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Anxiety and Attentional Bias to Threat in Children at Increased Familial Risk for Autism Spectrum Disorder / B. MILOSAVLJEVIC in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 47-12 (December 2017)
[article]
Titre : Anxiety and Attentional Bias to Threat in Children at Increased Familial Risk for Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : B. MILOSAVLJEVIC, Auteur ; E. SHEPHARD, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur ; M. H. JOHNSON, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur Année de publication : 2017 Article en page(s) : p.3714-3727 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Anxiety Autism Spectrum Disorder High-risk siblings Threat bias Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Anxiety and threat bias were examined in 6-8-year-old children at familial-risk for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and low-risk (LR, n = 37) controls. The high-risk (HR) group was divided into those who met diagnostic criteria for ASD (HR-ASD, n = 15) and those who did not (HR-non ASD, n = 24). The HR-ASD group had highest levels of parent-reported anxiety. The HR-non ASD group exhibited increased threat bias on a spatial-cueing task, while the HR-ASD group did not. Anxiety symptoms were associated with both threat bias and ASD severity. These findings suggest that the mechanisms underlying anxiety in HR siblings without ASD are similar to those in non-ASD populations. However, among children with ASD, hypersensitivity to threat may not underlie anxiety symptoms. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-016-3012-1 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=325
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 47-12 (December 2017) . - p.3714-3727[article] Anxiety and Attentional Bias to Threat in Children at Increased Familial Risk for Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / B. MILOSAVLJEVIC, Auteur ; E. SHEPHARD, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur ; M. H. JOHNSON, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur . - 2017 . - p.3714-3727.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 47-12 (December 2017) . - p.3714-3727
Mots-clés : Anxiety Autism Spectrum Disorder High-risk siblings Threat bias Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Anxiety and threat bias were examined in 6-8-year-old children at familial-risk for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and low-risk (LR, n = 37) controls. The high-risk (HR) group was divided into those who met diagnostic criteria for ASD (HR-ASD, n = 15) and those who did not (HR-non ASD, n = 24). The HR-ASD group had highest levels of parent-reported anxiety. The HR-non ASD group exhibited increased threat bias on a spatial-cueing task, while the HR-ASD group did not. Anxiety symptoms were associated with both threat bias and ASD severity. These findings suggest that the mechanisms underlying anxiety in HR siblings without ASD are similar to those in non-ASD populations. However, among children with ASD, hypersensitivity to threat may not underlie anxiety symptoms. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-016-3012-1 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=325 Training anxious children to disengage attention from threat: a randomized controlled trial / Yair BAR-HAIM in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 52-8 (August 2011)
[article]
Titre : Training anxious children to disengage attention from threat: a randomized controlled trial Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Yair BAR-HAIM, Auteur ; Inbar MORAG, Auteur ; Shlomit GLICKMAN, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p.861-869 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Threat bias anxiety children attention bias modification treatment Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Threat-related attention biases have been implicated in the etiology and maintenance of anxiety disorders. As a result, attention bias modification (ABM) protocols have been employed as treatments for anxious adults. However, they have yet to emerge for children. A randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial was conducted to examine the efficacy of an ABM protocol designed to facilitate attention disengagement from threats, thereby reducing anxiety and stress vulnerability in children.
Methods: Participants were 34 chronically high-anxious 10-year-olds. An emotional attention spatial cueing task was used. In the ABM condition (n = 18), threat faces never cued the targets’ locations, such that the valid–invalid ratio was 0%/100%, respectively. The valid–invalid ratio on neutral cue trials was 25%/75%, respectively. In the control condition, the valid–invalid ratio was 25%/75% for both neutral and threat faces. Anxiety and depression were measured pre- and post-training and pre- and post-stress induction.
Results: ABM facilitated attention disengagement from threat. In response to the stressor task, children in the ABM condition reported less state anxiety relative to controls.
