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Détail de l'auteur
Auteur R. James R. BLAIR
Documents disponibles écrits par cet auteur



Adolescents with psychopathic traits report reductions in physiological responses to fear / Abigail A. MARSH ; Elizabeth C. FINGER ; Julia C. SCHECHTER ; Ilana T.N. JURKOWITZ ; Marguerite E. REID ; R. James R. BLAIR in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 52-8 (August 2011)
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[article]
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-8 (August 2011) . - p.834-841
Titre : Adolescents with psychopathic traits report reductions in physiological responses to fear Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Abigail A. MARSH, Auteur ; Elizabeth C. FINGER, Auteur ; Julia C. SCHECHTER, Auteur ; Ilana T.N. JURKOWITZ, Auteur ; Marguerite E. REID, Auteur ; R. James R. BLAIR, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p.834-841 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Psychopathy emotion fear antisocial behavior autonomic adolescence conduct disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Psychopathy is characterized by profound affective deficits, including shallow affect and reduced empathy. Recent research suggests that these deficits may apply particularly to negative emotions, or to certain negative emotions such as fear. Despite increased focus on the cognitive and neural underpinnings of psychopathy, little is known about how psychopathy is associated with emotional deficits across a range of emotions. In addition, the relationship between psychopathy and the subjective experience of emotion has not yet been assessed.
Methods: Eighteen 10–17-year-olds with psychopathic traits and 24 comparison children and adolescents reported on their subjective experiences of emotion during five recent emotionally evocative life events, following a paradigm developed by Scherer and colleagues (Scherer & Wallbott, 1994). Group comparisons were then performed to assess variations in subjective experiences across emotions.
Results: As predicted, psychopathy was associated with reductions in the subjective experience of fear relative to other emotions. Children and adolescents with psychopathic traits reported fewer symptoms associated with sympathetic nervous system arousal during fear-evoking experiences.
Conclusions: Rather than being related to uniformly impoverished emotional experience, psychopathic traits appear to be associated with greater deficits in subjective experiences of fear. This pattern of responding supports and extends previous observations that psychopathy engenders deficits in fear learning, physiological responses to threats, and the recognition of fear in others.En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02353.x Permalink : http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=1327 [article] Adolescents with psychopathic traits report reductions in physiological responses to fear [texte imprimé] / Abigail A. MARSH, Auteur ; Elizabeth C. FINGER, Auteur ; Julia C. SCHECHTER, Auteur ; Ilana T.N. JURKOWITZ, Auteur ; Marguerite E. REID, Auteur ; R. James R. BLAIR, Auteur . - 2011 . - p.834-841.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-8 (August 2011) . - p.834-841
Mots-clés : Psychopathy emotion fear antisocial behavior autonomic adolescence conduct disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Psychopathy is characterized by profound affective deficits, including shallow affect and reduced empathy. Recent research suggests that these deficits may apply particularly to negative emotions, or to certain negative emotions such as fear. Despite increased focus on the cognitive and neural underpinnings of psychopathy, little is known about how psychopathy is associated with emotional deficits across a range of emotions. In addition, the relationship between psychopathy and the subjective experience of emotion has not yet been assessed.
Methods: Eighteen 10–17-year-olds with psychopathic traits and 24 comparison children and adolescents reported on their subjective experiences of emotion during five recent emotionally evocative life events, following a paradigm developed by Scherer and colleagues (Scherer & Wallbott, 1994). Group comparisons were then performed to assess variations in subjective experiences across emotions.
Results: As predicted, psychopathy was associated with reductions in the subjective experience of fear relative to other emotions. Children and adolescents with psychopathic traits reported fewer symptoms associated with sympathetic nervous system arousal during fear-evoking experiences.
