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Polygenic scores for schizophrenia and educational attainment are associated with behavioural problems in early childhood in the general population / Philip R. JANSEN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 59-1 (January 2018)
[article]
Titre : Polygenic scores for schizophrenia and educational attainment are associated with behavioural problems in early childhood in the general population Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Philip R. JANSEN, Auteur ; Tinca J. C. POLDERMAN, Auteur ; Koen BOLHUIS, Auteur ; Jan VAN DER ENDE, Auteur ; Vincent W.V. JADDOE, Auteur ; Frank C. VERHULST, Auteur ; Tonya WHITE, Auteur ; Daniëlle POSTHUMA, Auteur ; Henning TIEMEIER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.39-47 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Polygenic scores psychiatric disorders educational attainment childhood behaviour Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Genome-wide association studies in adults have identified numerous genetic variants related to psychiatric disorders and related traits, such as schizophrenia and educational attainment. However, the effects of these genetic variants on behaviour in the general population remain to be fully understood, particularly in younger populations. We investigated whether polygenic scores of five psychiatric disorders and educational attainment are related to emotional and behaviour problems during early childhood. Methods From the Generation R Study, we included participants with available genotype data and behavioural problems measured with the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) at the age of 3 (n = 1,902), 6 (n = 2,202) and 10 years old (n = 1,843). Polygenic scores were calculated for five psychiatric disorders and educational attainment. These polygenic scores were tested for an association with the broadband internalizing and externalizing problem scales and the specific CBCL syndrome scale scores. Results Analysis of the CBCL broadband scales showed that the schizophrenia polygenic score was associated with significantly higher internalizing scores at 3, 6 and 10 years and higher externalizing scores at age 3 and 6. The educational attainment polygenic score was associated with lower externalizing scores at all time points and lower internalizing scores at age 3. No associations were observed for the polygenic scores of bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder and autism spectrum disorder. Secondary analyses of specific syndrome scores showed that the schizophrenia polygenic score was strongly related to the Thought Problems scores. A negative association was observed between the educational attainment polygenic score and Attention Problems scores across all age groups. Conclusions Polygenic scores for adult psychiatric disorders and educational attainment are associated with variation in emotional and behavioural problems already at a very early age. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12759 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=327
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 59-1 (January 2018) . - p.39-47[article] Polygenic scores for schizophrenia and educational attainment are associated with behavioural problems in early childhood in the general population [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Philip R. JANSEN, Auteur ; Tinca J. C. POLDERMAN, Auteur ; Koen BOLHUIS, Auteur ; Jan VAN DER ENDE, Auteur ; Vincent W.V. JADDOE, Auteur ; Frank C. VERHULST, Auteur ; Tonya WHITE, Auteur ; Daniëlle POSTHUMA, Auteur ; Henning TIEMEIER, Auteur . - p.39-47.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 59-1 (January 2018) . - p.39-47
Mots-clés : Polygenic scores psychiatric disorders educational attainment childhood behaviour Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Genome-wide association studies in adults have identified numerous genetic variants related to psychiatric disorders and related traits, such as schizophrenia and educational attainment. However, the effects of these genetic variants on behaviour in the general population remain to be fully understood, particularly in younger populations. We investigated whether polygenic scores of five psychiatric disorders and educational attainment are related to emotional and behaviour problems during early childhood. Methods From the Generation R Study, we included participants with available genotype data and behavioural problems measured with the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) at the age of 3 (n = 1,902), 6 (n = 2,202) and 10 years old (n = 1,843). Polygenic scores were calculated for five psychiatric disorders and educational attainment. These polygenic scores were tested for an association with the broadband internalizing and externalizing problem scales and the specific CBCL syndrome scale scores. Results Analysis of the CBCL broadband scales showed that the schizophrenia polygenic score was associated with significantly higher internalizing scores at 3, 6 and 10 years and higher externalizing scores at age 3 and 6. The educational attainment polygenic score was associated with lower externalizing scores at all time points and lower internalizing scores at age 3. No associations were observed for the polygenic scores of bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder and autism spectrum disorder. Secondary analyses of specific syndrome scores showed that the schizophrenia polygenic score was strongly related to the Thought Problems scores. A negative association was observed between the educational attainment polygenic score and Attention Problems scores across all age groups. Conclusions Polygenic scores for adult psychiatric disorders and educational attainment are associated with variation in emotional and behavioural problems already at a very early age. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12759 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=327 Approaches for strengthening causal inference regarding prenatal risk factors for childhood behavioural and psychiatric disorders / Sarah J. LEWIS in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54-10 (October 2013)
[article]
Titre : Approaches for strengthening causal inference regarding prenatal risk factors for childhood behavioural and psychiatric disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sarah J. LEWIS, Auteur ; Caroline RELTON, Auteur ; Stanley ZAMMIT, Auteur ; George DAVEY SMITH, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1095-1108 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Mendelian randomisation causal inference childhood behaviour psychiatric disorders instrumental variable analysis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background The risk of childhood behavioural and psychiatric diseases could be substantially reduced if modifiable risk factors for these disorders were identified. The critical period for many of these exposures is likely to be in utero as this is the time when brain development is most rapid. However, due to confounding and other limitations of traditional epidemiological studies, identification of causal risk factors has proved challenging and on the whole research in this area has not been fruitful. Scope In this review, we highlight several alternative approaches including; comparisons across settings, the use of negative controls and natural experiments, which includes migration studies, studies of individuals conceived using in vitro fertilisation and not least Mendelian randomisation. We have illustrated these approaches using examples of behavioural and psychiatric disorders. Conclusion By having these approaches outlined together in one review, researchers can consider which of these methods would be most suitable for their study question. We have particularly focussed on Mendelian randomisation, as this is a relatively novel concept, in doing so, we have illustrated the concept and discused the implementation and the limitations of this approach. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12127 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=212
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-10 (October 2013) . - p.1095-1108[article] Approaches for strengthening causal inference regarding prenatal risk factors for childhood behavioural and psychiatric disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sarah J. LEWIS, Auteur ; Caroline RELTON, Auteur ; Stanley ZAMMIT, Auteur ; George DAVEY SMITH, Auteur . - p.1095-1108.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-10 (October 2013) . - p.1095-1108
Mots-clés : Mendelian randomisation causal inference childhood behaviour psychiatric disorders instrumental variable analysis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background The risk of childhood behavioural and psychiatric diseases could be substantially reduced if modifiable risk factors for these disorders were identified. The critical period for many of these exposures is likely to be in utero as this is the time when brain development is most rapid. However, due to confounding and other limitations of traditional epidemiological studies, identification of causal risk factors has proved challenging and on the whole research in this area has not been fruitful. Scope In this review, we highlight several alternative approaches including; comparisons across settings, the use of negative controls and natural experiments, which includes migration studies, studies of individuals conceived using in vitro fertilisation and not least Mendelian randomisation. We have illustrated these approaches using examples of behavioural and psychiatric disorders. Conclusion By having these approaches outlined together in one review, researchers can consider which of these methods would be most suitable for their study question. We have particularly focussed on Mendelian randomisation, as this is a relatively novel concept, in doing so, we have illustrated the concept and discused the implementation and the limitations of this approach. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12127 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=212