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Frontal lobe dysfunction underlies the differential word retrieval impairment in adolescents with high-functioning autism / M. K. YEUNG in Autism Research, 12-4 (April 2019)
[article]
Titre : Frontal lobe dysfunction underlies the differential word retrieval impairment in adolescents with high-functioning autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : M. K. YEUNG, Auteur ; T. L. LEE, Auteur ; A. S. CHAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.600-613 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adolescent autism spectrum disorder category fluency frontal lobe near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)/optical imaging word retrieval Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : There is substantial evidence of word retrieval impairment as indicated by poor performance on the category fluency test in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, little is known about the neural mechanisms underlying this impairment. Functional neuroimaging studies have shown that the lateral frontal cortex plays a key role in flexible word retrieval. Thus, we examined whether individuals with ASD exhibited altered frontal processing during the category fluency test using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Twenty-two adolescents with high-functioning ASD (20 males) and 22 typically developing (TD) adolescents (16 males) aged 11-18 years were recruited. All underwent a category fluency paradigm, which required production of animal or means of transportation words for 1 min each although their frontal hemodynamic changes were recorded with fNIRS. We found that adolescents with ASD produced fewer animal but not transportation words (group-by-category interaction: P = 0.003), suggesting differential word retrieval impairment. In addition, unlike TD adolescents who exhibited activation primarily in lateral frontal regions during word production, adolescents with ASD had comparable activation across lateral and medial frontal regions. More importantly, this lack of lateral-medial distinction of activation, which was associated with poor word retrieval, differed significantly between groups only in the animal category (group-by-category interaction: P = 0.018). Thus, our findings implicate frontal lobe dysfunction in the impairment of differential word retrieval in adolescents with ASD. The relatively greater involvement of the medial frontopolar cortex might reflect the use of nonspecialized brain regions to compensate for the category-dependent difficulties with word retrieval in ASD. Autism Res 2019, 12: 600-613. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Using an optical imaging tool, we found that adolescents with autism had difficulties with producing semantically related words and exhibited frontal lobe dysfunction. Nonetheless, poor word production and altered brain processing was only seen when these adolescents were asked to produce words from a category of living things but not nonliving things (i.e., animals but not means of transportation). Category-dependent word retrieval problems and frontal lobe dysfunction might be two features of this disorder. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2082 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=388
in Autism Research > 12-4 (April 2019) . - p.600-613[article] Frontal lobe dysfunction underlies the differential word retrieval impairment in adolescents with high-functioning autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / M. K. YEUNG, Auteur ; T. L. LEE, Auteur ; A. S. CHAN, Auteur . - p.600-613.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 12-4 (April 2019) . - p.600-613
Mots-clés : adolescent autism spectrum disorder category fluency frontal lobe near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)/optical imaging word retrieval Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : There is substantial evidence of word retrieval impairment as indicated by poor performance on the category fluency test in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, little is known about the neural mechanisms underlying this impairment. Functional neuroimaging studies have shown that the lateral frontal cortex plays a key role in flexible word retrieval. Thus, we examined whether individuals with ASD exhibited altered frontal processing during the category fluency test using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Twenty-two adolescents with high-functioning ASD (20 males) and 22 typically developing (TD) adolescents (16 males) aged 11-18 years were recruited. All underwent a category fluency paradigm, which required production of animal or means of transportation words for 1 min each although their frontal hemodynamic changes were recorded with fNIRS. We found that adolescents with ASD produced fewer animal but not transportation words (group-by-category interaction: P = 0.003), suggesting differential word retrieval impairment. In addition, unlike TD adolescents who exhibited activation primarily in lateral frontal regions during word production, adolescents with ASD had comparable activation across lateral and medial frontal regions. More importantly, this lack of lateral-medial distinction of activation, which was associated with poor word retrieval, differed significantly between groups only in the animal category (group-by-category interaction: P = 0.018). Thus, our findings implicate frontal lobe dysfunction in the impairment of differential word retrieval in adolescents with ASD. The relatively greater involvement of the medial frontopolar cortex might reflect the use of nonspecialized brain regions to compensate for the category-dependent difficulties with word retrieval in ASD. Autism Res 2019, 12: 600-613. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Using an optical imaging tool, we found that adolescents with autism had difficulties with producing semantically related words and exhibited frontal lobe dysfunction. Nonetheless, poor word production and altered brain processing was only seen when these adolescents were asked to produce words from a category of living things but not nonliving things (i.e., animals but not means of transportation). Category-dependent word retrieval problems and frontal lobe dysfunction might be two features of this disorder. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2082 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=388 Alpha electroencephalogram (EEG) asymmetry among toddlers in foster care / Kellyn N. BLAISDELL in Development and Psychopathology, 32-5 (December 2020)
