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A Cross-Cultural Comparison of Autistic Traits in the UK, India and Malaysia / Megan FREETH in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 43-11 (November 2013)
[article]
Titre : A Cross-Cultural Comparison of Autistic Traits in the UK, India and Malaysia Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Megan FREETH, Auteur ; Elizabeth SHEPPARD, Auteur ; Rajani RAMACHANDRAN, Auteur ; Elizabeth MILNE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2569-2583 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Culture Autistic traits Western Eastern India Malaysia UK Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The disorder of autism is widely recognised throughout the world. However, the diagnostic criteria and theories of autism are based on research predominantly conducted in Western cultures. Here we compare the expression of autistic traits in a sample of neurotypical individuals from one Western culture (UK) and two Eastern cultures (India and Malaysia), using the Autism-spectrum Quotient (AQ) in order to identify possible cultural differences in the expression of autistic traits. Behaviours associated with autistic traits were reported to a greater extent in the Eastern cultures than the Western culture. Males scored higher than females and science students scored higher than non-science students in each culture. Indian students scored higher than both other groups on the Imagination sub-scale, Malaysian students scored higher than both other groups on the Attention Switching sub-scale. The underlying factor structures of the AQ for each population were derived and discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-013-1808-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=217
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 43-11 (November 2013) . - p.2569-2583[article] A Cross-Cultural Comparison of Autistic Traits in the UK, India and Malaysia [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Megan FREETH, Auteur ; Elizabeth SHEPPARD, Auteur ; Rajani RAMACHANDRAN, Auteur ; Elizabeth MILNE, Auteur . - p.2569-2583.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 43-11 (November 2013) . - p.2569-2583
Mots-clés : Culture Autistic traits Western Eastern India Malaysia UK Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The disorder of autism is widely recognised throughout the world. However, the diagnostic criteria and theories of autism are based on research predominantly conducted in Western cultures. Here we compare the expression of autistic traits in a sample of neurotypical individuals from one Western culture (UK) and two Eastern cultures (India and Malaysia), using the Autism-spectrum Quotient (AQ) in order to identify possible cultural differences in the expression of autistic traits. Behaviours associated with autistic traits were reported to a greater extent in the Eastern cultures than the Western culture. Males scored higher than females and science students scored higher than non-science students in each culture. Indian students scored higher than both other groups on the Imagination sub-scale, Malaysian students scored higher than both other groups on the Attention Switching sub-scale. The underlying factor structures of the AQ for each population were derived and discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-013-1808-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=217 Randomized controlled trial of Functional Family Therapy for offending and antisocial behavior in UK youth / Sajid HUMAYUN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58-9 (September 2017)
[article]
Titre : Randomized controlled trial of Functional Family Therapy for offending and antisocial behavior in UK youth Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sajid HUMAYUN, Auteur ; Lauren HERLITZ, Auteur ; Melanie CHESNOKOV, Auteur ; Moira DOOLAN, Auteur ; Sabine LANDAU, Auteur ; Stephen SCOTT, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1023-1032 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : antisocial behavior conduct disorder FFT offending parenting RCT UK youth Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Youth offending and antisocial behavior (ASB) are associated with low quality mental health and relationships and usually lead to poor adult functioning; they are very costly for society. Family interventions are effective in children but there are few reliably effective and inexpensive interventions for adolescents. Functional Family Therapy (FFT) is an evidence-based intervention but seldom tested outside the United States. Methods One hundred and eleven adolescents (10–17 years of age, M = 15.0, SD = 1.63) and their families were randomized to FFT + Management As Usual (MAU) (n = 65) or to MAU (n = 46). Assessments were made at baseline 6, and 18 months after randomization and included interviews and questionnaires of parenting behaviors, conduct disorders (CDs) and offending. Parent–child interaction was directly observed and police records obtained. Trial registration: ISRCTN27650478. Results Eighty-nine (80%) were followed-up. In both groups, there were large reductions over time in all measures of offending and antisocial behavior (e.g. primary outcome p < 0.001), but no significant changes over time in parenting behavior or the parent–child relationship. However, there were no differences between intervention and control groups at 6 or 18 months on self-reported delinquency, police records of offending, symptoms or diagnoses of CDs, parental monitoring or supervision, directly observed child negative behavior, or parental positive or negative behavior. Against predictions, the intervention group showed lower levels of directly observed child positive behavior at 18 months compared to controls. Conclusions In contrast to most previous trials of FFT, FFT+MAU did not lead to greater reductions in youth ASB and offending compared to MAU alone, and did not lead to improvements in parenting or the parent–child relationship. This may be because the trial was more rigorously conducted than prior studies; equally, the possibility that MAU was effective requires further research. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12743 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=317
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-9 (September 2017) . - p.1023-1032[article] Randomized controlled trial of Functional Family Therapy for offending and antisocial behavior in UK youth [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sajid HUMAYUN, Auteur ; Lauren HERLITZ, Auteur ; Melanie CHESNOKOV, Auteur ; Moira DOOLAN, Auteur ; Sabine LANDAU, Auteur ; Stephen SCOTT, Auteur . - p.1023-1032.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-9 (September 2017) . - p.1023-1032
Mots-clés : antisocial behavior conduct disorder FFT offending parenting RCT UK youth Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Youth offending and antisocial behavior (ASB) are associated with low quality mental health and relationships and usually lead to poor adult functioning; they are very costly for society. Family interventions are effective in children but there are few reliably effective and inexpensive interventions for adolescents. Functional Family Therapy (FFT) is an evidence-based intervention but seldom tested outside the United States. Methods One hundred and eleven adolescents (10–17 years of age, M = 15.0, SD = 1.63) and their families were randomized to FFT + Management As Usual (MAU) (n = 65) or to MAU (n = 46). Assessments were made at baseline 6, and 18 months after randomization and included interviews and questionnaires of parenting behaviors, conduct disorders (CDs) and offending. Parent–child interaction was directly observed and police records obtained. Trial registration: ISRCTN27650478. Results Eighty-nine (80%) were followed-up. In both groups, there were large reductions over time in all measures of offending and antisocial behavior (e.g. primary outcome p < 0.001), but no significant changes over time in parenting behavior or the parent–child relationship. However, there were no differences between intervention and control groups at 6 or 18 months on self-reported delinquency, police records of offending, symptoms or diagnoses of CDs, parental monitoring or supervision, directly observed child negative behavior, or parental positive or negative behavior. Against predictions, the intervention group showed lower levels of directly observed child positive behavior at 18 months compared to controls. Conclusions In contrast to most previous trials of FFT, FFT+MAU did not lead to greater reductions in youth ASB and offending compared to MAU alone, and did not lead to improvements in parenting or the parent–child relationship. This may be because the trial was more rigorously conducted than prior studies; equally, the possibility that MAU was effective requires further research. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12743 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=317