Conclusions: Rather than being related to uniformly impoverished emotional experience, psychopathic traits appear to be associated with greater deficits in subjective experiences of fear. This pattern of responding supports and extends previous observations that psychopathy engenders deficits in fear learning, physiological responses to threats, and the recognition of fear in others.En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02353.x Permalink : http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=1327 Commentary: Are callous unemotional traits all in the eyes? Examining eye contact in youth with conduct problems and callous unemotional traits – reflections on Dadds et al. (2011) / R. James R. BLAIR in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 52-3 (March 2011)
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[article]
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-3 (March 2011) . - p.246-247
Titre : Commentary: Are callous unemotional traits all in the eyes? Examining eye contact in youth with conduct problems and callous unemotional traits – reflections on Dadds et al. (2011) Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : R. James R. BLAIR, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p.246-247 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02364.x Permalink : http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=1181 [article] Commentary: Are callous unemotional traits all in the eyes? Examining eye contact in youth with conduct problems and callous unemotional traits – reflections on Dadds et al. (2011) [texte imprimé] / R. James R. BLAIR, Auteur . - 2011 . - p.246-247.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-3 (March 2011) . - p.246-247
Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02364.x Permalink : http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=1181 Commentary: Disregard for others: empathic dysfunction or emotional volatility? The relationship with future antisocial behavior – reflections on Rhee et al. (2013) / R. James R. BLAIR in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54-2 (February 2013)
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[article]
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-2 (February 2013) . - p.167-168
Titre : Commentary: Disregard for others: empathic dysfunction or emotional volatility? The relationship with future antisocial behavior – reflections on Rhee et al. (2013) Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : R. James R. BLAIR, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : p.167-168 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12026 Permalink : http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=1883 [article] Commentary: Disregard for others: empathic dysfunction or emotional volatility? The relationship with future antisocial behavior – reflections on Rhee et al. (2013) [texte imprimé] / R. James R. BLAIR, Auteur . - 2013 . - p.167-168.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-2 (February 2013) . - p.167-168
Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12026 Permalink : http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=1883 Empathic responsiveness in amygdala and anterior cingulate cortex in youths with psychopathic traits / Abigail A. MARSH in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54-8 (August 2013)
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[article]
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-8 (August 2013) . - p.900-910
Titre : Empathic responsiveness in amygdala and anterior cingulate cortex in youths with psychopathic traits Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Abigail A. MARSH, Auteur ; Elizabeth C. FINGER, Auteur ; Katherine A. FOWLER, Auteur ; Christopher J. ADALIO, Auteur ; Ilana T.N. JURKOWITZ, Auteur ; Julia C. SCHECHTER, Auteur ; Daniel S. PINE, Auteur ; Jean DECETY, Auteur ; R. James R. BLAIR, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.900-910 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Psychopathy adolescents empathy pain amygdala conduct disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Psychopathic traits are associated with increases in antisocial behaviors such as aggression and are characterized by reduced empathy for others' distress. This suggests that psychopathic traits may also impair empathic pain sensitivity. However, whether psychopathic traits affect responses to the pain of others versus the self has not been previously assessed. Method We used whole-brain functional magnetic resonance imaging to measure neural activation in 14 adolescents with oppositional defiant disorder or conduct disorder and psychopathic traits, as well as 21 healthy controls matched on age, gender, and intelligence. Activation in structures associated with empathic pain perception was assessed as adolescents viewed photographs of pain-inducing injuries. Adolescents imagined either that the body in each photograph was their own or that it belonged to another person. Behavioral and neuroimaging data were analyzed using random-effects analysis of variance. Results Youths with psychopathic traits showed reduced activity within regions associated with empathic pain as the depicted pain increased. These regions included rostral anterior cingulate cortex, ventral striatum (putamen), and amygdala. Reductions in amygdala activity particularly occurred when the injury was perceived as occurring to another. Empathic pain responses within both amygdala and rostral anterior cingulate cortex were negatively correlated with the severity of psychopathic traits as indexed by PCL:YV scores. Conclusions Youths with psychopathic traits show less responsiveness in regions implicated in the affective response to another's pain as the perceived intensity of this pain increases. Moreover, this reduced responsiveness appears to predict symptom severity. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12063 Permalink : http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=2105 [article] Empathic responsiveness in amygdala and anterior cingulate cortex in youths with psychopathic traits [texte imprimé] / Abigail A. MARSH, Auteur ; Elizabeth C. FINGER, Auteur ; Katherine A. FOWLER, Auteur ; Christopher J. ADALIO, Auteur ; Ilana T.N. JURKOWITZ, Auteur ; Julia C. SCHECHTER, Auteur ; Daniel S. PINE, Auteur ; Jean DECETY, Auteur ; R. James R. BLAIR, Auteur . - p.900-910.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-8 (August 2013) . - p.900-910
