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Executive function as a mediator in the link between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and social problems / Wan-Ling TSENG in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54-9 (September 2013)
[article]
Titre : Executive function as a mediator in the link between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and social problems Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Wan-Ling TSENG, Auteur ; Susan Shur-Fen GAU, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.996-1004 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ADHD executive function social problems mediator Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Cognitive processes and mechanisms underlying the strong link between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and social problems remain unclear. Limited knowledge also exists regarding a subgroup of youth with ADHD who do not have social problems. This study investigated the extent to which executive function (EF) mediated the association between ADHD and social problems and compared ADHD symptoms, comorbidities, and EF among ADHD youth with and without social problems and controls. Methods The sample consisted of 279 youth with ADHD and 173 controls without ADHD (11–17 years of age) in Taiwan. Among youth with ADHD, two subgroups were further identified: 70 ADHD youth with social problems and 31 ADHD youth without social problems. EF was assessed with four subtests from the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (Spatial span, Spatial working memory, Intra-dimensional/extra-dimensional shifts, Stockings of Cambridge). Social problems were assessed by mother and child reports. Results Executive function measures in working memory and planning mediated the effect of ADHD on social problems, independent of age, gender, and IQ. The two ADHD groups with and without social problems did not differ in ADHD severity or comorbidities; however, ADHD youth without social problems performed better on certain measures of EF such as working memory, planning, and response inhibition. Conclusions These findings suggest that deficits in some aspects of EF may account for social problems often experienced by youth with ADHD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12072 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=212
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-9 (September 2013) . - p.996-1004[article] Executive function as a mediator in the link between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and social problems [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Wan-Ling TSENG, Auteur ; Susan Shur-Fen GAU, Auteur . - p.996-1004.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-9 (September 2013) . - p.996-1004
Mots-clés : ADHD executive function social problems mediator Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Cognitive processes and mechanisms underlying the strong link between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and social problems remain unclear. Limited knowledge also exists regarding a subgroup of youth with ADHD who do not have social problems. This study investigated the extent to which executive function (EF) mediated the association between ADHD and social problems and compared ADHD symptoms, comorbidities, and EF among ADHD youth with and without social problems and controls. Methods The sample consisted of 279 youth with ADHD and 173 controls without ADHD (11–17 years of age) in Taiwan. Among youth with ADHD, two subgroups were further identified: 70 ADHD youth with social problems and 31 ADHD youth without social problems. EF was assessed with four subtests from the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (Spatial span, Spatial working memory, Intra-dimensional/extra-dimensional shifts, Stockings of Cambridge). Social problems were assessed by mother and child reports. Results Executive function measures in working memory and planning mediated the effect of ADHD on social problems, independent of age, gender, and IQ. The two ADHD groups with and without social problems did not differ in ADHD severity or comorbidities; however, ADHD youth without social problems performed better on certain measures of EF such as working memory, planning, and response inhibition. Conclusions These findings suggest that deficits in some aspects of EF may account for social problems often experienced by youth with ADHD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12072 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=212 The prevention program for externalizing problem behavior (PEP) improves child behavior by reducing negative parenting: analysis of mediating processes in a randomized controlled trial / Charlotte HANISCH in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 55-5 (May 2014)
[article]
Titre : The prevention program for externalizing problem behavior (PEP) improves child behavior by reducing negative parenting: analysis of mediating processes in a randomized controlled trial Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Charlotte HANISCH, Auteur ; Christopher HAUTMANN, Auteur ; Julia PLUCK, Auteur ; Ilka EICHELBERGER, Auteur ; Manfred DOPFNER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.473-484 Mots-clés : Parenting conduct problems randomized trial mediator Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Our indicated Prevention program for preschool children with Externalizing Problem behavior (PEP) demonstrated improved parenting and child problem behavior in a randomized controlled efficacy trial and in a study with an effectiveness design. The aim of the present analysis of data from the randomized controlled trial was to identify the mediating processes that account for these positive treatment effects. We hypothesized that a decrease in negative parenting and increases in positive parenting and parental warmth would mediate the relationship between treatment and child improvement. Method Parents of 155 children were randomly assigned to the PEP intervention group (n = 91) or a nontreated control group (n = 64). Parents rated their child's problem behavior and their own parenting practices before and after PEP training. Parental warmth was assessed during standardized play situations. Four mediation models were tested using structural equation modeling. Trial registration number ISRCTN12686222; http://www.controlled-trials.com/isrctn/pf/12686222. Results Changes in child externalizing problem behavior were most strongly mediated by reductions of negative parenting in difficult parenting situations. Increases in positive parenting also served as a mediator. Changes in parental warmth, parents' feeling of self-efficacy, and parental mental health did not play a mediating role in the association between PEP treatment and child behavior. Conclusions In our program, the most important component was to teach parents how to reduce dysfunctional parenting strategies in conflict situations. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12177 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=232
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 55-5 (May 2014) . - p.473-484[article] The prevention program for externalizing problem behavior (PEP) improves child behavior by reducing negative parenting: analysis of mediating processes in a randomized controlled trial [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Charlotte HANISCH, Auteur ; Christopher HAUTMANN, Auteur ; Julia PLUCK, Auteur ; Ilka EICHELBERGER, Auteur ; Manfred DOPFNER, Auteur . - p.473-484.