[article]
Titre : Alpha electroencephalogram (EEG) asymmetry among toddlers in foster care Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Kellyn N. BLAISDELL, Auteur ; Tyson V. BARKER, Auteur ; Ryan J. GIULIANO, Auteur ; Philip A. FISHER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1743-1753 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Child Child, Preschool *Electroencephalography *Foster Home Care Frontal Lobe Humans *alpha asymmetry *child maltreatment *early adversity *foster care Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The majority of children living in foster care in the United States have a history of maltreatment and/or disrupted caregiving. Maltreatment in early childhood adversely affects development at many levels, including neurobiology and behavior. One neurobiological measure associated with maltreatment is alpha electroencephalogram (EEG) asymmetry. Prior research has found greater right frontal asymmetry among children with a history of maltreatment. However, little research has been extended developmentally downward to examine alpha asymmetry and its behavioral correlates among toddlers in foster care; this was the purpose of the present study. Differences in EEG asymmetry were examined between a sample of foster toddlers (mean age = 3.21 years, n = 38) and a community comparison, low-income sample without a history of foster care (mean age = 3.04 years, n = 16). The toddlers in the foster care group exhibited greater right alpha asymmetry, primarily driven by differences in parietal asymmetry. Neither frontal nor parietal asymmetry were clearly related to internalizing or externalizing behaviors, measured concurrently or at previous time points. These findings reveal differences in alpha EEG asymmetry among toddlers in foster care, and highlight the need to better understand associations between neurobiological and behavioral functioning following early adversity. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579420001212 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=437
in Development and Psychopathology > 32-5 (December 2020) . - p.1743-1753[article] Alpha electroencephalogram (EEG) asymmetry among toddlers in foster care [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Kellyn N. BLAISDELL, Auteur ; Tyson V. BARKER, Auteur ; Ryan J. GIULIANO, Auteur ; Philip A. FISHER, Auteur . - p.1743-1753.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Development and Psychopathology > 32-5 (December 2020) . - p.1743-1753
Mots-clés : Child Child, Preschool *Electroencephalography *Foster Home Care Frontal Lobe Humans *alpha asymmetry *child maltreatment *early adversity *foster care Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The majority of children living in foster care in the United States have a history of maltreatment and/or disrupted caregiving. Maltreatment in early childhood adversely affects development at many levels, including neurobiology and behavior. One neurobiological measure associated with maltreatment is alpha electroencephalogram (EEG) asymmetry. Prior research has found greater right frontal asymmetry among children with a history of maltreatment. However, little research has been extended developmentally downward to examine alpha asymmetry and its behavioral correlates among toddlers in foster care; this was the purpose of the present study. Differences in EEG asymmetry were examined between a sample of foster toddlers (mean age = 3.21 years, n = 38) and a community comparison, low-income sample without a history of foster care (mean age = 3.04 years, n = 16). The toddlers in the foster care group exhibited greater right alpha asymmetry, primarily driven by differences in parietal asymmetry. Neither frontal nor parietal asymmetry were clearly related to internalizing or externalizing behaviors, measured concurrently or at previous time points. These findings reveal differences in alpha EEG asymmetry among toddlers in foster care, and highlight the need to better understand associations between neurobiological and behavioral functioning following early adversity. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579420001212 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=437 The neural correlates of visuo-spatial working memory in children with autism spectrum disorder: effects of cognitive load / V. M. VOGAN in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 6-1 (December 2014)
[article]
Titre : The neural correlates of visuo-spatial working memory in children with autism spectrum disorder: effects of cognitive load Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : V. M. VOGAN, Auteur ; B. R. MORGAN, Auteur ; W. LEE, Auteur ; T. L. POWELL, Auteur ; M. L. SMITH, Auteur ; M. J. TAYLOR, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.19 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder Cognitive load Executive function Frontal lobe Functional magnetic resonance imaging Parietal lobe Working memory Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Research on the neural bases of cognitive deficits in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has shown that working memory (WM) difficulties are associated with abnormalities in the prefrontal cortex. However, cognitive load impacts these findings, and no studies have examined the relation between WM load and neural underpinnings in children with ASD. Thus, the current study determined the effects of cognitive load on WM, using a visuo-spatial