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Early life stress, cortisol, frontolimbic connectivity, and depressive symptoms during puberty / Katharina KIRCANSKI in Development and Psychopathology, 31-3 (August 2019)
[article]
Titre : Early life stress, cortisol, frontolimbic connectivity, and depressive symptoms during puberty Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Katharina KIRCANSKI, Auteur ; Lucinda M. SISK, Auteur ; Tiffany C. HO, Auteur ; Kathryn L. HUMPHREYS, Auteur ; Lucy S. KING, Auteur ; Natalie L. COLICH, Auteur ; Sarah J. ORDAZ, Auteur ; Ian H. GOTLIB, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1011-1022 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : cortisol depression diffusion tensor imaging emotion dysregulation early life stress puberty Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Early life stress (ELS) is a risk factor for the development of depression in adolescence; the mediating neurobiological mechanisms, however, are unknown. In this study, we examined in early pubertal youth the associations among ELS, cortisol stress responsivity, and white matter microstructure of the uncinate fasciculus and the fornix, two key frontolimbic tracts; we also tested whether and how these variables predicted depressive symptoms in later puberty. A total of 208 participants (117 females; M age = 11.37 years; M Tanner stage = 2.03) provided data across two or more assessment modalities: ELS; salivary cortisol levels during a psychosocial stress task; diffusion magnetic resonance imaging; and depressive symptoms. In early puberty there were significant associations between higher ELS and decreased cortisol production, and between decreased cortisol production and increased fractional anisotropy in the uncinate fasciculus. Further, increased fractional anisotropy in the uncinate fasciculus predicted higher depressive symptoms in later puberty, above and beyond earlier symptoms. In post hoc analyses, we found that sex moderated several additional associations. We discuss these findings within a broader conceptual model linking ELS, emotion dysregulation, and depression across the transition through puberty, and contend that brain circuits implicated in the control of hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis function should be a focus of continued research. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579419000555 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=403
in Development and Psychopathology > 31-3 (August 2019) . - p.1011-1022[article] Early life stress, cortisol, frontolimbic connectivity, and depressive symptoms during puberty [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Katharina KIRCANSKI, Auteur ; Lucinda M. SISK, Auteur ; Tiffany C. HO, Auteur ; Kathryn L. HUMPHREYS, Auteur ; Lucy S. KING, Auteur ; Natalie L. COLICH, Auteur ; Sarah J. ORDAZ, Auteur ; Ian H. GOTLIB, Auteur . - p.1011-1022.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Development and Psychopathology > 31-3 (August 2019) . - p.1011-1022
Mots-clés : cortisol depression diffusion tensor imaging emotion dysregulation early life stress puberty Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Early life stress (ELS) is a risk factor for the development of depression in adolescence; the mediating neurobiological mechanisms, however, are unknown. In this study, we examined in early pubertal youth the associations among ELS, cortisol stress responsivity, and white matter microstructure of the uncinate fasciculus and the fornix, two key frontolimbic tracts; we also tested whether and how these variables predicted depressive symptoms in later puberty. A total of 208 participants (117 females; M age = 11.37 years; M Tanner stage = 2.03) provided data across two or more assessment modalities: ELS; salivary cortisol levels during a psychosocial stress task; diffusion magnetic resonance imaging; and depressive symptoms. In early puberty there were significant associations between higher ELS and decreased cortisol production, and between decreased cortisol production and increased fractional anisotropy in the uncinate fasciculus. Further, increased fractional anisotropy in the uncinate fasciculus predicted higher depressive symptoms in later puberty, above and beyond earlier symptoms. In post hoc analyses, we found that sex moderated several additional associations. We discuss these findings within a broader conceptual model linking ELS, emotion dysregulation, and depression across the transition through puberty, and contend that brain circuits implicated in the control of hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis function should be a focus of continued research. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579419000555 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=403 Early life stress is associated with reduced avoidance of threatening facial expressions / Elizabeth J. KIRKHAM in Development and Psychopathology, 32-3 (August 2020)
[article]
Titre : Early life stress is associated with reduced avoidance of threatening facial expressions Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Elizabeth J. KIRKHAM, Auteur ; Liat LEVITA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1059-1067 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : anger approach avoidance early life stress emotional facial expressions Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Early neglect or maltreatment has been associated with changes in children's processing of emotional facial expressions, including a hypersensitivity to the emotion of anger. This may facilitate the avoidance of danger in a maltreating environment. However, few studies have examined whether experiences of early life stress (ELS) are associated with atypical avoidance responses towards emotional facial expressions, or whether the effects of ELS can be observed in adult participants. The present study therefore examined the effects of ELS on adults' approach-avoidance tendencies towards angry, happy, and neutral facial expressions. Surprisingly, higher levels of ELS were associated with reduced avoidance of angry facial expressions among individuals with no evidence of mental illness. In contrast, there was no evidence of a relationship between ELS and avoidance of angry facial expressions among individuals with experience of mental illness. These novel findings suggest that ELS-related changes in social cognition can be observed years after the ELS itself occurred. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095457941900110x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=429
