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Risk factors for nonfatal self-harm and suicide among adolescents: two nested case-control studies conducted in the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink / Lukasz CYBULSKI in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 63-9 (September 2022)
[article]
Titre : Risk factors for nonfatal self-harm and suicide among adolescents: two nested case-control studies conducted in the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Lukasz CYBULSKI, Auteur ; Darren M. ASHCROFT, Auteur ; Matthew J. CARR, Auteur ; Shruti GARG, Auteur ; Carolyn A. CHEW-GRAHAM, Auteur ; Nav KAPUR, Auteur ; Roger T. WEBB, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1078-1088 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent Autism Spectrum Disorder Case-Control Studies Female Humans Male Risk Factors Self-Injurious Behavior/epidemiology/psychology Suicide/prevention & control United Kingdom/epidemiology Adolescence case-control self-harm suicide Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: The characteristics of adolescents who die by suicide have hitherto been examined in uncontrolled study designs, thereby precluding examination of risk factors. The degree to which antecedents of nonfatal self-harm and suicide at young age differ remains unknown. METHOD: We delineated two nested case-control studies of patients aged 10-19years using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink with interlinked hospital and national mortality records. Cases were adolescents who between 1st January 2003 and 31st December 2018 had died from suicide (N=324) - study 1; experienced their first self-harm episode (N=56,008) - study 2. In both studies, cases were matched on sex, age and practice-level deprivation quintile to 25 controls. By fitting conditional logistic regression, we examined how risks varied according to psychiatric diagnoses, prescribed psychotropic medication, patterns of clinical contact and area-level deprivation. RESULTS: Suicides occurred more often among boys (66%), but self-harm was more common in girls (68%). Most individuals who self-harmed or died from suicide presented to their GP at least once in the preceding year (85% and 75% respectively). Only a third of cases had one of the examined diagnostic categories recorded. Depression was most strongly associated with elevated risks for both outcomes (self-harm: OR 7.9; 95% CI 7.8-8.2; suicide: OR 7.4; 95% CI 5.5-9.9). Except for autism spectrum disorder, all other diagnostic categories were linked with similar risk elevations for self-harm as for suicide. Whilst self-harm risk rose incrementally with increasing levels of area-level deprivation, suicide risks did not. CONCLUSIONS: We observed few marked differences in risk factor profiles for nonfatal self-harm versus suicide. As most adolescents who had harmed themselves or died by suicide were known to services in the preceding year, their underlying pathology may not be adequately identified and treated. Our findings highlight the need for a multiagency approach to treatment and prevention. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13552 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=486
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-9 (September 2022) . - p.1078-1088[article] Risk factors for nonfatal self-harm and suicide among adolescents: two nested case-control studies conducted in the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Lukasz CYBULSKI, Auteur ; Darren M. ASHCROFT, Auteur ; Matthew J. CARR, Auteur ; Shruti GARG, Auteur ; Carolyn A. CHEW-GRAHAM, Auteur ; Nav KAPUR, Auteur ; Roger T. WEBB, Auteur . - p.1078-1088.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-9 (September 2022) . - p.1078-1088
Mots-clés : Adolescent Autism Spectrum Disorder Case-Control Studies Female Humans Male Risk Factors Self-Injurious Behavior/epidemiology/psychology Suicide/prevention & control United Kingdom/epidemiology Adolescence case-control self-harm suicide Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: The characteristics of adolescents who die by suicide have hitherto been examined in uncontrolled study designs, thereby precluding examination of risk factors. The degree to which antecedents of nonfatal self-harm and suicide at young age differ remains unknown. METHOD: We delineated two nested case-control studies of patients aged 10-19years using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink with interlinked hospital and national mortality records. Cases were adolescents who between 1st January 2003 and 31st December 2018 had died from suicide (N=324) - study 1; experienced their first self-harm episode (N=56,008) - study 2. In both studies, cases were matched on sex, age and practice-level deprivation quintile to 25 controls. By fitting conditional logistic regression, we examined how risks varied according to psychiatric diagnoses, prescribed psychotropic medication, patterns of clinical contact and area-level deprivation. RESULTS: Suicides occurred more often among boys (66%), but self-harm was more common in girls (68%). Most individuals who self-harmed or died from suicide presented to their GP at least once in the preceding year (85% and 75% respectively). Only a third of cases had one of the examined diagnostic categories recorded. Depression was most strongly associated with elevated risks for both outcomes (self-harm: OR 7.9; 95% CI 7.8-8.2; suicide: OR 7.4; 95% CI 5.5-9.9). Except for autism spectrum disorder, all other diagnostic categories were linked with similar risk elevations for self-harm as for suicide. Whilst self-harm risk rose incrementally with increasing levels of area-level deprivation, suicide risks did not. CONCLUSIONS: We observed few marked differences in risk factor profiles for nonfatal self-harm versus suicide. As most adolescents who had harmed themselves or died by suicide were known to services in the preceding year, their underlying pathology may not be adequately identified and treated. Our findings highlight the need for a multiagency approach to treatment and prevention. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13552 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=486 Breastfeeding association with autism spectrum disorders: A case-control study from Lebanon / Lama SHAMSEDINE in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 78 (October 2020)