Mots-clés : Psychopathy adolescents empathy pain amygdala conduct disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Psychopathic traits are associated with increases in antisocial behaviors such as aggression and are characterized by reduced empathy for others' distress. This suggests that psychopathic traits may also impair empathic pain sensitivity. However, whether psychopathic traits affect responses to the pain of others versus the self has not been previously assessed. Method We used whole-brain functional magnetic resonance imaging to measure neural activation in 14 adolescents with oppositional defiant disorder or conduct disorder and psychopathic traits, as well as 21 healthy controls matched on age, gender, and intelligence. Activation in structures associated with empathic pain perception was assessed as adolescents viewed photographs of pain-inducing injuries. Adolescents imagined either that the body in each photograph was their own or that it belonged to another person. Behavioral and neuroimaging data were analyzed using random-effects analysis of variance. Results Youths with psychopathic traits showed reduced activity within regions associated with empathic pain as the depicted pain increased. These regions included rostral anterior cingulate cortex, ventral striatum (putamen), and amygdala. Reductions in amygdala activity particularly occurred when the injury was perceived as occurring to another. Empathic pain responses within both amygdala and rostral anterior cingulate cortex were negatively correlated with the severity of psychopathic traits as indexed by PCL:YV scores. Conclusions Youths with psychopathic traits show less responsiveness in regions implicated in the affective response to another's pain as the perceived intensity of this pain increases. Moreover, this reduced responsiveness appears to predict symptom severity. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12063 Permalink : http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=2105 Face emotion labeling deficits in children with bipolar disorder and severe mood dysregulation / Brendan A. RICH in Development and Psychopathology, 20-2 (Spring 2008)
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[article]
in Development and Psychopathology > 20-2 (Spring 2008) . - p.529-546
Titre : Face emotion labeling deficits in children with bipolar disorder and severe mood dysregulation Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Brendan A. RICH, Auteur ; R. James R. BLAIR, Auteur ; Ellen LEIBENLUFT, Auteur ; Mary E. GRIMLEY, Auteur ; Mariana SCHMAJUK, Auteur ; Karina S. BLAIR, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.529-546 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children with narrow phenotype bipolar disorder (NP-BD; i.e., history of at least one hypomanic or manic episode with euphoric mood) are deficient when labeling face emotions. It is unknown if this deficit is specific to particular emotions, or if it extends to children with severe mood dysregulation (SMD; i.e., chronic irritability and hyperarousal without episodes of mania). Thirty-nine NP-BD, 31 SMD, and 36 control subjects completed the emotional expression multimorph task, which presents gradations of facial emotions from 100% neutrality to 100% emotional expression (happiness, surprise, fear, sadness, anger, and disgust). Groups were compared in terms of intensity of emotion required before identification occurred and accuracy. Both NP-BD and SMD youth required significantly more morphs than controls to label correctly disgusted, surprised, fearful, and happy faces. Impaired face labeling correlated with deficient social reciprocity skills in NP-BD youth and dysfunctional family relationships in SMD youth. Compared to controls, patients with NP-BD or SMD require significantly more intense facial emotion before they are able to label the emotion correctly. These deficits are associated with psychosocial impairments. Understanding the neural circuitry associated with face-labeling deficits has the potential to clarify the pathophysiology of these disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579408000266 Permalink : http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=4129 [article] Face emotion labeling deficits in children with bipolar disorder and severe mood dysregulation [texte imprimé] / Brendan A. RICH, Auteur ; R. James R. BLAIR, Auteur ; Ellen LEIBENLUFT, Auteur ; Mary E. GRIMLEY, Auteur ; Mariana SCHMAJUK, Auteur ; Karina S. BLAIR, Auteur . - p.529-546.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Development and Psychopathology > 20-2 (Spring 2008) . - p.529-546
Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children with narrow phenotype bipolar disorder (NP-BD; i.e., history of at least one hypomanic or manic episode with euphoric mood) are deficient when labeling face emotions. It is unknown if this deficit is specific to particular emotions, or if it extends to children with severe mood dysregulation (SMD; i.e., chronic irritability and hyperarousal without episodes of mania). Thirty-nine NP-BD, 31 SMD, and 36 control subjects completed the emotional expression multimorph task, which presents gradations of facial emotions from 100% neutrality to 100% emotional expression (happiness, surprise, fear, sadness, anger, and disgust). Groups were compared in terms of intensity of emotion required before identification occurred and accuracy. Both NP-BD and SMD youth required significantly more morphs than controls to label correctly disgusted, surprised, fearful, and happy faces. Impaired face labeling correlated with deficient social reciprocity skills in NP-BD youth and dysfunctional family relationships in SMD youth. Compared to controls, patients with NP-BD or SMD require significantly more intense facial emotion before they are able to label the emotion correctly. These deficits are associated with psychosocial impairments. Understanding the neural circuitry associated with face-labeling deficits has the potential to clarify the pathophysiology of these disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579408000266 Permalink : http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=4129 A neurocomputational investigation of reinforcement-based decision making as a candidate latent vulnerability mechanism in maltreated children / Mattia I. GERIN in Development and Psychopathology, 29-5 (December 2017)
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PermalinkPunishment insensitivity and impaired reinforcement learning in preschoolers / Margaret J. BRIGGS-GOWAN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 55-2 (February 2014)
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PermalinkReduced activity within the dorsal endogenous orienting of attention network to fearful expressions in youth with disruptive behavior disorders and psychopathic traits / Stuart F. WHITE in Development and Psychopathology, 24-3 (August 2012)
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PermalinkThe development of antisocial behavior: What can we learn from functional neuroimaging studies? / S. L. CROWE in Development and Psychopathology, 20-4 (Fall 2008)
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PermalinkThe development of psychopathy / R. James R. BLAIR in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 47-3/4 (March/April 2006)
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PermalinkThe relationship between large cavum septum pellucidum and antisocial behavior, callous-unemotional traits and psychopathy in adolescents / Stuart F. WHITE in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54-5 (May 2013)
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