in Development and Psychopathology > 32-3 (August 2020) . - p.1059-1067[article] Early life stress is associated with reduced avoidance of threatening facial expressions [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Elizabeth J. KIRKHAM, Auteur ; Liat LEVITA, Auteur . - p.1059-1067.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Development and Psychopathology > 32-3 (August 2020) . - p.1059-1067
Mots-clés : anger approach avoidance early life stress emotional facial expressions Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Early neglect or maltreatment has been associated with changes in children's processing of emotional facial expressions, including a hypersensitivity to the emotion of anger. This may facilitate the avoidance of danger in a maltreating environment. However, few studies have examined whether experiences of early life stress (ELS) are associated with atypical avoidance responses towards emotional facial expressions, or whether the effects of ELS can be observed in adult participants. The present study therefore examined the effects of ELS on adults' approach-avoidance tendencies towards angry, happy, and neutral facial expressions. Surprisingly, higher levels of ELS were associated with reduced avoidance of angry facial expressions among individuals with no evidence of mental illness. In contrast, there was no evidence of a relationship between ELS and avoidance of angry facial expressions among individuals with experience of mental illness. These novel findings suggest that ELS-related changes in social cognition can be observed years after the ELS itself occurred. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095457941900110x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=429 Attentional avoidance of fearful facial expressions following early life stress is associated with impaired social functioning / Kathryn L. HUMPHREYS in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 57-10 (October 2016)
[article]
Titre : Attentional avoidance of fearful facial expressions following early life stress is associated with impaired social functioning Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Kathryn L. HUMPHREYS, Auteur ; Katharina KIRCANSKI, Auteur ; Natalie L. COLICH, Auteur ; Ian H. GOTLIB, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1174-1182 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Early life stress attentional bias fearful faces social problems Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Early life stress is associated with poorer social functioning. Attentional biases in response to threat-related cues, linked to both early experience and psychopathology, may explain this association. To date, however, no study has examined attentional biases to fearful facial expressions as a function of early life stress or examined these biases as a potential mediator of the relation between early life stress and social problems. Methods In a sample of 154 children (ages 9–13 years) we examined the associations among interpersonal early life stressors (i.e., birth through age 6 years), attentional biases to emotional facial expressions using a dot-probe task, and social functioning on the Child Behavior Checklist. Results High levels of early life stress were associated with both greater levels of social problems and an attentional bias away from fearful facial expressions, even after accounting for stressors occurring in later childhood. No biases were found for happy or sad facial expressions as a function of early life stress. Finally, attentional biases to fearful faces mediated the association between early life stress and social problems. Conclusions Attentional avoidance of fearful facial expressions, evidenced by a bias away from these stimuli, may be a developmental response to early adversity and link the experience of early life stress to poorer social functioning. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12607 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=295
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-10 (October 2016) . - p.1174-1182[article] Attentional avoidance of fearful facial expressions following early life stress is associated with impaired social functioning [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Kathryn L. HUMPHREYS, Auteur ; Katharina KIRCANSKI, Auteur ; Natalie L. COLICH, Auteur ; Ian H. GOTLIB, Auteur . - p.1174-1182.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-10 (October 2016) . - p.1174-1182