[article]
Titre : Breastfeeding association with autism spectrum disorders: A case-control study from Lebanon Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Lama SHAMSEDINE, Auteur ; Aurelie MAILHAC, Auteur ; Alexandra BADAOUI, Auteur ; Rhawann EL HAKIM, Auteur ; Ramzi KIBBI, Auteur ; Hala OUEIDAT, Auteur ; Yolla YOUSSEF, Auteur ; Rose-Mary BOUSTANY, Auteur ; Mona NABULSI, Auteur Article en page(s) : 101651 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder breastfeeding Lebanon case-control Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in Lebanon are rising whereas breastfeeding is declining. This case-control study investigates the association between breastfeeding and ASD. Methods Children below 36 months recently diagnosed with ASD were matched to healthy controls by gender and gestational age. The association between ASD and breastfeeding was investigated in univariate and multivariate conditional logistic regression analyses, adjusting for the confounding effects of socio-demographic, pregnancy, and birth variables; parental characteristics, and family history. Results Cases (n?=?46) were older than controls (n?=?184), mean (SD) 31.6 (4.9) versus 25.5 (5.6) months, (p?0.001). ASD was associated with lack of exclusive breastfeeding in univariate (OR?=?0.37, 95% CI: 0.19 to 0.72) and multivariate regression analyses (OR?=?0.37, 95% CI: 0.16 to 0.88). There were no significant associations between ASD and the durations of exclusive breastfeeding or any breastfeeding. Other independent predictors of ASD in the adjusted analysis were the lack of intake of prenatal vitamins, advanced paternal age, lower paternal education, higher intake of drugs prenatally, and family history of ASD. Conclusions This study provides further evidence on the protective effect of exclusive breastfeeding against ASD. Future studies may help determine whether advising pregnant women to exclusively breastfeed their infants would reduce ASD, especially those at high risk for ASD such as those with a family history of ASD. Further research to understand the physiological basis of the protective effects of breastfeeding is essential, as well as studies that target the optimal duration of exclusive breastfeeding that can protect from ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2020.101651 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=433
in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 78 (October 2020) . - 101651[article] Breastfeeding association with autism spectrum disorders: A case-control study from Lebanon [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Lama SHAMSEDINE, Auteur ; Aurelie MAILHAC, Auteur ; Alexandra BADAOUI, Auteur ; Rhawann EL HAKIM, Auteur ; Ramzi KIBBI, Auteur ; Hala OUEIDAT, Auteur ; Yolla YOUSSEF, Auteur ; Rose-Mary BOUSTANY, Auteur ; Mona NABULSI, Auteur . - 101651.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 78 (October 2020) . - 101651
Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder breastfeeding Lebanon case-control Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in Lebanon are rising whereas breastfeeding is declining. This case-control study investigates the association between breastfeeding and ASD. Methods Children below 36 months recently diagnosed with ASD were matched to healthy controls by gender and gestational age. The association between ASD and breastfeeding was investigated in univariate and multivariate conditional logistic regression analyses, adjusting for the confounding effects of socio-demographic, pregnancy, and birth variables; parental characteristics, and family history. Results Cases (n?=?46) were older than controls (n?=?184), mean (SD) 31.6 (4.9) versus 25.5 (5.6) months, (p?0.001). ASD was associated with lack of exclusive breastfeeding in univariate (OR?=?0.37, 95% CI: 0.19 to 0.72) and multivariate regression analyses (OR?=?0.37, 95% CI: 0.16 to 0.88). There were no significant associations between ASD and the durations of exclusive breastfeeding or any breastfeeding. Other independent predictors of ASD in the adjusted analysis were the lack of intake of prenatal vitamins, advanced paternal age, lower paternal education, higher intake of drugs prenatally, and family history of ASD. Conclusions This study provides further evidence on the protective effect of exclusive breastfeeding against ASD. Future studies may help determine whether advising pregnant women to exclusively breastfeed their infants would reduce ASD, especially those at high risk for ASD such as those with a family history of ASD. Further research to understand the physiological basis of the protective effects of breastfeeding is essential, as well as studies that target the optimal duration of exclusive breastfeeding that can protect from ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2020.101651 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=433