Altered gaze following during live interaction in infants at risk for autism: an eye tracking study / E. THORUP in Molecular Autism, 7 (2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 7 (2016) . - 12p. Titre : Altered gaze following during live interaction in infants at risk for autism: an eye tracking study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : E. THORUP, Auteur ; P. NYSTROM, Auteur ; G. GREDEBACK, Auteur ; Sven BÖLTE, Auteur ; T. FALCK-YTTER, Auteur Article en page(s) : 12p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention/physiology  Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis/epidemiology/physiopathology  Cues  Early Diagnosis  Eye Movements  Family Health  Female  Fixation, Ocular/physiology  Head Movements  Humans  Imitative Behavior/physiology  Infant  Male  Pursuit, Smooth/physiology  Risk  Single-Blind Method  Social Behavior  Social Perception  Autism  Communication  Early development  Gaze following  Joint attention  Neurodevelopmental disorders  Social cognition  Younger siblings Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: The ability to follow gaze is an important prerequisite for joint attention, which is often compromised in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The direction of both the head and eyes provides cues to other people's attention direction, but previous studies have not separated these factors and their relation to ASD susceptibility. Development of gaze following typically occurs before ASD diagnosis is possible, and studies of high-risk populations are therefore important. METHODS: Eye tracking was used to assess gaze following during interaction in a group of 10-month-old infants at high familial risk for ASD (high-risk group) as well as a group of infants with no family history of ASD (low-risk group). The infants watched an experimenter gaze at objects in the periphery. Performance was compared across two conditions: one in which the experimenter moved both the eyes and head toward the objects (Eyes and Head condition) and one that involved movement of the eyes only (Eyes Only condition). RESULTS: A group by condition interaction effect was found. Specifically, whereas gaze following accuracy was comparable across the two conditions in the low-risk group, infants in the high-risk group were more likely to follow gaze in the Eyes and Head condition than in the Eyes Only condition. CONCLUSIONS: In an ecologically valid social situation, responses to basic non-verbal orienting cues were found to be altered in infants at risk for ASD. The results indicate that infants at risk for ASD may rely disproportionally on information from the head when following gaze and point to the importance of separating information from the eyes and the head when studying social perception in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-016-0069-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=329 [article] Altered gaze following during live interaction in infants at risk for autism: an eye tracking study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / E. THORUP, Auteur ; P. NYSTROM, Auteur ; G. GREDEBACK, Auteur ; Sven BÖLTE, Auteur ; T. FALCK-YTTER, Auteur . - 12p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 7 (2016) . - 12p. Mots-clés : Attention/physiology  Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis/epidemiology/physiopathology  Cues  Early Diagnosis  Eye Movements  Family Health  Female  Fixation, Ocular/physiology  Head Movements  Humans  Imitative Behavior/physiology  Infant  Male  Pursuit, Smooth/physiology  Risk  Single-Blind Method  Social Behavior  Social Perception  Autism  Communication  Early development  Gaze following  Joint attention  Neurodevelopmental disorders  Social cognition  Younger siblings Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: The ability to follow gaze is an important prerequisite for joint attention, which is often compromised in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The direction of both the head and eyes provides cues to other people's attention direction, but previous studies have not separated these factors and their relation to ASD susceptibility. Development of gaze following typically occurs before ASD diagnosis is possible, and studies of high-risk populations are therefore important. METHODS: Eye tracking was used to assess gaze following during interaction in a group of 10-month-old infants at high familial risk for ASD (high-risk group) as well as a group of infants with no family history of ASD (low-risk group). The infants watched an experimenter gaze at objects in the periphery. Performance was compared across two conditions: one in which the experimenter moved both the eyes and head toward the objects (Eyes and Head condition) and one that involved movement of the eyes only (Eyes Only condition). RESULTS: A group by condition interaction effect was found. Specifically, whereas gaze following accuracy was comparable across the two conditions in the low-risk group, infants in the high-risk group were more likely to follow gaze in the Eyes and Head condition than in the Eyes Only condition. CONCLUSIONS: In an ecologically valid social situation, responses to basic non-verbal orienting cues were found to be altered in infants at risk for ASD. The results indicate that infants at risk for ASD may rely disproportionally on information from the head when following gaze and point to the importance of separating information from the eyes and the head when studying social perception in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-016-0069-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=329

