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Alteration of the fecal microbiota in Chinese children with autism spectrum disorder / Xinyan XIE in Autism Research, 15-6 (June 2022)
[article]
Titre : Alteration of the fecal microbiota in Chinese children with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Xinyan XIE, Auteur ; Li LI, Auteur ; Xiaoqian WU, Auteur ; Fang HOU, Auteur ; Yanlin CHEN, Auteur ; Liuwei SHI, Auteur ; Qi LIU, Auteur ; Kaiheng ZHU, Auteur ; Qi JIANG, Auteur ; Yanan FENG, Auteur ; Pei XIAO, Auteur ; Jiajia ZHANG, Auteur ; Jianhua GONG, Auteur ; Ranran SONG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.996-1007 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications Bacteria/genetics Case-Control Studies Child Dysbiosis/complications Feces/microbiology Humans Microbiota Phylogeny Chinese Han population autism spectrum disorder children gut microbiota Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is associated with altered gut microbiota. However, there has been little consensus on the altered bacterial species and studies have had small sample sizes. We aimed to identify the taxonomic composition and evaluate the changes in the fecal microbiota in Chinese children with ASD by using a relatively large sample size. We conducted a case-control study of 101 children with ASD and 103 healthy controls in China. Demographic information and fecal samples were collected, and the V3-V4 hypervariable regions of the bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene were sequenced. The alpha and beta diversities between the two groups were significantly different. After correcting for multiple comparisons, at the phylum level the relative abundances of Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria in the case group were significantly higher than those in the control group. The relative abundance of the Escherichia-Shigella genus in the case group was significantly higher than that of the control group, and the relative abundance of Blautia and unclassified_f__Lachnospiraceae in the control group were higher than that of the case group. Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States analysis showed that children with ASD may have disturbed functional pathways, such as amino acid metabolism, cofactor and vitamin metabolism, and the AMP-activated protein kinase signaling pathway. This study revealed the characteristics of the intestinal flora of Chinese children with ASD and provided further evidence of gut microbial dysbiosis in ASD. LAY SUMMARY: This study characterized the gut microbiota composition of 101 children with ASD and 103 healthy controls in China. The altered gut microbiota may contribute significantly to the risk of ASD, including significant increases in the relative abundances of Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria and Escherichia-Shigella and significant decrease of Blautia and unclassified_f__Lachnospiraceae. This study provided further evidence of gut microbial dysbiosis in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2718 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=476
in Autism Research > 15-6 (June 2022) . - p.996-1007[article] Alteration of the fecal microbiota in Chinese children with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Xinyan XIE, Auteur ; Li LI, Auteur ; Xiaoqian WU, Auteur ; Fang HOU, Auteur ; Yanlin CHEN, Auteur ; Liuwei SHI, Auteur ; Qi LIU, Auteur ; Kaiheng ZHU, Auteur ; Qi JIANG, Auteur ; Yanan FENG, Auteur ; Pei XIAO, Auteur ; Jiajia ZHANG, Auteur ; Jianhua GONG, Auteur ; Ranran SONG, Auteur . - p.996-1007.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 15-6 (June 2022) . - p.996-1007
Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications Bacteria/genetics Case-Control Studies Child Dysbiosis/complications Feces/microbiology Humans Microbiota Phylogeny Chinese Han population autism spectrum disorder children gut microbiota Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is associated with altered gut microbiota. However, there has been little consensus on the altered bacterial species and studies have had small sample sizes. We aimed to identify the taxonomic composition and evaluate the changes in the fecal microbiota in Chinese children with ASD by using a relatively large sample size. We conducted a case-control study of 101 children with ASD and 103 healthy controls in China. Demographic information and fecal samples were collected, and the V3-V4 hypervariable regions of the bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene were sequenced. The alpha and beta diversities between the two groups were significantly different. After correcting for multiple comparisons, at the phylum level the relative abundances of Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria in the case group were significantly higher than those in the control group. The relative abundance of the Escherichia-Shigella genus in the case group was significantly higher than that of the control group, and the relative abundance of Blautia and unclassified_f__Lachnospiraceae in the control group were higher than that of the case group. Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States analysis showed that children with ASD may have disturbed functional pathways, such as amino acid metabolism, cofactor and vitamin metabolism, and the AMP-activated protein kinase signaling pathway. This study revealed the characteristics of the intestinal flora of Chinese children with ASD and provided further evidence of gut microbial dysbiosis in ASD. LAY SUMMARY: This study characterized the gut microbiota composition of 101 children with ASD and 103 healthy controls in China. The altered gut microbiota may contribute significantly to the risk of ASD, including significant increases in the relative abundances of Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria and Escherichia-Shigella and significant decrease of Blautia and unclassified_f__Lachnospiraceae. This study provided further evidence of gut microbial dysbiosis in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2718 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=476 Gut Microbiota and Autism: Key Concepts and Findings / Helen T. DING in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 47-2 (February 2017)
[article]
Titre : Gut Microbiota and Autism: Key Concepts and Findings Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Helen T. DING, Auteur ; Ying TAUR, Auteur ; John T. WALKUP, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.480-489 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) Regressive autism Gastrointestinal symptoms Microbiota Microbiome Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : There is an emerging body of evidence linking the intestinal microbiota with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Studies have demonstrated differences in the composition of gut bacteria between children with ASD and controls. Certain intestinal bacteria have been observed in abundance and may be involved in the pathogenesis of ASD; including members of the Clostridium and Sutterella genus. Evidence from animal models suggest that certain microbial shifts in the gut may produce changes consistent with the clinical picture of autism, with proposed mechanisms including toxin production, aberrations in fermentation processes/products, and immunological and metabolic abnormalities. In this article, we review studies examining the relationship between intestinal bacteria and ASD, and discuss bacterial species that may be implicated and proposed mechanisms. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-016-2960-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=303
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 47-2 (February 2017) . - p.480-489[article] Gut Microbiota and Autism: Key Concepts and Findings [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Helen T. DING, Auteur ; Ying TAUR, Auteur ; John T. WALKUP, Auteur . - p.480-489.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 47-2 (February 2017) . - p.480-489
Mots-clés : Autism Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) Regressive autism Gastrointestinal symptoms Microbiota Microbiome Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : There is an emerging body of evidence linking the intestinal microbiota with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Studies have demonstrated differences in the composition of gut bacteria between children with ASD and controls. Certain intestinal bacteria have been observed in abundance and may be involved in the pathogenesis of ASD; including members of the Clostridium and Sutterella genus. Evidence from animal models suggest that certain microbial shifts in the gut may produce changes consistent with the clinical picture of autism, with proposed mechanisms including toxin production, aberrations in fermentation processes/products, and immunological and metabolic abnormalities. In this article, we review studies examining the relationship between intestinal bacteria and ASD, and discuss bacterial species that may be implicated and proposed mechanisms. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-016-2960-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=303 Intestinal microbiota, metabolome and gender dimorphism in autism spectrum disorders / Rafail I. KUSHAK in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 49 (May 2018)
[article]