WM capacity task in children with and without ASD with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). METHODS: We used fMRI and a 1-back colour matching task (CMT) task with four levels of difficulty to compare the cortical activation patterns associated with WM in children (7-13 years old) with high functioning autism (N = 19) and matched controls (N = 17) across cognitive load. RESULTS: Performance on CMT was comparable between groups, with the exception of one difficulty level. Using linear trend analyses, the control group showed increasing activation as a function of difficulty level in frontal and parietal lobes, particularly between the highest difficulty levels, and decreasing activation as a function of difficulty level in the posterior cingulate and medial frontal gyri. In contrast, children with ASD showed increasing activation only in posterior brain regions and decreasing activation in the posterior cingulate and medial frontal gyri, as a function of difficulty level. Significant differences were found in the precuneus, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and medial premotor cortex, where control children showed greater positive linear relations between cortical activity and task difficulty level, particularly at the highest difficulty levels, but children with ASD did not show these trends. CONCLUSIONS: Children with ASD showed differences in activation in the frontal and parietal lobes-both critical substrates for visuo-spatial WM. Our data suggest that children with ASD rely mainly on posterior brain regions associated with visual and lower level processing, whereas controls showed activity in frontal lobes related to the classic WM network. Findings will help guide future work by localizing areas of vulnerability to developmental disturbances. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1866-1955-6-19 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=346
in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 6-1 (December 2014) . - p.19[article] The neural correlates of visuo-spatial working memory in children with autism spectrum disorder: effects of cognitive load [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / V. M. VOGAN, Auteur ; B. R. MORGAN, Auteur ; W. LEE, Auteur ; T. L. POWELL, Auteur ; M. L. SMITH, Auteur ; M. J. TAYLOR, Auteur . - p.19.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 6-1 (December 2014) . - p.19
Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder Cognitive load Executive function Frontal lobe Functional magnetic resonance imaging Parietal lobe Working memory Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Research on the neural bases of cognitive deficits in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has shown that working memory (WM) difficulties are associated with abnormalities in the prefrontal cortex. However, cognitive load impacts these findings, and no studies have examined the relation between WM load and neural underpinnings in children with ASD. Thus, the current study determined the effects of cognitive load on WM, using a visuo-spatial WM capacity task in children with and without ASD with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). METHODS: We used fMRI and a 1-back colour matching task (CMT) task with four levels of difficulty to compare the cortical activation patterns associated with WM in children (7-13 years old) with high functioning autism (N = 19) and matched controls (N = 17) across cognitive load. RESULTS: Performance on CMT was comparable between groups, with the exception of one difficulty level. Using linear trend analyses, the control group showed increasing activation as a function of difficulty level in frontal and parietal lobes, particularly between the highest difficulty levels, and decreasing activation as a function of difficulty level in the posterior cingulate and medial frontal gyri. In contrast, children with ASD showed increasing activation only in posterior brain regions and decreasing activation in the posterior cingulate and medial frontal gyri, as a function of difficulty level. Significant differences were found in the precuneus, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and medial premotor cortex, where control children showed greater positive linear relations between cortical activity and task difficulty level, particularly at the highest difficulty levels, but children with ASD did not show these trends. CONCLUSIONS: Children with ASD showed differences in activation in the frontal and parietal lobes-both critical substrates for visuo-spatial WM. Our data suggest that children with ASD rely mainly on posterior brain regions associated with visual and lower level processing, whereas controls showed activity in frontal lobes related to the classic WM network. Findings will help guide future work by localizing areas of vulnerability to developmental disturbances. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1866-1955-6-19 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=346 Altered medial prefrontal cortex and dorsal raphé activity predict genotype and correlate with abnormal learning behavior in a mouse model of autism-associated 2p16.3 deletion / Rebecca B. HUGHES in Autism Research, 15-4 (April 2022)
[article]
