Male Sex Factors Social Interaction Autism spectrum disorders Dsm gender difference meta-analysis sex differences Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Evidence increasingly suggests that ASD manifests differently in females than males. Previous reviews investigating sex/gender differences in social interaction and social communication have focused at the level of broad constructs (e.g. comparing algorithm scores from pre-existing diagnostic instruments) and have typically reported no significant differences between males and females. However, a number of individual studies have found sex/gender differences in narrow construct domains. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review and random effects model meta-analyses (in January 2019 and updated January 2020) that investigated sex/gender differences in narrow construct measures of social communication and interaction in autistic and nonautistic children and adolescents, and adults. Study quality was appraised using the Appraisal Tool for Cross-Sectional Studies (AXIS, BMJ Open, 6, 2016, 1). RESULTS: Across 16 studies (including 2,730 participants), the analysis found that female (vs. male) individuals with ASD had significantly better social interaction and social communication skills (SMD = 0.39, p < .001), which was reflective of a similar sex/gender profile in nonautistic individuals (SMD = 0.35, p < .001). Nonautistic males had significantly better social interaction and communication than males with ASD (SMD = 0.77, p < .001). Nonautistic females also had significantly better social interaction and communication than females with ASD (SMD = 0.72, p <.001). Nonautistic males had better social interaction and communication than females with ASD, though this difference was not significant (SMD = 0.30, p = .07). CONCLUSIONS: This systematic review and meta-analysis highlighted important sex/gender differences in social interaction and communication for individuals with ASD, likely not captured by pre-existing diagnostic instruments, which potentially contribute to the under recognition of autism in females, and may need to be reflected in the diagnostic process. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13337 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=456 Sex Differences in Co-occurring Conditions Among Autistic Children and Youth in Florida: A Retrospective Cohort Study (2012-2019) / Amber M. ANGELL in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 51-10 (October 2021)
[article]
Titre : Sex Differences in Co-occurring Conditions Among Autistic Children and Youth in Florida: A Retrospective Cohort Study (2012-2019) Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Amber M. ANGELL, Auteur ; Alexis DEAVENPORT-SAMAN, Auteur ; L. YIN, Auteur ; B. ZOU, Auteur ; C. BAI, Auteur ; D. VARMA, Auteur ; O. SOLOMON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.3759-3765 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent Adult Autism Spectrum Disorder/epidemiology Autistic Disorder/epidemiology Child Child, Preschool Female Florida/epidemiology Humans Infant Male Retrospective Studies Sex Characteristics Sex Factors Young Adult Autism spectrum disorder Co-occurring condition Gender Girls Healthcare claims Sex Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autistic children have a high prevalence of co-occurring mental health, developmental/behavioral, and medical conditions, but research on sex/gender differences has been mixed. We used Florida healthcare claims data to characterize sex differences (female/male) in co-occurring conditions among autistic children ages 1-21 (N?=?83,500). After adjusting for age, race, ethnicity, urbanicity, and insurance, autistic girls had significantly higher odds of anxiety disorders, mood disorders, intellectual disability, developmental disorders, epilepsy, metabolic disorders, gastrointestinal disorders, and sleep disorders compared to autistic boys. Autistic girls had significantly lower odds of ADHD. The findings contribute to the growing body of research on the unique healthcare needs of autistic girls. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04841-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=453
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 51-10 (October 2021) . - p.3759-3765[article] Sex Differences in Co-occurring Conditions Among Autistic Children and Youth in Florida: A Retrospective Cohort Study (2012-2019) [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Amber M. ANGELL, Auteur ; Alexis DEAVENPORT-SAMAN, Auteur ; L. YIN, Auteur ; B. ZOU, Auteur ; C. BAI, Auteur ; D. VARMA, Auteur ; O. SOLOMON, Auteur . - p.3759-3765.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 51-10 (October 2021) . - p.3759-3765
Mots-clés : Adolescent Adult Autism Spectrum Disorder/epidemiology Autistic Disorder/epidemiology Child Child, Preschool Female Florida/epidemiology Humans Infant Male Retrospective Studies Sex Characteristics Sex Factors Young Adult Autism spectrum disorder Co-occurring condition Gender Girls Healthcare claims Sex Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autistic children have a high prevalence of co-occurring mental health, developmental/behavioral, and medical conditions, but research on sex/gender differences has been mixed. We used Florida healthcare claims data to characterize sex differences (female/male) in co-occurring conditions among autistic children ages 1-21 (N?=?83,500). After adjusting for age, race, ethnicity, urbanicity, and insurance, autistic girls had significantly higher odds of anxiety disorders, mood disorders, intellectual disability, developmental disorders, epilepsy, metabolic disorders, gastrointestinal disorders, and sleep disorders compared to autistic boys. Autistic girls had significantly lower odds of ADHD. The findings contribute to the growing body of research on the unique healthcare needs of autistic girls. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04841-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=453 Sex/Gender Differences in CARS2 and GARS-3 Item Scores: Evidence of Phenotypic Differences Between Males and Females with ASD / Joanna M. TSIRGIOTIS in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 52-9 (September 2022)
PermalinkThe Association Between Autistic Traits and Disordered Eating is Moderated by Sex/Gender and Independent of Anxiety and Depression / A. BARNETT in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 51-6 (June 2021)
PermalinkA multimethod approach to assessing motor skills in boys and girls with autism spectrum disorder / Alessandro CRIPPA in Autism, 25-5 (July 2021)
PermalinkA multimethod approach to assessing motor skills in boys and girls with autism spectrum disorder / Alessandro CRIPPA in Autism, 26-5 (July 2022)
PermalinkResting and Functional Pupil Response Metrics Indicate Features of Reward Sensitivity and ASD in Children / A. S. DICRISCIO in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 51-7 (July 2021)
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