Titre : Intestinal microbiota, metabolome and gender dimorphism in autism spectrum disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Rafail I. KUSHAK, Auteur ; Harland S. WINTER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.65-74 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Gender Microbiota Metabolome Gut-brain interactions Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : There is a male predominance in autism, with a male/female ratio of 4:1 and an even higher ratio (11:1) in individuals with high functioning autism. The reasons for gender differences in ASD are unknown. Genetic and environmental factors have been implicated, but no definitive evidence exists to explain male predominance. In this review, evidence is presented to support a hypothesis that the intestinal microbiota and metabolome play a role in gender dimorphism in children with autism. Metabolic products may affect not only gastrointestinal (GI) tract and the central nervous system, but also behavior, supporting communication between GI tract and central nervous system. Furthermore, mood and anxiety may affect intestinal function, indicating bidirectional flow in the gut-brain axis. Several hormone-based hypotheses are discussed to explain the prevalence of autism in males. Observations in animal models and studies in humans on the intestinal microbiome and metabolome are reviewed to support the proposed gender dimorphism hypothesis. We hypothesize that the intestinal microbiome is a contributing factor to the prevalence of ASD in boys either directly, through microbial metabolites and/or epigenetic factors capable of regulating host gene expression through DNA methylation and/or histone modification. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2018.01.009 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=340
in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 49 (May 2018) . - p.65-74[article] Intestinal microbiota, metabolome and gender dimorphism in autism spectrum disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Rafail I. KUSHAK, Auteur ; Harland S. WINTER, Auteur . - p.65-74.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 49 (May 2018) . - p.65-74
Mots-clés : Autism Gender Microbiota Metabolome Gut-brain interactions Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : There is a male predominance in autism, with a male/female ratio of 4:1 and an even higher ratio (11:1) in individuals with high functioning autism. The reasons for gender differences in ASD are unknown. Genetic and environmental factors have been implicated, but no definitive evidence exists to explain male predominance. In this review, evidence is presented to support a hypothesis that the intestinal microbiota and metabolome play a role in gender dimorphism in children with autism. Metabolic products may affect not only gastrointestinal (GI) tract and the central nervous system, but also behavior, supporting communication between GI tract and central nervous system. Furthermore, mood and anxiety may affect intestinal function, indicating bidirectional flow in the gut-brain axis. Several hormone-based hypotheses are discussed to explain the prevalence of autism in males. Observations in animal models and studies in humans on the intestinal microbiome and metabolome are reviewed to support the proposed gender dimorphism hypothesis. We hypothesize that the intestinal microbiome is a contributing factor to the prevalence of ASD in boys either directly, through microbial metabolites and/or epigenetic factors capable of regulating host gene expression through DNA methylation and/or histone modification. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2018.01.009 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=340 Investigating the effects of cesarean delivery and antibiotic use in early childhood on risk of later attention deficit hyperactivity disorder / P. B. AXELSSON in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 60-2 (February 2019)
[article]
Titre : Investigating the effects of cesarean delivery and antibiotic use in early childhood on risk of later attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : P. B. AXELSSON, Auteur ; T. D. CLAUSEN, Auteur ; A. H. PETERSEN, Auteur ; I. HAGEMAN, Auteur ; A. PINBORG, Auteur ; L. V. KESSING, Auteur ; T. BERGHOLT, Auteur ; S. C. RASMUSSEN, Auteur ; N. KEIDING, Auteur ; E. C. L. LOKKEGAARD, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.151-159 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder antibiotics cesarean section microbiota sibling relations Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Increasing attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) incidence has been proposed to be caused by factors influencing microbiota in early life. We investigated the potential causality between ADHD and two surrogate markers for changes in children's microbiota: birth delivery mode and early childhood antibiotic use. METHOD: This population-based, prospective cohort study linked nationwide registers of data for native Danish singleton live births in Denmark from 1997 to 2010. Exposure variables were delivery mode and antibiotic use during the first 2 years of life. The main outcome measure was ADHD diagnosis or redeemed ADHD medication prescriptions. For statistical analysis, we used both advanced sibling models and a more traditional approach. RESULTS: We included 671,592 children, followed from their second birthday in the period 1999-2014 for 7,300,522 person-years. ADHD was diagnosed in 17,971. In total, 17.5% were born by cesarean