44 recherche sur le mot-clé 'sex'

Sex Differences in Co-occurring Conditions Among Autistic Children and Youth in Florida: A Retrospective Cohort Study (2012-2019) / Amber M. ANGELL in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 51-10 (October 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 51-10 (October 2021) . - p.3759-3765 Titre : Sex Differences in Co-occurring Conditions Among Autistic Children and Youth in Florida: A Retrospective Cohort Study (2012-2019) Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Amber M. ANGELL, Auteur ; Alexis DEAVENPORT-SAMAN, Auteur ; L. YIN, Auteur ; B. ZOU, Auteur ; C. BAI, Auteur ; D. VARMA, Auteur ; O. SOLOMON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.3759-3765 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent  Adult  Autism Spectrum Disorder/epidemiology  Autistic Disorder/epidemiology  Child  Child, Preschool  Female  Florida/epidemiology  Humans  Infant  Male  Retrospective Studies  Sex Characteristics  Sex Factors  Young Adult  Autism spectrum disorder  Co-occurring condition  Gender  Girls  Healthcare claims  Sex Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autistic children have a high prevalence of co-occurring mental health, developmental/behavioral, and medical conditions, but research on sex/gender differences has been mixed. We used Florida healthcare claims data to characterize sex differences (female/male) in co-occurring conditions among autistic children ages 1-21 (N?=?83,500). After adjusting for age, race, ethnicity, urbanicity, and insurance, autistic girls had significantly higher odds of anxiety disorders, mood disorders, intellectual disability, developmental disorders, epilepsy, metabolic disorders, gastrointestinal disorders, and sleep disorders compared to autistic boys. Autistic girls had significantly lower odds of ADHD. The findings contribute to the growing body of research on the unique healthcare needs of autistic girls. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04841-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=453 [article] Sex Differences in Co-occurring Conditions Among Autistic Children and Youth in Florida: A Retrospective Cohort Study (2012-2019) [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Amber M. ANGELL, Auteur ; Alexis DEAVENPORT-SAMAN, Auteur ; L. YIN, Auteur ; B. ZOU, Auteur ; C. BAI, Auteur ; D. VARMA, Auteur ; O. SOLOMON, Auteur . - p.3759-3765. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 51-10 (October 2021) . - p.3759-3765 Mots-clés : Adolescent  Adult  Autism Spectrum Disorder/epidemiology  Autistic Disorder/epidemiology  Child  Child, Preschool  Female  Florida/epidemiology  Humans  Infant  Male  Retrospective Studies  Sex Characteristics  Sex Factors  Young Adult  Autism spectrum disorder  Co-occurring condition  Gender  Girls  Healthcare claims  Sex Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autistic children have a high prevalence of co-occurring mental health, developmental/behavioral, and medical conditions, but research on sex/gender differences has been mixed. We used Florida healthcare claims data to characterize sex differences (female/male) in co-occurring conditions among autistic children ages 1-21 (N?=?83,500). After adjusting for age, race, ethnicity, urbanicity, and insurance, autistic girls had significantly higher odds of anxiety disorders, mood disorders, intellectual disability, developmental disorders, epilepsy, metabolic disorders, gastrointestinal disorders, and sleep disorders compared to autistic boys. Autistic girls had significantly lower odds of ADHD. The findings contribute to the growing body of research on the unique healthcare needs of autistic girls. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04841-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=453

