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Autism and employment: What works / Susan M. HAYWARD in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 60 (April 2019)
[article]
Titre : Autism and employment: What works Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Susan M. HAYWARD, Auteur ; Keith R. MCVILLY, Auteur ; Mark A. STOKES, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.48-58 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ASD Diversity Human resources Inclusion Sustainability Women Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Introduction People with autism have been identified as having a substantial contribution to make in the technology sector. Their intellectual abilities coupled with their focus and attention to detail have been recognized as desirable traits making them highly productive. However, these individuals report difficulties in employment, and there is a paucity of literature concerning the factors that attract and retain them; particularly from their viewpoint. Method Data was collected from 76 adults; 44 with autism and 32 neuro-typical (NT; i.e., adults without autism). Data were analysed using inductive thematic analysis in which the major themes of: work relationships, and environment; as well as person-organization fit, diversity climate, and bargaining emerged. Quantitative analysis then determined if these themes were more/less likely to be reported by individuals with autism. Results Those with autism (vs NT individuals) were more likely to indicate enablers, or reasons for occupational longevity consistent with collegial understanding, the physical occupational environment, and circumstances that limited contact with others. Conclusions The results reflect what is known clinically about Autism Spectrum Disorder, and are consistent with Conservation of Resources and Social Exchange theories. It was concluded that vocational assistance for individuals with autism requires intervention at both individual and organizational levels. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2019.01.006 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=387
in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 60 (April 2019) . - p.48-58[article] Autism and employment: What works [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Susan M. HAYWARD, Auteur ; Keith R. MCVILLY, Auteur ; Mark A. STOKES, Auteur . - p.48-58.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 60 (April 2019) . - p.48-58
Mots-clés : ASD Diversity Human resources Inclusion Sustainability Women Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Introduction People with autism have been identified as having a substantial contribution to make in the technology sector. Their intellectual abilities coupled with their focus and attention to detail have been recognized as desirable traits making them highly productive. However, these individuals report difficulties in employment, and there is a paucity of literature concerning the factors that attract and retain them; particularly from their viewpoint. Method Data was collected from 76 adults; 44 with autism and 32 neuro-typical (NT; i.e., adults without autism). Data were analysed using inductive thematic analysis in which the major themes of: work relationships, and environment; as well as person-organization fit, diversity climate, and bargaining emerged. Quantitative analysis then determined if these themes were more/less likely to be reported by individuals with autism. Results Those with autism (vs NT individuals) were more likely to indicate enablers, or reasons for occupational longevity consistent with collegial understanding, the physical occupational environment, and circumstances that limited contact with others. Conclusions The results reflect what is known clinically about Autism Spectrum Disorder, and are consistent with Conservation of Resources and Social Exchange theories. It was concluded that vocational assistance for individuals with autism requires intervention at both individual and organizational levels. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2019.01.006 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=387 Editorial: Let's talk about sex – the gender binary revisited / Albertine J. OLDEHINKEL in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58-8 (August 2017)
[article]
Titre : Editorial: Let's talk about sex – the gender binary revisited Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Albertine J. OLDEHINKEL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.863-864 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Sex differences gender sex binary diversity causal mechanisms Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Sex refers to biological differences and gender to socioculturally delineated masculine and feminine roles. Sex or gender are included as a covariate or effect modifier in the majority of child psychology and psychiatry studies, and differences found between boys and girls have inspired many researchers to postulate underlying mechanisms. Empirical tests of whether including these proposed explanatory variables actually reduces the variance explained by gender are lagging behind somewhat. That is a pity, because a lot can be gained from a greater focus on the active agents of specific gender differences. As opposed to biological sex as such, some of the processes explaining why a specific outcome shows gender differences may be changeable and so possible prevention targets. Moreover, while the sex binary may be reasonable adequate as a classification variable, the gender binary is far from perfect. Gender is a multidimensional, partly context-dependent factor, and the dichotomy generally used in research does not do justice to the diversity existing within boys and girls. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12777 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=316
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-8 (August 2017) . - p.863-864[article] Editorial: Let's talk about sex – the gender binary revisited [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Albertine J. OLDEHINKEL, Auteur . - p.863-864.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-8 (August 2017) . - p.863-864
Mots-clés : Sex differences gender sex binary diversity causal mechanisms Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Sex refers to biological differences and gender to socioculturally delineated masculine and feminine roles. Sex or gender are included as a covariate or effect modifier in the majority of child psychology and psychiatry studies, and differences found between boys and girls have inspired many researchers to postulate underlying mechanisms. Empirical tests of whether including these proposed explanatory variables actually reduces the variance explained by gender are lagging behind somewhat. That is a pity, because a lot can be gained from a greater focus on the active agents of specific gender differences. As opposed to biological sex as such, some of the processes explaining why a specific outcome shows gender differences may be changeable and so possible prevention targets. Moreover, while the sex binary may be reasonable adequate as a classification variable, the gender binary is far from perfect. Gender is a multidimensional, partly context-dependent factor, and the dichotomy generally used in research does not do justice to the diversity existing within boys and girls. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12777 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=316 Non-autistic employees' perspectives on the implementation of an autism employment programme / J. R. SPOOR in Autism, 25-8 (November 2021)