delivery, and 72% received antibiotic treatment within their first 2 years of life. In the adjusted between-within sibling survival model, mode of delivery or antibiotics had no effect on ADHD when compared with vaginal delivery or no antibiotic treatment as hazard ratios were 1.09 (95% confidence interval 0.97-1.24) for intrapartum cesarean, 1.03 (0.91-1.16) for prelabor cesarean, 0.98 (0.90-1.07) for penicillin, and 0.99 (0.92-1.06) for broader spectrum antibiotics. In a sibling-stratified Cox regression, intrapartum cesarean was associated with increased ADHD risk, but other exposures were not. In a descriptive, nonstratified Cox model, we found increased risk for ADHD for all exposures. CONCLUSIONS: Detailed family confounder control using the superior between-within model indicates that cesarean delivery or use of antibiotics during the first 2 years of life does not increase ADHD risk. Therefore, our study suggests that changes in children's microbiota related to cesarean delivery or antibiotic use, do not cause ADHD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12961 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=381
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 60-2 (February 2019) . - p.151-159[article] Investigating the effects of cesarean delivery and antibiotic use in early childhood on risk of later attention deficit hyperactivity disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / P. B. AXELSSON, Auteur ; T. D. CLAUSEN, Auteur ; A. H. PETERSEN, Auteur ; I. HAGEMAN, Auteur ; A. PINBORG, Auteur ; L. V. KESSING, Auteur ; T. BERGHOLT, Auteur ; S. C. RASMUSSEN, Auteur ; N. KEIDING, Auteur ; E. C. L. LOKKEGAARD, Auteur . - p.151-159.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 60-2 (February 2019) . - p.151-159
Mots-clés : Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder antibiotics cesarean section microbiota sibling relations Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Increasing attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) incidence has been proposed to be caused by factors influencing microbiota in early life. We investigated the potential causality between ADHD and two surrogate markers for changes in children's microbiota: birth delivery mode and early childhood antibiotic use. METHOD: This population-based, prospective cohort study linked nationwide registers of data for native Danish singleton live births in Denmark from 1997 to 2010. Exposure variables were delivery mode and antibiotic use during the first 2 years of life. The main outcome measure was ADHD diagnosis or redeemed ADHD medication prescriptions. For statistical analysis, we used both advanced sibling models and a more traditional approach. RESULTS: We included 671,592 children, followed from their second birthday in the period 1999-2014 for 7,300,522 person-years. ADHD was diagnosed in 17,971. In total, 17.5% were born by cesarean delivery, and 72% received antibiotic treatment within their first 2 years of life. In the adjusted between-within sibling survival model, mode of delivery or antibiotics had no effect on ADHD when compared with vaginal delivery or no antibiotic treatment as hazard ratios were 1.09 (95% confidence interval 0.97-1.24) for intrapartum cesarean, 1.03 (0.91-1.16) for prelabor cesarean, 0.98 (0.90-1.07) for penicillin, and 0.99 (0.92-1.06) for broader spectrum antibiotics. In a sibling-stratified Cox regression, intrapartum cesarean was associated with increased ADHD risk, but other exposures were not. In a descriptive, nonstratified Cox model, we found increased risk for ADHD for all exposures. CONCLUSIONS: Detailed family confounder control using the superior between-within model indicates that cesarean delivery or use of antibiotics during the first 2 years of life does not increase ADHD risk. Therefore, our study suggests that changes in children's microbiota related to cesarean delivery or antibiotic use, do not cause ADHD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12961 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=381 Gut mobilization improves behavioral symptoms and modulates urinary p-cresol in chronically constipated autistic children: A prospective study / L. TURRIZIANI in Autism Research, 15-1 (January 2022)
[article]