Sex/Gender Differences in CARS2 and GARS-3 Item Scores: Evidence of Phenotypic Differences Between Males and Females with ASD / Joanna M. TSIRGIOTIS in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 52-9 (September 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 52-9 (September 2022) . - p.3958-3976 Titre : Sex/Gender Differences in CARS2 and GARS-3 Item Scores: Evidence of Phenotypic Differences Between Males and Females with ASD Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Joanna M. TSIRGIOTIS, Auteur ; Robyn L. YOUNG, Auteur ; Nathan WEBER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.3958-3976 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis  Autistic Disorder  Child  Female  Humans  Male  Sex Characteristics  Sex Factors  Autism  Female presentation  Gender  Phenotype  Sex Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Growing evidence suggests that autistic females are more likely to be diagnostically overlooked than males, perhaps due to differences in ASD presentations (van Wijngaarden-Cremers in JAMA 44:627-635, 2014). To investigate specific behaviours in which differences lie, we analysed profiles of 777 children using the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (Scholper in JAMA 29:489-493, 2010) or Gilliam Autism Rating Scale (Gilliam, 2014). Males demonstrated greater difficulty in six CARS2-ST items and seven behaviours on the GARS-3, mostly reflecting restricted and repetitive behaviours. Across all instruments, the only area in which females showed greater difficulty was fear or nervousness (CARS2-ST). No meaningful differences emerged from the CARS2-HF analysis. Where males showed greater difficulty, females were more likely to present with developmentally typical behaviour. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-05286-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=485 [article] Sex/Gender Differences in CARS2 and GARS-3 Item Scores: Evidence of Phenotypic Differences Between Males and Females with ASD [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Joanna M. TSIRGIOTIS, Auteur ; Robyn L. YOUNG, Auteur ; Nathan WEBER, Auteur . - p.3958-3976. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 52-9 (September 2022) . - p.3958-3976 Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis  Autistic Disorder  Child  Female  Humans  Male  Sex Characteristics  Sex Factors  Autism  Female presentation  Gender  Phenotype  Sex Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Growing evidence suggests that autistic females are more likely to be diagnostically overlooked than males, perhaps due to differences in ASD presentations (van Wijngaarden-Cremers in JAMA 44:627-635, 2014). To investigate specific behaviours in which differences lie, we analysed profiles of 777 children using the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (Scholper in JAMA 29:489-493, 2010) or Gilliam Autism Rating Scale (Gilliam, 2014). Males demonstrated greater difficulty in six CARS2-ST items and seven behaviours on the GARS-3, mostly reflecting restricted and repetitive behaviours. Across all instruments, the only area in which females showed greater difficulty was fear or nervousness (CARS2-ST). No meaningful differences emerged from the CARS2-HF analysis. Where males showed greater difficulty, females were more likely to present with developmentally typical behaviour. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-05286-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=485

Sex differences in automatic emotion regulation in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder / Alexandra P. KEY in Autism Research, 15-4 (April 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 15-4 (April 2022) . - p.712-728 Titre : Sex differences in automatic emotion regulation in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Alexandra P. KEY, Auteur ; Dorita JONES, Auteur ; Blythe A. CORBETT, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.712-728 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Child  Emotional Regulation  Emotions/physiology  Evoked Potentials/physiology  Facial Expression  Female  Humans  Male  Sex Characteristics  autism  emotion  face  inhibition  sex  target detection Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism may be underdiagnosed in females because their social difficulties are often less noticeable. This study explored sex differences in automatic facial emotion processing in 45 adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (22 female, 23 male), age 10-16?years, performing active target detection task and Go/NoGo tasks where faces with positive and negative emotional expressions served as irrelevant distractors. The combined sample demonstrated more accurate performance on the target detection (response initiation) than the Go/NoGo task (response inhibition), replicating findings previously reported in typical participants. Females exhibited greater difficulty than males with response initiation in the target detection task, especially in the context of angry faces, while males found withholding a response in the Go/NoGo block with happy faces more challenging. Electrophysiological data revealed no sex differences or emotion discrimination effects during the early perceptual processing of faces indexed by the occipitotemporal N170. Autistic males demonstrated increased frontal N2 and parietal P3 amplitudes compared to females, suggesting greater neural resource allocation to automatic emotion regulation processes. The associations between standardized behavioral measures (autism severity, theory of mind skills) and brain responses also varied by sex: more adaptive social functioning was related to the speed of perceptual processing (N170 latency) in females and the extent of deliberate attention allocation (P3 amplitudes) in males. Together, these findings suggest that males and females with autism may rely on different strategies for social functioning and highlight the importance of considering sex differences in autism. LAY SUMMARY: Females with autism may exhibit less noticeable social difficulties than males. This study demonstrates that autistic females are more successful than males at inhibiting behavioral responses in emotional contexts, while males are more likely to initiate a response. At the neural level, social functioning in females is related to the speed of automatic perceptual processing of facial cues, and in males, to the extent of active attention allocation to the stimuli. These findings highlight the importance of considering sex differences in autism diagnosis and treatment selection. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2678 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=473 [article] Sex differences in automatic emotion regulation in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Alexandra P. KEY, Auteur ; Dorita JONES, Auteur ; Blythe A. CORBETT, Auteur . - p.712-728. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 15-4 (April 2022) . - p.712-728 Mots-clés : Adolescent  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Child  Emotional Regulation  Emotions/physiology  Evoked Potentials/physiology  Facial Expression  Female  Humans  Male  Sex Characteristics  autism  emotion  face  inhibition  sex  target detection Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism may be underdiagnosed in females because their social difficulties are often less noticeable. This study explored sex differences in automatic facial emotion processing in 45 adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (22 female, 23 male), age 10-16?years, performing active target detection task and Go/NoGo tasks where faces with positive and negative emotional expressions served as irrelevant distractors. The combined sample demonstrated more accurate performance on the target detection (response initiation) than the Go/NoGo task (response inhibition), replicating findings previously reported in typical participants. Females exhibited greater difficulty than males with response initiation in the target detection task, especially in the context of angry faces, while males found withholding a response in the Go/NoGo block with happy faces more challenging. Electrophysiological data revealed no sex differences or emotion discrimination effects during the early perceptual processing of faces indexed by the occipitotemporal N170. Autistic males demonstrated increased frontal N2 and parietal P3 amplitudes compared to females, suggesting greater neural resource allocation to automatic emotion regulation processes. The associations between standardized behavioral measures (autism severity, theory of mind skills) and brain responses also varied by sex: more adaptive social functioning was related to the speed of perceptual processing (N170 latency) in females and the extent of deliberate attention allocation (P3 amplitudes) in males. Together, these findings suggest that males and females with autism may rely on different strategies for social functioning and highlight the importance of considering sex differences in autism. LAY SUMMARY: Females with autism may exhibit less noticeable social difficulties than males. This study demonstrates that autistic females are more successful than males at inhibiting behavioral responses in emotional contexts, while males are more likely to initiate a response. At the neural level, social functioning in females is related to the speed of automatic perceptual processing of facial cues, and in males, to the extent of active attention allocation to the stimuli. These findings highlight the importance of considering sex differences in autism diagnosis and treatment selection. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2678 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=473