Eye tracking in early autism research / T. FALCK-YTTER in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 5-1 (December 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 5-1 (December 2013) . - p.28 Titre : Eye tracking in early autism research Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : T. FALCK-YTTER, Auteur ; Sven BÖLTE, Auteur ; G. GREDEBACK, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.28 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Eye tracking has the potential to characterize autism at a unique intermediate level, with links 'down' to underlying neurocognitive networks, as well as 'up' to everyday function and dysfunction. Because it is non-invasive and does not require advanced motor responses or language, eye tracking is particularly important for the study of young children and infants. In this article, we review eye tracking studies of young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and children at risk for ASD. Reduced looking time at people and faces, as well as problems with disengagement of attention, appear to be among the earliest signs of ASD, emerging during the first year of life. In toddlers with ASD, altered looking patterns across facial parts such as the eyes and mouth have been found, together with limited orienting to biological motion. We provide a detailed discussion of these and other key findings and highlight methodological opportunities and challenges for eye tracking research of young children with ASD. We conclude that eye tracking can reveal important features of the complex picture of autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1866-1955-5-28 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=345 [article] Eye tracking in early autism research [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / T. FALCK-YTTER, Auteur ; Sven BÖLTE, Auteur ; G. GREDEBACK, Auteur . - p.28. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 5-1 (December 2013) . - p.28 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Eye tracking has the potential to characterize autism at a unique intermediate level, with links 'down' to underlying neurocognitive networks, as well as 'up' to everyday function and dysfunction. Because it is non-invasive and does not require advanced motor responses or language, eye tracking is particularly important for the study of young children and infants. In this article, we review eye tracking studies of young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and children at risk for ASD. Reduced looking time at people and faces, as well as problems with disengagement of attention, appear to be among the earliest signs of ASD, emerging during the first year of life. In toddlers with ASD, altered looking patterns across facial parts such as the eyes and mouth have been found, together with limited orienting to biological motion. We provide a detailed discussion of these and other key findings and highlight methodological opportunities and challenges for eye tracking research of young children with ASD. We conclude that eye tracking can reveal important features of the complex picture of autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1866-1955-5-28 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=345

Reduced orienting to audiovisual synchrony in infancy predicts autism diagnosis at 3 years of age / T. FALCK-YTTER in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 59-8 (August 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 59-8 (August 2018) . - p.872-880 Titre : Reduced orienting to audiovisual synchrony in infancy predicts autism diagnosis at 3 years of age Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : T. FALCK-YTTER, Auteur ; P. NYSTROM, Auteur ; G. GREDEBACK, Auteur ; T. GLIGA, Auteur ; Sven BÖLTE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.872-880 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  biological motion  biomarker  infancy  multisensory processing  scientific replication Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Effective multisensory processing develops in infancy and is thought to be important for the perception of unified and multimodal objects and events. Previous research suggests impaired multisensory processing in autism, but its role in the early development of the disorder is yet uncertain. Here, using a prospective longitudinal design, we tested whether reduced visual attention to audiovisual synchrony is an infant marker of later-emerging autism diagnosis. METHODS: We studied 10-month-old siblings of children with autism using an eye tracking task previously used in studies of preschoolers. The task assessed the effect of manipulations of audiovisual synchrony on viewing patterns while the infants were observing point light displays of biological motion. We analyzed the gaze data recorded in infancy according to diagnostic status at 3 years of age (DSM-5). RESULTS: Ten-month-old infants who later received an autism diagnosis did not orient to audiovisual synchrony expressed within biological motion. In contrast, both infants at low-risk and high-risk siblings without autism at follow-up had a strong preference for this type of information. No group differences were observed in terms of orienting to upright biological motion. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that reduced orienting to audiovisual synchrony within biological motion is an early sign of autism. The findings support the view that poor multisensory processing could be an important antecedent marker of this neurodevelopmental condition. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12863 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=368 [article] Reduced orienting to audiovisual synchrony in infancy predicts autism diagnosis at 3 years of age [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / T. FALCK-YTTER, Auteur ; P. NYSTROM, Auteur ; G. GREDEBACK, Auteur ; T. GLIGA, Auteur ; Sven BÖLTE, Auteur . - p.872-880. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 59-8 (August 2018) . - p.872-880 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  biological motion  biomarker  infancy  multisensory processing  scientific replication Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Effective multisensory processing develops in infancy and is thought to be important for the perception of unified and multimodal objects and events. Previous research suggests impaired multisensory processing in autism, but its role in the early development of the disorder is yet uncertain. Here, using a prospective longitudinal design, we tested whether reduced visual attention to audiovisual synchrony is an infant marker of later-emerging autism diagnosis. METHODS: We studied 10-month-old siblings of children with autism using an eye tracking task previously used in studies of preschoolers. The task assessed the effect of manipulations of audiovisual synchrony on viewing patterns while the infants were observing point light displays of biological motion. We analyzed the gaze data recorded in infancy according to diagnostic status at 3 years of age (DSM-5). RESULTS: Ten-month-old infants who later received an autism diagnosis did not orient to audiovisual synchrony expressed within biological motion. In contrast, both infants at low-risk and high-risk siblings without autism at follow-up had a strong preference for this type of information. No group differences were observed in terms of orienting to upright biological motion. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that reduced orienting to audiovisual synchrony within biological motion is an early sign of autism. The findings support the view that poor multisensory processing could be an important antecedent marker of this neurodevelopmental condition. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12863 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=368

---

1 (1 - 3 / 3)