Titre : Gut mobilization improves behavioral symptoms and modulates urinary p-cresol in chronically constipated autistic children: A prospective study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : L. TURRIZIANI, Auteur ; A. RICCIARDELLO, Auteur ; F. CUCINOTTA, Auteur ; F. BELLOMO, Auteur ; G. TURTURO, Auteur ; M. BONCODDO, Auteur ; S. MIRABELLI, Auteur ; M. L. SCATTONI, Auteur ; M. ROSSI, Auteur ; A. M. PERSICO, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.56-69 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications Autistic Disorder/complications Behavioral Symptoms Child Child, Preschool Constipation/complications Cresols/urine Gastrointestinal Microbiome Gastrointestinal Motility Humans Prospective Studies 4-cresol anxiety autism autism spectrum disorder biomarkers constipation microbiota Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Chronic constipation is common among children with ASD and is associated with more severe hyperactivity, anxiety, irritability, and repetitive behaviors. Young autistic children with chronic constipation display higher urinary, and foecal concentrations of p-cresol, an aromatic compound produced by gut bacteria, known to negatively affect brain function. Acute p-cresol administration to BTBR mice enhances anxiety, hyperactivity and stereotypic behaviors, while blunting social interaction. This study was undertaken to prospectively assess the behavioral effects of gut mobilization in young autistic children with chronic constipation, and to verify their possible correlation with urinary p-cresol. To this aim, 21 chronically constipated autistic children 2-8?years old were evaluated before (T0), 1?month (T1), and 6?months (T2) after intestinal mobilization, recording Bristol stool scale scores, urinary p-cresol concentrations, and behavioral scores for social interaction deficits, stereotypic behaviors, anxiety, and hyperactivity. Gut mobilization yielded a progressive and highly significant decrease in all behavioral symptoms over the 6-month study period. Urinary p-cresol levels displayed variable trends not significantly correlated with changes in behavioral parameters, mainly increasing at T1 and decreasing at T2. These results support gut mobilization as a simple strategy to ameliorate ASD symptoms, as well as comorbid anxiety and hyperactivity, in chronically constipated children. Variation in p-cresol absorption seemingly provides limited contributions, if any, to these behavioral changes. Further research will be needed to address the relative role of reduced abdominal discomfort following mobilization, as compared to specific modifications in microbiome composition and in gut bacteria-derived neuroactive compounds. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2639 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450
in Autism Research > 15-1 (January 2022) . - p.56-69[article] Gut mobilization improves behavioral symptoms and modulates urinary p-cresol in chronically constipated autistic children: A prospective study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / L. TURRIZIANI, Auteur ; A. RICCIARDELLO, Auteur ; F. CUCINOTTA, Auteur ; F. BELLOMO, Auteur ; G. TURTURO, Auteur ; M. BONCODDO, Auteur ; S. MIRABELLI, Auteur ; M. L. SCATTONI, Auteur ; M. ROSSI, Auteur ; A. M. PERSICO, Auteur . - p.56-69.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 15-1 (January 2022) . - p.56-69
Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications Autistic Disorder/complications Behavioral Symptoms Child Child, Preschool Constipation/complications Cresols/urine Gastrointestinal Microbiome Gastrointestinal Motility Humans Prospective Studies 4-cresol anxiety autism autism spectrum disorder biomarkers constipation microbiota Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Chronic constipation is common among children with ASD and is associated with more severe hyperactivity, anxiety, irritability, and repetitive behaviors. Young autistic children with chronic constipation display higher urinary, and foecal concentrations of p-cresol, an aromatic compound produced by gut bacteria, known to negatively affect brain function. Acute p-cresol administration to BTBR mice enhances anxiety, hyperactivity and stereotypic behaviors, while blunting social interaction. This study was undertaken to prospectively assess the behavioral effects of gut mobilization in young autistic children with chronic constipation, and to verify their possible correlation with urinary p-cresol. To this aim, 21 chronically constipated autistic children 2-8?years old were evaluated before (T0), 1?month (T1), and 6?months (T2) after intestinal mobilization, recording Bristol stool scale scores, urinary p-cresol concentrations, and behavioral scores for social interaction deficits, stereotypic behaviors, anxiety, and hyperactivity. Gut mobilization yielded a progressive and highly significant decrease in all behavioral symptoms over the 6-month study period. Urinary p-cresol levels displayed variable trends not significantly correlated with changes in behavioral parameters, mainly increasing at T1 and decreasing at T2. These results support gut mobilization as a simple strategy to ameliorate ASD symptoms, as well as comorbid anxiety and hyperactivity, in chronically constipated children. Variation in p-cresol absorption seemingly provides limited contributions, if any, to these behavioral changes. Further research will be needed to address the relative role of reduced abdominal discomfort following mobilization, as compared to specific modifications in microbiome composition and in gut bacteria-derived neuroactive compounds. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2639 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450