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 55-5 (May 2014) . - p.473-484
Mots-clés : Parenting conduct problems randomized trial mediator Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Our indicated Prevention program for preschool children with Externalizing Problem behavior (PEP) demonstrated improved parenting and child problem behavior in a randomized controlled efficacy trial and in a study with an effectiveness design. The aim of the present analysis of data from the randomized controlled trial was to identify the mediating processes that account for these positive treatment effects. We hypothesized that a decrease in negative parenting and increases in positive parenting and parental warmth would mediate the relationship between treatment and child improvement. Method Parents of 155 children were randomly assigned to the PEP intervention group (n = 91) or a nontreated control group (n = 64). Parents rated their child's problem behavior and their own parenting practices before and after PEP training. Parental warmth was assessed during standardized play situations. Four mediation models were tested using structural equation modeling. Trial registration number ISRCTN12686222; http://www.controlled-trials.com/isrctn/pf/12686222. Results Changes in child externalizing problem behavior were most strongly mediated by reductions of negative parenting in difficult parenting situations. Increases in positive parenting also served as a mediator. Changes in parental warmth, parents' feeling of self-efficacy, and parental mental health did not play a mediating role in the association between PEP treatment and child behavior. Conclusions In our program, the most important component was to teach parents how to reduce dysfunctional parenting strategies in conflict situations. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12177 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=232 Comorbid psychiatric conditions as mediators to predict later social adjustment in youths with autism spectrum disorder / Huey-Ling CHIANG in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 57-1 (January 2016)
[article]
Titre : Comorbid psychiatric conditions as mediators to predict later social adjustment in youths with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Huey-Ling CHIANG, Auteur ; Susan Shur-Fen GAU, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.103-111 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder inattention hyperactivity/impulsivity anxiety depression oppositional mediator social adjustment Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience long-term social impairment and their comorbid psychiatric conditions negatively impact adaptive functioning. The aims of the study are to investigate whether comorbid psychopathologies, such as anxiety/depression, inattention, hyperactivity/impulsivity, and oppositional behaviors, mediated the link between autistic symptoms and social maladjustment. Method One hundred and twenty-four youths diagnosed with a clinical diagnosis of DSM-IV ASD (mean age, 10.6 ± 3.3 years) participated in this longitudinal study. They were assessed using semistructured diagnostic interviews on ASD and other psychiatric conditions at recruitment. Follow-up interviews took place approximately 3 years later (37.59 ± 15 months) while the parents reported to the Social Adjustment Inventory for Children and Adolescents on their children's social adjustment. Mediation models were used to examine the mediating effect of comorbid psychopathologies on social adjustment. Results Youths with ASD had worse school, peer, and home functions than controls at follow-up assessment. In general, comorbid psychiatric conditions mediated the link between autistic symptoms and different domains of social adjustment, independent of age, sex, and full-scale IQ. Additionally, we found specific mediating effects of anxiety/depression and inattention on school functions; anxiety/depression on peer relationships; and oppositional behaviors on home behaviors. Conclusion Early comorbid psychopathologies may further impair later social adjustment in youths with ASD and an early identification and intervention of these comorbid conditions are suggested. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12450 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=273
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-1 (January 2016) . - p.103-111[article] Comorbid psychiatric conditions as mediators to predict later social adjustment in youths with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Huey-Ling CHIANG, Auteur ; Susan Shur-Fen GAU, Auteur . - p.103-111.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-1 (January 2016) . - p.103-111
Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder inattention hyperactivity/impulsivity anxiety depression oppositional mediator social adjustment Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience long-term social impairment and their comorbid psychiatric conditions negatively impact adaptive functioning. The aims of the study are to investigate whether comorbid psychopathologies, such as anxiety/depression, inattention, hyperactivity/impulsivity, and oppositional behaviors, mediated the link between autistic symptoms and social maladjustment. Method One hundred and twenty-four youths diagnosed with a clinical diagnosis of DSM-IV ASD (mean age, 10.6 ± 3.3 years) participated in this longitudinal study. They were assessed using semistructured diagnostic interviews on ASD and other psychiatric conditions at recruitment. Follow-up interviews took place approximately 3 years later (37.59 ± 15 months) while the parents reported to the Social Adjustment Inventory for Children and Adolescents on their children's social adjustment. Mediation models were used to examine the mediating effect of comorbid psychopathologies on social adjustment. Results Youths with ASD had worse school, peer, and home functions than controls at follow-up assessment. In general, comorbid psychiatric conditions mediated the link between autistic symptoms and different domains of social adjustment, independent of age, sex, and full-scale IQ. Additionally, we found specific mediating effects of anxiety/depression and inattention on school functions; anxiety/depression on peer relationships; and oppositional behaviors on home behaviors. Conclusion Early comorbid psychopathologies may further impair later social adjustment in youths with ASD and an early identification and intervention of these comorbid conditions are suggested. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12450 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=273 Is cognitive inflexibility a missing link? The role of cognitive inflexibility, alexithymia and intolerance of uncertainty in externalising and internalising behaviours in young people with autism spectrum disorder / A. OZSIVADJIAN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 62-6 (June 2021)
[article]
Titre : Is cognitive inflexibility a missing link? The role of cognitive inflexibility, alexithymia and intolerance of uncertainty in externalising and internalising behaviours in young people with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : A. OZSIVADJIAN, Auteur ; M. J. HOLLOCKS, Auteur ; I. MAGIATI, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur ; Gillian BAIRD, Auteur ; M. ABSOUD, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.715-724 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent Affective Symptoms Autism Spectrum Disorder Cognition Humans Longitudinal Studies Quality of Life Uncertainty Autism alexithymia anxiety autistic emotional regulation externalising inflexibility internalising intolerance of uncertainty mechanism mediator Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Internalising (anxiety and low mood) and externalising (aggressive or outburst behaviours, and irritability) difficulties are very common in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) across the life span, relatively stable over time and often associated with poorer quality of life. Understanding the cognitive mechanisms underlying internalising and externalising difficulties in ASD is essential for developing targeted supports and interventions. In the present study, we investigated established and less-researched cognitive factors hypothesised to contribute to internalising and/or externalising difficulties in ASD, namely cognitive inflexibility (CI), intolerance of uncertainty (IU) and alexithymia. Based on previous models and clinical experience, we hypothesised that IU would lead to internalising symptoms, with alexithymia contributing to this pathway, and that CI would have a direct effect on externalising behaviours and may indirectly contribute to internalising symptoms via increasing IU. METHODS: Our sample consisted of 95 5- to 18-year-olds presenting to a specialist neurodevelopmental clinic and receiving a diagnosis of ASD. Parents/caregivers completed questionnaires assessing ASD symptomatology, internalising and externalising difficulties, CI, IU and alexithymia. Structural equation modelling was used to examine the hypothesised pathways and relationships between the main variables of interest. RESULTS: Cognitive Inflexibility played a significant direct role in the pathway from ASD symptoms to externalising symptoms in ASD, and indirect role via IU in the pathway to internalising problems. Relationships between alexithymia and both internalising and externalising symptoms were weaker, with alexithymia predicting internalising difficulties via IU only. CONCLUSIONS: The finding of a direct pathway from CI to externalising behaviours is novel, as is the indirect role of CI in internalising symptomatology. Of the three cognitive mechanisms examined, only CI significantly predicted externalising symptoms. Possible implications for interventions and supports targeting these cognitive processes in ASD are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13295 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=456
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-6 (June 2021) . - p.715-724[article] Is cognitive inflexibility a missing link? The role of cognitive inflexibility, alexithymia and intolerance of uncertainty in externalising and internalising behaviours in young people with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / A. OZSIVADJIAN, Auteur ; M. J. HOLLOCKS, Auteur ; I. MAGIATI, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur ; Gillian BAIRD, Auteur ; M. ABSOUD, Auteur . - p.715-724.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-6 (June 2021) . - p.715-724
Mots-clés : Adolescent Affective Symptoms Autism Spectrum Disorder Cognition Humans Longitudinal Studies Quality of Life Uncertainty Autism alexithymia anxiety autistic emotional regulation externalising inflexibility internalising intolerance of uncertainty mechanism mediator Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Internalising (anxiety and low mood) and externalising (aggressive or outburst behaviours, and irritability) difficulties are very common in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) across the life span, relatively stable over time and often associated with poorer quality of life. Understanding the cognitive mechanisms underlying internalising and externalising difficulties in ASD is essential for developing targeted supports and interventions. In the present study, we investigated established and less-researched cognitive factors hypothesised to contribute to internalising and/or externalising difficulties in ASD, namely cognitive inflexibility (CI), intolerance of uncertainty (IU) and alexithymia. Based on previous models and clinical experience, we hypothesised that