Mots-clés : Early life stress attentional bias fearful faces social problems Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Early life stress is associated with poorer social functioning. Attentional biases in response to threat-related cues, linked to both early experience and psychopathology, may explain this association. To date, however, no study has examined attentional biases to fearful facial expressions as a function of early life stress or examined these biases as a potential mediator of the relation between early life stress and social problems. Methods In a sample of 154 children (ages 9–13 years) we examined the associations among interpersonal early life stressors (i.e., birth through age 6 years), attentional biases to emotional facial expressions using a dot-probe task, and social functioning on the Child Behavior Checklist. Results High levels of early life stress were associated with both greater levels of social problems and an attentional bias away from fearful facial expressions, even after accounting for stressors occurring in later childhood. No biases were found for happy or sad facial expressions as a function of early life stress. Finally, attentional biases to fearful faces mediated the association between early life stress and social problems. Conclusions Attentional avoidance of fearful facial expressions, evidenced by a bias away from these stimuli, may be a developmental response to early adversity and link the experience of early life stress to poorer social functioning. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12607 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=295 Methylation of the glucocorticoid receptor promoter in children: Links with parents as teachers, early life stress, and behavior problems / Elena Silvia GARDINI in Development and Psychopathology, 34-3 (August 2022)
[article]
Titre : Methylation of the glucocorticoid receptor promoter in children: Links with parents as teachers, early life stress, and behavior problems Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Elena Silvia GARDINI, Auteur ; Simone SCHAUB, Auteur ; Alex NEUHAUSER, Auteur ; Erich RAMSEIER, Auteur ; Arna VILLIGER, Auteur ; Ulrike EHLERT, Auteur ; Andrea LANFRANCHI, Auteur ; Gustavo TURECKI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.810-822 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : child behavior problems early life stress NR3C1 methylation Parents as Teachers social interventions Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The present study examined the effect of early life stress (ELS) on the glucocorticoid receptor gene (NR3C1) methylation, the associations between NR3C1 methylation and behavior problems, and the effect of the program Parents as Teachers (PAT) on NR3C1 methylation. Participants included 132 children, 72 assigned to the PAT intervention group and 60 to the PAT control group. Children were aged 3 years, and were living in psychosocially at-risk families. We assessed NR3C1 methylation of the NGFI-A binding regions of exon 1F via sodium bisulfite sequencing from saliva DNA. Results indicated that (a) children living in families receiving PAT had decreased methylation at one single cytosine “guanine dinucleotides (CpG) site; (b) current maternal depressive symptoms and parental disagreement were predictive of increased methylation of mean NGFI-A and three single CpG sites; and (c) increased methylation of mean NGFI-A and one single CpG site was significantly associated with increased internalizing and externalizing symptoms. In addition, mean NGFI-A was a mediator of the association between parental disagreement and a child's affective problems. These results suggest that PAT may contribute to preventing NR3C1 methylation in preschool children living in psychosocially at-risk situations, and confirm previous findings on the associations between ELS, NR3C1 methylation, and behavior problems. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579420001984 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=484
in Development and Psychopathology > 34-3 (August 2022) . - p.810-822[article] Methylation of the glucocorticoid receptor promoter in children: Links with parents as teachers, early life stress, and behavior problems [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Elena Silvia GARDINI, Auteur ; Simone SCHAUB, Auteur ; Alex NEUHAUSER, Auteur ; Erich RAMSEIER, Auteur ; Arna VILLIGER, Auteur ; Ulrike EHLERT, Auteur ; Andrea LANFRANCHI, Auteur ; Gustavo TURECKI, Auteur . - p.810-822.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Development and Psychopathology > 34-3 (August 2022) . - p.810-822
Mots-clés : child behavior problems early life stress NR3C1 methylation Parents as Teachers social interventions Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The present study examined the effect of early life stress (ELS) on the glucocorticoid receptor gene (NR3C1) methylation, the associations between NR3C1 methylation and behavior problems, and the effect of the program Parents as Teachers (PAT) on NR3C1 methylation. Participants included 132 children, 72 assigned to the PAT intervention group and 60 to the PAT control group. Children were aged 3 years, and were living in psychosocially at-risk families. We assessed NR3C1 methylation of the NGFI-A binding regions of exon 1F via sodium bisulfite sequencing from saliva DNA. Results indicated that (a) children living in families receiving PAT had decreased methylation at one single cytosine “guanine dinucleotides (CpG) site; (b) current maternal depressive symptoms and parental disagreement were predictive of increased methylation of mean NGFI-A and three single CpG sites; and (c) increased methylation of mean NGFI-A and one single CpG site was significantly associated with increased internalizing and externalizing symptoms. In addition, mean NGFI-A was a mediator of the association between parental disagreement and a child's affective problems. These results suggest that PAT may contribute to preventing NR3C1 methylation in preschool children living in psychosocially at-risk situations, and confirm previous findings on the associations between ELS, NR3C1 methylation, and behavior problems. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579420001984 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=484 Risk and resilience trajectories in war-exposed children across the first decade of life / Galit HALEVI in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 57-10 (October 2016)
[article]