Self-reported sex differences in high-functioning adults with autism: a meta-analysis / R. L. MOSELEY in Molecular Autism, 9 (2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 9 (2018) . - 33p. Titre : Self-reported sex differences in high-functioning adults with autism: a meta-analysis Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : R. L. MOSELEY, Auteur ; R. HITCHINER, Auteur ; J. A. KIRKBY, Auteur Article en page(s) : 33p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult  Autistic Disorder/diagnosis/epidemiology  Female  Humans  Language Development  Male  Self Report  Sensorimotor Cortex/growth & development/physiopathology  Sex Factors  Sexual Development  Gender  raads-r  Self-report  Sex Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Sex differences in autistic symptomatology are believed to contribute to the mis- and missed diagnosis of many girls and women with an autism spectrum condition (ASC). Whilst recent years have seen the emergence of clinical and empirical reports delineating the profile of young autistic girls, recognition of sex differences in symptomatology in adulthood is far more limited. Methods: We chose here to focus on symptomatology as reported using a screening instrument, the Ritvo Autism Asperger Diagnostic Scale-Revised (RAADS-R). In a meta-analysis, we pooled and analysed RAADS-R data from a number of experimental groups. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) searched for the presence of main effects of Sex and Diagnosis and for interactions between these factors in our sample of autistic and non-autistic adults. Results: In social relatedness and circumscribed interests, main effects of Diagnosis revealed that as expected, autistic adults reported significantly greater lifetime prevalence of symptoms in these domains; an effect of Sex, in circumscribed interests, also suggested that males generally reported more prevalent symptoms than females. An interaction of Sex and Diagnosis in language symptomatology revealed that a normative sex difference in language difficulties was attenuated in autism. An interaction of Sex and Diagnosis in the sensorimotor domain revealed the opposite picture: a lack of sex differences between typically developing men and women and a greater prevalence of sensorimotor symptoms in autistic women than autistic men. Conclusions: We discuss the literature on childhood sex differences in relation to those which emerged in our adult sample. Where childhood sex differences fail to persist in adulthood, several interpretations exist, and we discuss, for example, an inherent sampling bias that may mean that only autistic women most similar to the male presentation are diagnosed. The finding that sensorimotor symptomatology is more highly reported by autistic women is a finding requiring objective confirmation, given its potential importance in diagnosis. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-018-0216-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=371 [article] Self-reported sex differences in high-functioning adults with autism: a meta-analysis [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / R. L. MOSELEY, Auteur ; R. HITCHINER, Auteur ; J. A. KIRKBY, Auteur . - 33p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 9 (2018) . - 33p. Mots-clés : Adult  Autistic Disorder/diagnosis/epidemiology  Female  Humans  Language Development  Male  Self Report  Sensorimotor Cortex/growth & development/physiopathology  Sex Factors  Sexual Development  Gender  raads-r  Self-report  Sex Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Sex differences in autistic symptomatology are believed to contribute to the mis- and missed diagnosis of many girls and women with an autism spectrum condition (ASC). Whilst recent years have seen the emergence of clinical and empirical reports delineating the profile of young autistic girls, recognition of sex differences in symptomatology in adulthood is far more limited. Methods: We chose here to focus on symptomatology as reported using a screening instrument, the Ritvo Autism Asperger Diagnostic Scale-Revised (RAADS-R). In a meta-analysis, we pooled and analysed RAADS-R data from a number of experimental groups. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) searched for the presence of main effects of Sex and Diagnosis and for interactions between these factors in our sample of autistic and non-autistic adults. Results: In social relatedness and circumscribed interests, main effects of Diagnosis revealed that as expected, autistic adults reported significantly greater lifetime prevalence of symptoms in these domains; an effect of Sex, in circumscribed interests, also suggested that males generally reported more prevalent symptoms than females. An interaction of Sex and Diagnosis in language symptomatology revealed that a normative sex difference in language difficulties was attenuated in autism. An interaction of Sex and Diagnosis in the sensorimotor domain revealed the opposite picture: a lack of sex differences between typically developing men and women and a greater prevalence of sensorimotor symptoms in autistic women than autistic men. Conclusions: We discuss the literature on childhood sex differences in relation to those which emerged in our adult sample. Where childhood sex differences fail to persist in adulthood, several interpretations exist, and we discuss, for example, an inherent sampling bias that may mean that only autistic women most similar to the male presentation are diagnosed. The finding that sensorimotor symptomatology is more highly reported by autistic women is a finding requiring objective confirmation, given its potential importance in diagnosis. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-018-0216-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=371