Conclusion: Computerized attention training procedures may be beneficial for reducing stress vulnerability in anxious children.En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02368.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=132
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-8 (August 2011) . - p.861-869[article] Training anxious children to disengage attention from threat: a randomized controlled trial [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Yair BAR-HAIM, Auteur ; Inbar MORAG, Auteur ; Shlomit GLICKMAN, Auteur . - 2011 . - p.861-869.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-8 (August 2011) . - p.861-869
Mots-clés : Threat bias anxiety children attention bias modification treatment Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Threat-related attention biases have been implicated in the etiology and maintenance of anxiety disorders. As a result, attention bias modification (ABM) protocols have been employed as treatments for anxious adults. However, they have yet to emerge for children. A randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial was conducted to examine the efficacy of an ABM protocol designed to facilitate attention disengagement from threats, thereby reducing anxiety and stress vulnerability in children.
Methods: Participants were 34 chronically high-anxious 10-year-olds. An emotional attention spatial cueing task was used. In the ABM condition (n = 18), threat faces never cued the targets’ locations, such that the valid–invalid ratio was 0%/100%, respectively. The valid–invalid ratio on neutral cue trials was 25%/75%, respectively. In the control condition, the valid–invalid ratio was 25%/75% for both neutral and threat faces. Anxiety and depression were measured pre- and post-training and pre- and post-stress induction.
Results: ABM facilitated attention disengagement from threat. In response to the stressor task, children in the ABM condition reported less state anxiety relative to controls.
Conclusion: Computerized attention training procedures may be beneficial for reducing stress vulnerability in anxious children.En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02368.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=132 Hypervigilance-avoidance in children with anxiety disorders: magnetoencephalographic evidence / Ida WESSING in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58-1 (January 2017)
[article]
Titre : Hypervigilance-avoidance in children with anxiety disorders: magnetoencephalographic evidence Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Ida WESSING, Auteur ; Georg ROMER, Auteur ; Markus JUNGHÖFER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.103-112 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Anxiety disorders children threat bias hypervigilance avoidance magnetoencephalography Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background An altered pattern of threat processing is deemed critical for the development of anxiety disorders (AD). According to the hypervigilance-avoidance hypothesis, AD patients show hypervigilance to threat cues at early stages of processing but avoid threat cues at later stages of processing. Consistently, adults with AD show enhanced neurophysiological responses to threat in early time windows and reduced responses to threat in late time windows. The presence of such a hypervigilance-avoidance effect and its underlying neural sources remain to be determined in clinically anxious children. Methods Twenty-three children diagnosed with an AD and 23 healthy control children aged 8–14 years saw faces with angry and neutral expressions while whole-head magnetoencephalography (MEG) was recorded. Neural sources were estimated based on L2-Minimum Norm inverse source modeling and analyzed in early, midlatency, and late time windows. Results In visual cortical regions, early threat processing was relatively enhanced in patients compared to controls, whereas this relation was inverted in a late interval. Consistent with the idea of affective regulation, the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex revealed relatively reduced inhibition of early threat processing but revealed enhanced inhibition at a late interval in patients. Both visual-sensory and prefrontal effects were correlated with individual trait anxiety. Conclusions These results support the hypothesis of early sensory hypervigilance followed by later avoidance of threat in anxiety disordered children, presumably modulated by early reduced and later enhanced prefrontal inhibition. This neuronal hypervigilance-avoidance pattern unfolds gradually with increasing trait anxiety, reflecting a progressively biased allocation of attention to threat. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12617 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=298
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-1 (January 2017) . - p.103-112[article] Hypervigilance-avoidance in children with anxiety disorders: magnetoencephalographic evidence [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Ida WESSING, Auteur ; Georg ROMER, Auteur ; Markus JUNGHÖFER, Auteur . - p.103-112.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-1 (January 2017) . - p.103-112