Titre : Risk and resilience trajectories in war-exposed children across the first decade of life Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Galit HALEVI, Auteur ; Amir DJALOVSKI, Auteur ; Adva VENGROBER, Auteur ; Ruth FELDMAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1183-1193 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Trauma early life stress longitudinal studies social engagement childhood psychopathology Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Although the effects of early-onset trauma on susceptibility to psychopathology are well-acknowledged, no study to date has followed risk and resilience trajectories in war-exposed young children over lengthy periods and charted predictors of individual pathways. Method In this prospective longitudinal study, we followed 232 children, including 148 exposed to repeated wartime trauma and 84 controls, at three time points: early childhood (1.5–5 years), middle childhood (5–8 years), and late childhood (9–11 years). Children were diagnosed at each time point and four trajectories defined: children exhibiting no pathology at any time point, those displaying early pathology that later remitted, those showing initial resilience followed by late pathology, and children presenting chronic pathology across the entire first decade. Maternal behavioral containment during trauma evocation and child social engagement during free play were observed in early childhood and maternal emotional distress self-reported across time. Results War-exposed children showed significantly higher rates of psychopathology, with 81% exhibiting pathology at some point during childhood. In middle childhood, exposed children displayed more posttraumatic stress disorders (PTSD), anxiety disorders, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorders (ADHD), and in late childhood more PTSD, conduct/oppositional defiant disorders, and ADHD. War-exposed children had more comorbid psychopathologies and number of comorbidities increased with age. Notably, war-exposure increased prevalence of chronic pathology by 24-fold. Maternal factors, including mother's uncontained style and emotional distress, increased risk for early and chronic psychopathology, whereas reduced child social engagement augmented risk for late pathology. Conclusions Early-onset chronic stress does not heal naturally, and its effects appear to exacerbate over time, with trauma-exposed children presenting a more comorbid, chronic, and externalizing profile as they grow older. Our findings demonstrate that responses to trauma are dynamic and variable and pinpoint age-specific effects of maternal and child factors on risk and resilience trajectories. Results highlight the importance of conducting long-term follow-up studies and constructing individually tailored early interventions following trauma exposure. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12622 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=295
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-10 (October 2016) . - p.1183-1193[article] Risk and resilience trajectories in war-exposed children across the first decade of life [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Galit HALEVI, Auteur ; Amir DJALOVSKI, Auteur ; Adva VENGROBER, Auteur ; Ruth FELDMAN, Auteur . - p.1183-1193.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-10 (October 2016) . - p.1183-1193
Mots-clés : Trauma early life stress longitudinal studies social engagement childhood psychopathology Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Although the effects of early-onset trauma on susceptibility to psychopathology are well-acknowledged, no study to date has followed risk and resilience trajectories in war-exposed young children over lengthy periods and charted predictors of individual pathways. Method In this prospective longitudinal study, we followed 232 children, including 148 exposed to repeated wartime trauma and 84 controls, at three time points: early childhood (1.5–5 years), middle childhood (5–8 years), and late childhood (9–11 years). Children were diagnosed at each time point and four trajectories defined: children exhibiting no pathology at any time point, those displaying early pathology that later remitted, those showing initial resilience followed by late pathology, and children presenting chronic pathology across the entire first decade. Maternal behavioral containment during trauma evocation and child social engagement during free play were observed in early childhood and maternal emotional distress self-reported across time. Results War-exposed children showed significantly higher rates of psychopathology, with 81% exhibiting pathology at some point during childhood. In middle childhood, exposed children displayed more posttraumatic stress disorders (PTSD), anxiety disorders, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorders (ADHD), and in late childhood more PTSD, conduct/oppositional defiant disorders, and ADHD. War-exposed children had more comorbid psychopathologies and number of comorbidities increased with age. Notably, war-exposure increased prevalence of chronic pathology by 24-fold. Maternal factors, including mother's uncontained style and emotional distress, increased risk for early and chronic psychopathology, whereas reduced child social engagement augmented risk for late pathology. Conclusions Early-onset chronic stress does not heal naturally, and its effects appear to exacerbate over time, with trauma-exposed children presenting a more comorbid, chronic, and externalizing profile as they grow older. Our findings demonstrate that responses to trauma are dynamic and variable and pinpoint age-specific effects of maternal and child factors on risk and resilience trajectories. Results highlight the importance of conducting long-term follow-up studies and constructing individually tailored early interventions following trauma exposure. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12622 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=295 Editorial Perspective: Childhood maltreatment - the problematic unisex assumption / Jordon D. WHITE in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 61-6 (June 2020)
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