Titre : Altered medial prefrontal cortex and dorsal raphé activity predict genotype and correlate with abnormal learning behavior in a mouse model of autism-associated 2p16.3 deletion Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Rebecca B. HUGHES, Auteur ; Jayde WHITTINGHAM-DOWD, Auteur ; Steven J. CLAPCOTE, Auteur ; Susan J. BROUGHTON, Auteur ; Neil DAWSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.614-627 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Animals Autism Spectrum Disorder/genetics Autistic Disorder Disease Models, Animal Dorsal Raphe Nucleus Genotype Humans Male Mice Prefrontal Cortex/diagnostic imaging Reversal Learning cognitive neuroscience copy number variation/copy number variants frontal lobe genotype-phenotype correlation imaging genetics mouse models serotonin Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : 2p16.3 deletion, involving NEUREXIN1 (NRXN1) heterozygous deletion, substantially increases the risk of developing autism and other neurodevelopmental disorders. We have a poor understanding of how NRXN1 heterozygosity impacts on brain function and cognition to increase the risk of developing the disorder. Here we characterize the impact of Nrxn1? heterozygosity on cerebral metabolism, in mice, using (14) C-2-deoxyglucose imaging. We also assess performance in an olfactory-based discrimination and reversal learning (OB-DaRL) task and locomotor activity. We use decision tree classifiers to test the predictive relationship between cerebral metabolism and Nrxn1? genotype. Our data show that Nrxn1? heterozygosity induces prefrontal cortex (medial prelimbic cortex, mPrL) hypometabolism and a contrasting dorsal raphé nucleus (DRN) hypermetabolism. Metabolism in these regions allows for the predictive classification of Nrxn1? genotype. Consistent with reduced mPrL glucose utilization, prefrontal cortex insulin receptor signaling is decreased in Nrxn1?(+/-) mice. Behaviorally, Nrxn1?(+/-) mice show enhanced learning of a novel discrimination, impaired reversal learning and an increased latency to make correct choices. In addition, male Nrxn1?(+/-) mice show hyperlocomotor activity. Correlative analysis suggests that mPrL hypometabolism contributes to the enhanced novel odor discrimination seen in Nrxn1?(+/-) mice, while DRN hypermetabolism contributes to their increased latency in making correct choices. The data show that Nrxn1? heterozygosity impacts on prefrontal cortex and serotonin system function, which contribute to the cognitive alterations seen in these animals. The data suggest that Nrxn1?(+/-) mice provide a translational model for the cognitive and behavioral alterations seen in autism and other neurodevelopmental disorders associated with 2p16.3 deletion. LAY SUMMARY: Deletion of the chromosomal region 2p16.3, involving reduced NEUREXIN1 gene expression, dramatically increases the risk of developing autism. Here, we show that reduced Neurexin1? expression, in mice, impacts on the prefrontal cortex and impairs cognitive flexibility. The data suggest that 2p16.3 deletion increases the risk of developing autism by impacting on the prefrontal cortex. Mice with the deletion are a useful model for testing new drugs to treat the cognitive flexibility problems experienced by people with autism. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2685 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=473
in Autism Research > 15-4 (April 2022) . - p.614-627[article] Altered medial prefrontal cortex and dorsal raphé activity predict genotype and correlate with abnormal learning behavior in a mouse model of autism-associated 2p16.3 deletion [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Rebecca B. HUGHES, Auteur ; Jayde WHITTINGHAM-DOWD, Auteur ; Steven J. CLAPCOTE, Auteur ; Susan J. BROUGHTON, Auteur ; Neil DAWSON, Auteur . - p.614-627.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 15-4 (April 2022) . - p.614-627
Mots-clés : Animals Autism Spectrum Disorder/genetics Autistic Disorder Disease Models, Animal Dorsal Raphe Nucleus Genotype Humans Male Mice Prefrontal Cortex/diagnostic imaging Reversal Learning cognitive neuroscience copy number variation/copy number variants frontal lobe genotype-phenotype correlation imaging genetics mouse models serotonin Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : 2p16.3 deletion, involving NEUREXIN1 (NRXN1) heterozygous deletion, substantially increases the risk of developing autism and other neurodevelopmental disorders. We have a poor understanding of how NRXN1 heterozygosity impacts on brain function and cognition to increase the risk of developing the disorder. Here we characterize the impact of Nrxn1? heterozygosity on cerebral metabolism, in mice, using (14) C-2-deoxyglucose imaging. We also assess performance in an olfactory-based discrimination and reversal learning (OB-DaRL) task and locomotor activity. We use decision tree classifiers to test the predictive relationship between cerebral metabolism and Nrxn1? genotype. Our data show that Nrxn1? heterozygosity induces prefrontal cortex (medial prelimbic cortex, mPrL) hypometabolism and a contrasting dorsal raphé nucleus (DRN) hypermetabolism. Metabolism in these regions allows for the predictive classification of Nrxn1? genotype. Consistent with reduced mPrL glucose utilization, prefrontal cortex insulin receptor signaling is decreased in Nrxn1?(+/-) mice. Behaviorally, Nrxn1?(+/-) mice show enhanced learning of a novel discrimination, impaired reversal learning and an increased latency to make correct choices. In addition, male Nrxn1?(+/-) mice show hyperlocomotor activity. Correlative analysis suggests that mPrL hypometabolism contributes to the enhanced novel odor discrimination seen in Nrxn1?(+/-) mice, while DRN hypermetabolism contributes to their increased latency in making correct choices. The data show that Nrxn1? heterozygosity impacts on prefrontal cortex and serotonin system function, which contribute to the cognitive alterations seen in these animals. The data suggest that Nrxn1?(+/-) mice provide a translational model for the cognitive and behavioral alterations seen in autism and other neurodevelopmental disorders associated with 2p16.3 deletion. LAY SUMMARY: Deletion of the chromosomal region 2p16.3, involving reduced NEUREXIN1 gene expression, dramatically increases the risk of developing autism. Here, we show that reduced Neurexin1? expression, in mice, impacts on the prefrontal cortex and impairs cognitive flexibility. The data suggest that 2p16.3 deletion increases the risk of developing autism by impacting on the prefrontal cortex. Mice with the deletion are a useful model for testing new drugs to treat the cognitive flexibility problems experienced by people with autism. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2685 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=473