[article]
Titre : Non-autistic employees' perspectives on the implementation of an autism employment programme Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : J. R. SPOOR, Auteur ; Simon M. BURY, Auteur ; D. HEDLEY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2177-2188 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Achievement Autism Spectrum Disorder Autistic Disorder Employment Humans Workplace autism employment autistic adults disability diversity intergroup relations Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We asked 32 employees who work alongside autistic trainees for their thoughts about the autism employment programme that is running in their company. Specifically, we analysed their responses to understand how the employees perceived the autism employment programme's implementation and outcomes. How employees within an organisation view diversity, and the nature of specific programmes to increase the inclusion of certain groups of individuals (e.g. autistic employees) in their organisation, can impact the success of these programmes. Research in other organisations has suggested that diversity perspectives that fully support the inclusion of people with diverse backgrounds in the organisation lead to better outcomes. Thematic analysis of the responses in this study revealed that the views of the employees fit three main themes: programme benefits, programme challenges and concerns about workforce integration. The programme benefits theme suggested that the autism employment programme was viewed positively. However, negative attitudes and perceptions of special treatment contributed to programme challenges, which were similar to challenges that have been observed with other disability and diversity programmes. The design of this specific programme led to concerns about workforce integration, such as reduced opportunity for social and work integration into the broader workplace. This research extends the research on diversity management in the context of autism employment, and it provides practical understanding into ways in which organisational-based autism employment programmes are more and less successful. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613211012880 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=451
in Autism > 25-8 (November 2021) . - p.2177-2188[article] Non-autistic employees' perspectives on the implementation of an autism employment programme [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / J. R. SPOOR, Auteur ; Simon M. BURY, Auteur ; D. HEDLEY, Auteur . - p.2177-2188.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism > 25-8 (November 2021) . - p.2177-2188
Mots-clés : Achievement Autism Spectrum Disorder Autistic Disorder Employment Humans Workplace autism employment autistic adults disability diversity intergroup relations Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We asked 32 employees who work alongside autistic trainees for their thoughts about the autism employment programme that is running in their company. Specifically, we analysed their responses to understand how the employees perceived the autism employment programme's implementation and outcomes. How employees within an organisation view diversity, and the nature of specific programmes to increase the inclusion of certain groups of individuals (e.g. autistic employees) in their organisation, can impact the success of these programmes. Research in other organisations has suggested that diversity perspectives that fully support the inclusion of people with diverse backgrounds in the organisation lead to better outcomes. Thematic analysis of the responses in this study revealed that the views of the employees fit three main themes: programme benefits, programme challenges and concerns about workforce integration. The programme benefits theme suggested that the autism employment programme was viewed positively. However, negative attitudes and perceptions of special treatment contributed to programme challenges, which were similar to challenges that have been observed with other disability and diversity programmes. The design of this specific programme led to concerns about workforce integration, such as reduced opportunity for social and work integration into the broader workplace. This research extends the research on diversity management in the context of autism employment, and it provides practical understanding into ways in which organisational-based autism employment programmes are more and less successful. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613211012880 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=451 A systematic review of cultural considerations and adaptation of social skills interventions for individuals with autism spectrum disorder / Mattina DAVENPORT in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 52 (August 2018)
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Titre : A systematic review of cultural considerations and adaptation of social skills interventions for individuals with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Mattina DAVENPORT, Auteur ; Micah MAZUREK, Auteur ; Alaysia BROWN, Auteur ; Elizabeth MCCOLLOM, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.23-33 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Culture Social Intervention Diversity Adaptation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background There is an increasing need for culturally competent interventions for individuals with ASD. Given the dynamic relationship between culture and social behavior, the effectiveness of social skills interventions may be particularly influenced by the degree to which they are culturally appropriate. The extent to which ASD social skills intervention research has considered the role of culture (either through including diverse samples or by implementing cultural adaptations) is not well understood. Method The current study is a systematic review of social skills intervention studies for individuals with ASD. The aims of the current review were to evaluate the extent to which studies have included diverse samples, and the extent to which cultural adaptations have been made to social skills interventions. Results Sixty-two percent of studies published since 2010 reported the race, ethnicity, or nationality of participants. Minority populations were notably underrepresented in studies conducted in the United States. Only five studies incorporated cultural adaptations to social skills interventions, and these studies included both surface and deep structure adaptations for diverse populations. Conclusion Greater diversity is needed in studies of social skills interventions for children and adolescents with ASD. Although a few studies highlighted the feasibility of incorporating cultural adaptation strategies for ASD interventions, future research is needed to examine the extent to which cultural adaptations enhance the effectiveness of social skills interventions in this population. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2018.05.003 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=368