Mots-clés : Anxiety disorders children threat bias hypervigilance avoidance magnetoencephalography Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background An altered pattern of threat processing is deemed critical for the development of anxiety disorders (AD). According to the hypervigilance-avoidance hypothesis, AD patients show hypervigilance to threat cues at early stages of processing but avoid threat cues at later stages of processing. Consistently, adults with AD show enhanced neurophysiological responses to threat in early time windows and reduced responses to threat in late time windows. The presence of such a hypervigilance-avoidance effect and its underlying neural sources remain to be determined in clinically anxious children. Methods Twenty-three children diagnosed with an AD and 23 healthy control children aged 8–14 years saw faces with angry and neutral expressions while whole-head magnetoencephalography (MEG) was recorded. Neural sources were estimated based on L2-Minimum Norm inverse source modeling and analyzed in early, midlatency, and late time windows. Results In visual cortical regions, early threat processing was relatively enhanced in patients compared to controls, whereas this relation was inverted in a late interval. Consistent with the idea of affective regulation, the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex revealed relatively reduced inhibition of early threat processing but revealed enhanced inhibition at a late interval in patients. Both visual-sensory and prefrontal effects were correlated with individual trait anxiety. Conclusions These results support the hypothesis of early sensory hypervigilance followed by later avoidance of threat in anxiety disordered children, presumably modulated by early reduced and later enhanced prefrontal inhibition. This neuronal hypervigilance-avoidance pattern unfolds gradually with increasing trait anxiety, reflecting a progressively biased allocation of attention to threat. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12617 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=298 Mechanisms of Anxiety Related Attentional Biases in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder / Tamara MAY in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 45-10 (October 2015)
[article]
Titre : Mechanisms of Anxiety Related Attentional Biases in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Tamara MAY, Auteur ; Kim CORNISH, Auteur ; Nicole J. RINEHART, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.3339-3350 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder Anxiety Dot probe Attention bias Threat bias Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have high levels of anxiety. It is unclear whether they exhibit threat-related attentional biases commensurate with anxiety disorders as manifest in non-ASD populations, such as facilitated attention toward, and difficulties disengaging engaging from, threatening stimuli. Ninety children, 45 cognitively able with ASD and 45 age, perceptual-IQ, and gender matched typically developing children, aged 7–12 years, were administered a visual dot probe task using threatening facial pictures. Parent-reported anxiety symptoms were also collected. Children with ASD showed similarly high levels of anxiety compared with normative data from an anxiety disordered sample. Children with ASD had higher levels of parent-reported anxiety but did not show differences in disengaging from, or facilitated attention toward, threatening facial stimuli compared with typically developing children. In contrast to previously published studies of anxious children, in this study there were no differences in attentional biases in children with ASD meeting clinical cutoff for anxiety and those who did not. There were no correlations between attentional biases and anxiety symptoms and no gender differences. These findings indicate the cognitive mechanisms underlying anxiety in cognitively able children with ASD could differ from those commonly found in anxious children which may have implications for both understanding the aetiology of anxiety in ASD and for anxiety interventions En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-015-2500-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=267
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 45-10 (October 2015) . - p.3339-3350[article] Mechanisms of Anxiety Related Attentional Biases in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Tamara MAY, Auteur ; Kim CORNISH, Auteur ; Nicole J. RINEHART, Auteur . - p.3339-3350.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 45-10 (October 2015) . - p.3339-3350
Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder Anxiety Dot probe Attention bias Threat bias Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have high levels of anxiety. It is unclear whether they exhibit threat-related attentional biases commensurate with anxiety disorders as manifest in non-ASD populations, such as facilitated attention toward, and difficulties disengaging engaging from, threatening stimuli. Ninety children, 45 cognitively able with ASD and 45 age, perceptual-IQ, and gender matched typically developing children, aged 7–12 years, were administered a visual dot probe task using threatening facial pictures. Parent-reported anxiety symptoms were also collected. Children with ASD showed similarly high levels of anxiety compared with normative data from an anxiety disordered sample. Children with ASD had higher levels of parent-reported anxiety but did not show differences in disengaging from, or facilitated attention toward, threatening facial stimuli compared with typically developing children. In contrast to previously published studies of anxious children, in this study there were no differences in attentional biases in children with ASD meeting clinical cutoff for anxiety and those who did not. There were no correlations between attentional biases and anxiety symptoms and no gender differences. These findings indicate the cognitive mechanisms underlying anxiety in cognitively able children with ASD could differ from those commonly found in anxious children which may have implications for both understanding the aetiology of anxiety in ASD and for anxiety interventions En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-015-2500-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=267