IU would lead to internalising symptoms, with alexithymia contributing to this pathway, and that CI would have a direct effect on externalising behaviours and may indirectly contribute to internalising symptoms via increasing IU. METHODS: Our sample consisted of 95 5- to 18-year-olds presenting to a specialist neurodevelopmental clinic and receiving a diagnosis of ASD. Parents/caregivers completed questionnaires assessing ASD symptomatology, internalising and externalising difficulties, CI, IU and alexithymia. Structural equation modelling was used to examine the hypothesised pathways and relationships between the main variables of interest. RESULTS: Cognitive Inflexibility played a significant direct role in the pathway from ASD symptoms to externalising symptoms in ASD, and indirect role via IU in the pathway to internalising problems. Relationships between alexithymia and both internalising and externalising symptoms were weaker, with alexithymia predicting internalising difficulties via IU only. CONCLUSIONS: The finding of a direct pathway from CI to externalising behaviours is novel, as is the indirect role of CI in internalising symptomatology. Of the three cognitive mechanisms examined, only CI significantly predicted externalising symptoms. Possible implications for interventions and supports targeting these cognitive processes in ASD are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13295 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=456 The Relationship Between Autistic Traits and Social Anxiety, Worry, Obsessive–Compulsive, and Depressive Symptoms: Specific and Non-specific Mediators in a Student Sample / Shi Min LIEW in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 45-3 (March 2015)
[article]
Titre : The Relationship Between Autistic Traits and Social Anxiety, Worry, Obsessive–Compulsive, and Depressive Symptoms: Specific and Non-specific Mediators in a Student Sample Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Shi Min LIEW, Auteur ; Nishta THEVARAJA, Auteur ; Ryan Y. HONG, Auteur ; Iliana MAGIATI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.858-872 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Autistic traits Anxiety Depression Mediator Relationship Predictor Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The high prevalence of anxiety symptoms in individuals with autism spectrum disorders has now been well documented. There is also a positive relationship between autistic traits and anxiety symptoms in unselected samples and individuals with anxiety disorders have more autistic traits compared to those without. Less is known, however, regarding which elements of autistic traits (i.e., social versus non-social/behavioral) or which other variables may mediate this relationship. This study investigated the shared and specific role of five autistic-trait related mediators (social problem-solving, social competence, teasing experiences, prevention from/punishment for preferred repetitive behaviors and aversive sensory experiences) in a non-clinical sample of 252 university students. Autistic traits positively correlated with both anxiety and depressive symptoms. Social competence mediated the relationship between autistic traits and social anxiety symptoms only, while only prevention from preferred repetitive behaviors and frequent aversive sensory experiences mediated the relationship between autistic traits, worry and obsessive–compulsive symptoms. Replication of these findings is required in longitudinal studies and with clinical samples. Limitations of the study are discussed and possible implications for intervention are tentatively suggested. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-014-2238-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=258
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 45-3 (March 2015) . - p.858-872[article] The Relationship Between Autistic Traits and Social Anxiety, Worry, Obsessive–Compulsive, and Depressive Symptoms: Specific and Non-specific Mediators in a Student Sample [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Shi Min LIEW, Auteur ; Nishta THEVARAJA, Auteur ; Ryan Y. HONG, Auteur ; Iliana MAGIATI, Auteur . - p.858-872.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 45-3 (March 2015) . - p.858-872
Mots-clés : Autism Autistic traits Anxiety Depression Mediator Relationship Predictor Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The high prevalence of anxiety symptoms in individuals with autism spectrum disorders has now been well documented. There is also a positive relationship between autistic traits and anxiety symptoms in unselected samples and individuals with anxiety disorders have more autistic traits compared to those without. Less is known, however, regarding which elements of autistic traits (i.e., social versus non-social/behavioral) or which other variables may mediate this relationship. This study investigated the shared and specific role of five autistic-trait related mediators (social problem-solving, social competence, teasing experiences, prevention from/punishment for preferred repetitive behaviors and aversive sensory experiences) in a non-clinical sample of 252 university students. Autistic traits positively correlated with both anxiety and depressive symptoms. Social competence mediated the relationship between autistic traits and social anxiety symptoms only, while only prevention from preferred repetitive behaviors and frequent aversive sensory experiences mediated the relationship between autistic traits, worry and obsessive–compulsive symptoms. Replication of these findings is required in longitudinal studies and with clinical samples. Limitations of the study are discussed and possible implications for intervention are tentatively suggested. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-014-2238-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=258