in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 52 (August 2018) . - p.23-33[article] A systematic review of cultural considerations and adaptation of social skills interventions for individuals with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Mattina DAVENPORT, Auteur ; Micah MAZUREK, Auteur ; Alaysia BROWN, Auteur ; Elizabeth MCCOLLOM, Auteur . - p.23-33.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 52 (August 2018) . - p.23-33
Mots-clés : Autism Culture Social Intervention Diversity Adaptation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background There is an increasing need for culturally competent interventions for individuals with ASD. Given the dynamic relationship between culture and social behavior, the effectiveness of social skills interventions may be particularly influenced by the degree to which they are culturally appropriate. The extent to which ASD social skills intervention research has considered the role of culture (either through including diverse samples or by implementing cultural adaptations) is not well understood. Method The current study is a systematic review of social skills intervention studies for individuals with ASD. The aims of the current review were to evaluate the extent to which studies have included diverse samples, and the extent to which cultural adaptations have been made to social skills interventions. Results Sixty-two percent of studies published since 2010 reported the race, ethnicity, or nationality of participants. Minority populations were notably underrepresented in studies conducted in the United States. Only five studies incorporated cultural adaptations to social skills interventions, and these studies included both surface and deep structure adaptations for diverse populations. Conclusion Greater diversity is needed in studies of social skills interventions for children and adolescents with ASD. Although a few studies highlighted the feasibility of incorporating cultural adaptation strategies for ASD interventions, future research is needed to examine the extent to which cultural adaptations enhance the effectiveness of social skills interventions in this population. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2018.05.003 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=368 Autism presentation in female and Black populations: Examining the roles of identity, theory, and systemic inequalities / Maire Claire DIEMER in Autism, 26-8 (November 2022)
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Titre : Autism presentation in female and Black populations: Examining the roles of identity, theory, and systemic inequalities Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Maire Claire DIEMER, Auteur ; Emily D. GERSTEIN, Auteur ; April REGESTER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1931-1946 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Child Humans United States Female Child, Preschool Autistic Disorder/diagnosis Autism Spectrum Disorder/epidemiology Intellectual Disability Ethnicity Racial Groups African American autism spectrum disorders diagnosis diversity gender health disparity intellectual disability intersectional race systemic inequality Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Although the prevalence of autism has been rising in recent years, disparities in diagnosis still remain. Female and Black populations in the United States are diagnosed later, are more likely to have an intellectual disability, and are excluded from research as well as services designed for autistic individuals. Autistic Black girls are effectively invisible in the current scientific literature. Intersectional theory, which looks at a person as a whole, examines models that are inclusive toward diverse gender, ability, and racial/ethnic backgrounds. This theory may be a useful approach to clinical and research work with autism so that practitioners may be most effective for the whole population of autistic people. The authors recommend research focusing on inclusion of autistic populations with intellectual disability and research studies that include evaluations as part of the procedure. Clinically, the authors recommend a focus on screening all young children for autism and improving provider knowledge in working with diverse autistic populations. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613221113501 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=488
in Autism > 26-8 (November 2022) . - p.1931-1946[article] Autism presentation in female and Black populations: Examining the roles of identity, theory, and systemic inequalities [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Maire Claire DIEMER, Auteur ; Emily D. GERSTEIN, Auteur ; April REGESTER, Auteur . - p.1931-1946.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism > 26-8 (November 2022) . - p.1931-1946
Mots-clés : Child Humans United States Female Child, Preschool Autistic Disorder/diagnosis Autism Spectrum Disorder/epidemiology Intellectual Disability Ethnicity Racial Groups African American autism spectrum disorders diagnosis diversity gender health disparity intellectual disability intersectional race systemic inequality Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Although the prevalence of autism has been rising in recent years, disparities in diagnosis still remain. Female and Black populations in the United States are diagnosed later, are more likely to have an intellectual disability, and are excluded from research as well as services designed for autistic individuals. Autistic Black girls are effectively invisible in the current scientific literature. Intersectional theory, which looks at a person as a whole, examines models that are inclusive toward diverse gender, ability, and racial/ethnic backgrounds. This theory may be a useful approach to clinical and research work with autism so that practitioners may be most effective for the whole population of autistic people. The authors recommend research focusing on inclusion of autistic populations with intellectual disability and research studies that include evaluations as part of the procedure. Clinically, the authors recommend a focus on screening all young children for autism and improving provider knowledge in working with diverse autistic populations. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613221113501 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=488 Inclusion of racially and ethnically diverse populations in ASD intervention research / Bryn HARRIS in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 73 (May 2019)
PermalinkThe Double ABCX Model of Adaptation in Racially Diverse Families with a School-Age Child with Autism / Margaret M. MANNING in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 41-3 (March 2011)
PermalinkUnderstanding the Linguistic Needs of Diverse Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Some Comments on the Research Literature and Suggestions for Clinicians / N. LIM in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 48-8 (August 2018)
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