Sex differences and within-family associations in the broad autism phenotype / Jessica KLUSEK in Autism, 18-2 (February 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 18-2 (February 2014) . - p.106-116 Titre : Sex differences and within-family associations in the broad autism phenotype Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jessica KLUSEK, Auteur ; Molly LOSH, Auteur ; Gary E. MARTIN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.106-116 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  broad autism phenotype  endophenotype  gender  personality  pragmatic language  sex Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : While there is a strong sex bias in the presentation of autism, it is unknown whether this bias is also present in subclinical manifestations of autism among relatives, or the broad autism phenotype. This study examined this question and investigated patterns of co-occurrence of broad autism phenotype traits within families of individuals with autism. Pragmatic language and personality features of the broad autism phenotype were studied in 42 fathers and 50 mothers of individuals with autism using direct assessment tools used in prior family studies of the broad autism phenotype. Higher rates of aloof personality style were detected among fathers, while no sex differences were detected for other broad autism phenotype traits. Within individuals, pragmatic language features were associated with the social personality styles of the broad autism phenotype in mothers but not in fathers. A number of broad autism phenotype features were correlated within spousal pairs. Finally, the associations were detected between paternal broad autism phenotype characteristics and the severity of children’s autism symptoms in all three domains (social, communication, and repetitive behaviors). Mother–child correlations were detected for aspects of communication only. Together, the findings suggest that most features of the broad autism phenotype express comparably in males and females and raise some specific questions about how such features might inform studies of the genetic basis of autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361312464529 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=223 [article] Sex differences and within-family associations in the broad autism phenotype [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jessica KLUSEK, Auteur ; Molly LOSH, Auteur ; Gary E. MARTIN, Auteur . - p.106-116. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 18-2 (February 2014) . - p.106-116 Mots-clés : autism  broad autism phenotype  endophenotype  gender  personality  pragmatic language  sex Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : While there is a strong sex bias in the presentation of autism, it is unknown whether this bias is also present in subclinical manifestations of autism among relatives, or the broad autism phenotype. This study examined this question and investigated patterns of co-occurrence of broad autism phenotype traits within families of individuals with autism. Pragmatic language and personality features of the broad autism phenotype were studied in 42 fathers and 50 mothers of individuals with autism using direct assessment tools used in prior family studies of the broad autism phenotype. Higher rates of aloof personality style were detected among fathers, while no sex differences were detected for other broad autism phenotype traits. Within individuals, pragmatic language features were associated with the social personality styles of the broad autism phenotype in mothers but not in fathers. A number of broad autism phenotype features were correlated within spousal pairs. Finally, the associations were detected between paternal broad autism phenotype characteristics and the severity of children’s autism symptoms in all three domains (social, communication, and repetitive behaviors). Mother–child correlations were detected for aspects of communication only. Together, the findings suggest that most features of the broad autism phenotype express comparably in males and females and raise some specific questions about how such features might inform studies of the genetic basis of autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361312464529 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=223

Sex differences in children with autism spectrum disorders compared with their unaffected siblings and typically developing children / Subin PARK in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 6-2 (April-June 2012)  

Permalink

Sex differences in co-occurring conditions of children with autism spectrum disorders / Maria E. STACY in Autism, 18-8 (November 2014)  

Permalink

Sex Differences in the Timing of Identification Among Children and Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorders / Sander BEGEER in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 43-5 (May 2013)  

Permalink

Age and sex differences in problem behaviours in youth with autism spectrum disorder / Gemma GRAZIOSI in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 100 (February 2023)  

Permalink

Camouflaging in Autism: Examining Sex-Based and Compensatory Models in Social Cognition and Communication / Blythe A. CORBETT in Autism Research, 14-1 (January 2021)  

Permalink