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Memory in ASD: have we been barking up the wrong tree? / Jill BOUCHER in Autism, 16-6 (November 2012)
[article]
Titre : Memory in ASD: have we been barking up the wrong tree? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jill BOUCHER, Auteur ; Andrew MAYES, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : p.603-611 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder memory hippocampus prefrontal cortex parietal cortex default network Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : In this theoretical note, possible neural causes of episodic memory impairment in individuals with ASD and currently normal intellectual and linguistic function are considered. The neural causes most commonly argued for are hippocampal or prefrontal cortex dysfunction, associated with impaired neural connectivity. It is argued here that a hippocampal dysfunction hypothesis is weakened by differences in cued recall and paired associate learning in individuals with ASD compared with individuals with developmental or acquired hippocampus-related amnesia, and that recent findings on patients with posterior parietal lesions (PPC) offer a better fit with the dissociation between free and cued recall observed in ASD. The PPC forms part of the default system subserving mindreading, among other functions, and an association between PPC dysfunction and memory impairment in ASD is consistent with recent suggestions that neural disconnectivity within the default system underlies behaviours diagnostic of ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361311417738 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=184
in Autism > 16-6 (November 2012) . - p.603-611[article] Memory in ASD: have we been barking up the wrong tree? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jill BOUCHER, Auteur ; Andrew MAYES, Auteur . - 2012 . - p.603-611.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism > 16-6 (November 2012) . - p.603-611
Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder memory hippocampus prefrontal cortex parietal cortex default network Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : In this theoretical note, possible neural causes of episodic memory impairment in individuals with ASD and currently normal intellectual and linguistic function are considered. The neural causes most commonly argued for are hippocampal or prefrontal cortex dysfunction, associated with impaired neural connectivity. It is argued here that a hippocampal dysfunction hypothesis is weakened by differences in cued recall and paired associate learning in individuals with ASD compared with individuals with developmental or acquired hippocampus-related amnesia, and that recent findings on patients with posterior parietal lesions (PPC) offer a better fit with the dissociation between free and cued recall observed in ASD. The PPC forms part of the default system subserving mindreading, among other functions, and an association between PPC dysfunction and memory impairment in ASD is consistent with recent suggestions that neural disconnectivity within the default system underlies behaviours diagnostic of ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361311417738 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=184 Is reaction time variability in ADHD mainly at low frequencies? / Sarah L. KARALUNAS in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54-5 (May 2013)
[article]
Titre : Is reaction time variability in ADHD mainly at low frequencies? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sarah L. KARALUNAS, Auteur ; Cynthia L. HUANG-POLLOCK, Auteur ; Joel T. NIGG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.536-544 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ADHD intraindividual variability reaction time variability default network Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Intraindividual variability in reaction times (RT variability) has garnered increasing interest as an indicator of cognitive and neurobiological dysfunction in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Recent theory and research has emphasized specific low-frequency patterns of RT variability. However, whether group differences are specific to low frequencies is not well examined. Method: Two studies are presented. The first is a quantitative review of seven previously published studies that have examined patterns of RT variability in ADHD. The second provides new data from a substantially larger sample of children than in prior studies (NControl = 42; NADHD = 123). The children completed a choice RT task as part of a traditional go/stop task. Fast-Fourier transform analyses were applied to assess patterns of variability. Results: Quantitative review of previous studies indicated that children with ADHD demonstrate more low-frequency variability than non-ADHD controls (Hedge’s g = .39; 95% CI: .16–.62), but an equivalent excess variability in a faster frequency comparison band (g = .36; 95% CI: .03–.69), with a trivial and nonsignificant difference between ESs in each band. New data replicated results of the quantitative review with nearly identical effects in the low-frequency (g = .39; 95% CI: .05–.75) and faster frequency comparison bands (g = .40; 95% CI: .04–.74) and no evidence of diagnosis × frequency interaction (p = .954). Conclusions: Results suggest that theories of RT variability in ADHD that focus on low-frequency variability will need to be modified to account for the presence of variability at a broader range of frequencies. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12028 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=196
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-5 (May 2013) . - p.536-544[article] Is reaction time variability in ADHD mainly at low frequencies? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sarah L. KARALUNAS, Auteur ; Cynthia L. HUANG-POLLOCK, Auteur ; Joel T. NIGG, Auteur . - p.536-544.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-5 (May 2013) . - p.536-544
Mots-clés : ADHD intraindividual variability reaction time variability default network Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Intraindividual variability in reaction times (RT variability) has garnered increasing interest as an indicator of cognitive and neurobiological dysfunction in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Recent theory and research has emphasized specific low-frequency patterns of RT variability. However, whether group differences are specific to low frequencies is not well examined. Method: Two studies are presented. The first is a quantitative review of seven previously published studies that have examined patterns of RT variability in ADHD. The second provides new data from a substantially larger sample of children than in prior studies (NControl = 42; NADHD = 123). The children completed a choice RT task as part of a traditional go/stop task. Fast-Fourier transform analyses were applied to assess patterns of variability. Results: Quantitative review of previous studies indicated that children with ADHD demonstrate more low-frequency variability than non-ADHD controls (Hedge’s g = .39; 95% CI: .16–.62), but an equivalent excess variability in a faster frequency comparison band (g = .36; 95% CI: .03–.69), with a trivial and nonsignificant difference between ESs in each band. New data replicated results of the quantitative review with nearly identical effects in the low-frequency (g = .39; 95% CI: .05–.75) and faster frequency comparison bands (g = .40; 95% CI: .04–.74) and no evidence of diagnosis × frequency interaction (p = .954). Conclusions: Results suggest that theories of RT variability in ADHD that focus on low-frequency variability will need to be modified to account for the presence of variability at a broader range of frequencies. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12028 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=196