Anterior EEG Asymmetry and the Modifier Model of Autism / Courtney BURNETTE in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 41-8 (August 2011)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 41-8 (August 2011) . - p.1113-1124 Titre : Anterior EEG Asymmetry and the Modifier Model of Autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Courtney BURNETTE, Auteur ; Heather A. HENDERSON, Auteur ; Anne Pradella INGE, Auteur ; Nicole E. ZAHKA, Auteur ; Caley B. SCHWARTZ, Auteur ; Peter C. MUNDY, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p.1113-1124 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : EEG asymmetry  Social motivation  Individual differences Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Individual differences in the expression of autism complicate research on the nature and treatment of this disorder. In the Modifier Model of Autism (Mundy et al. 2007), we proposed that individual differences in autism may result not only from syndrome specific causal processes, but also from variability in generic, non-syndrome specific modifier processes that affect the social and emotional development of all people. One study supporting this model found that measures of resting anterior EEG asymmetry, a measure reflecting complex brain processes associated with generic individual differences in approach and avoidance motivation, may help explain differences in the expression of autism in children without intellectual disabilities (Sutton et al. 2005). In the current study, we partially replicated the observation that children with autism who exhibited a pattern of left frontal EEG asymmetry tended to display milder levels of social symptoms, although in the current sample this pattern applied only to HFA children with relatively lower verbal IQs. New observations indicated that left frontal EEG asymmetry was also associated with retrospective parent reports of significantly later age of onset of symptoms, but also higher levels of self-reported outward expressions of anger as well as symptoms of obsessive compulsive disorder in school-age higher functioning children with ASD. Therefore, the results of this study provide a new and fully independent set of observations, which indicate that individual differences in anterior EEG asymmetry may significantly moderate the expression and developmental course of autism. This observation may have clinical implications for identifying meaningful diagnostic sub-groups among children with autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-010-1138-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=132 [article] Anterior EEG Asymmetry and the Modifier Model of Autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Courtney BURNETTE, Auteur ; Heather A. HENDERSON, Auteur ; Anne Pradella INGE, Auteur ; Nicole E. ZAHKA, Auteur ; Caley B. SCHWARTZ, Auteur ; Peter C. MUNDY, Auteur . - 2011 . - p.1113-1124. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 41-8 (August 2011) . - p.1113-1124 Mots-clés : EEG asymmetry  Social motivation  Individual differences Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Individual differences in the expression of autism complicate research on the nature and treatment of this disorder. In the Modifier Model of Autism (Mundy et al. 2007), we proposed that individual differences in autism may result not only from syndrome specific causal processes, but also from variability in generic, non-syndrome specific modifier processes that affect the social and emotional development of all people. One study supporting this model found that measures of resting anterior EEG asymmetry, a measure reflecting complex brain processes associated with generic individual differences in approach and avoidance motivation, may help explain differences in the expression of autism in children without intellectual disabilities (Sutton et al. 2005). In the current study, we partially replicated the observation that children with autism who exhibited a pattern of left frontal EEG asymmetry tended to display milder levels of social symptoms, although in the current sample this pattern applied only to HFA children with relatively lower verbal IQs. New observations indicated that left frontal EEG asymmetry was also associated with retrospective parent reports of significantly later age of onset of symptoms, but also higher levels of self-reported outward expressions of anger as well as symptoms of obsessive compulsive disorder in school-age higher functioning children with ASD. Therefore, the results of this study provide a new and fully independent set of observations, which indicate that individual differences in anterior EEG asymmetry may significantly moderate the expression and developmental course of autism. This observation may have clinical implications for identifying meaningful diagnostic sub-groups among children with autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-010-1138-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=132

Self-referenced memory, social cognition, and symptom presentation in autism / Heather A. HENDERSON in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 50-7 (July 2009)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 50-7 (July 2009) . - p.853-861 Titre : Self-referenced memory, social cognition, and symptom presentation in autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Heather A. HENDERSON, Auteur ; Peter C. MUNDY, Auteur ; Nicole KOJKOWSKI, Auteur ; Caley B. SCHWARTZ, Auteur ; Anne Pradella INGE, Auteur ; Nicole E. ZAHKA, Auteur ; Drew C. COMAN, Auteur ; Camilla M. HILEMAN, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : p.853-861 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autistic-disorder self-referenced-memory social-cognition social-symptoms Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: We examined performance on a self-referenced memory (SRM) task for higher-functioning children with autism (HFA) and a matched comparison group. SRM performance was examined in relation to symptom severity and social cognitive tests of mentalizing. Method: Sixty-two children (31 HFA, 31 comparison; 8–16 years) completed a SRM task in which they read a list of words and decided whether the word described something about them, something about Harry Potter, or contained a certain number of letters. They then identified words that were familiar from a longer list. Dependent measures were memory performance (d') in each of the three encoding conditions as well as a self-memory bias score (d' self–d' other). Children completed The Strange Stories Task and The Children's Eyes Test as measures of social cognition. Parents completed the SCQ and ASSQ as measures of symptom severity. Results: Children in the comparison sample showed the standard SRM effect in which they recognized significantly more self-referenced words relative to words in the other-referenced and letter conditions. In contrast, HFA children showed comparable rates of recognition for self- and other-referenced words. For all children, SRM performance improved with age and enhanced SRM performance was related to lower levels of social problems. These associations were not accounted for by performance on the mentalizing tasks. Conclusions: Children with HFA did not show the standard enhanced processing of self- vs. other-relevant information. Individual differences in the tendency to preferentially process self-relevant information may be associated with social cognitive processes that serve to modify the expression of social symptoms in children with autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.02059.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=771 [article] Self-referenced memory, social cognition, and symptom presentation in autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Heather A. HENDERSON, Auteur ; Peter C. MUNDY, Auteur ; Nicole KOJKOWSKI, Auteur ; Caley B. SCHWARTZ, Auteur ; Anne Pradella INGE, Auteur ; Nicole E. ZAHKA, Auteur ; Drew C. COMAN, Auteur ; Camilla M. HILEMAN, Auteur . - 2009 . - p.853-861. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 50-7 (July 2009) . - p.853-861 Mots-clés : Autistic-disorder self-referenced-memory social-cognition social-symptoms Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: We examined performance on a self-referenced memory (SRM) task for higher-functioning children with autism (HFA) and a matched comparison group. SRM performance was examined in relation to symptom severity and social cognitive tests of mentalizing. Method: Sixty-two children (31 HFA, 31 comparison; 8–16 years) completed a SRM task in which they read a list of words and decided whether the word described something about them, something about Harry Potter, or contained a certain number of letters. They then identified words that were familiar from a longer list. Dependent measures were memory performance (d') in each of the three encoding conditions as well as a self-memory bias score (d' self–d' other). Children completed The Strange Stories Task and The Children's Eyes Test as measures of social cognition. Parents completed the SCQ and ASSQ as measures of symptom severity. Results: Children in the comparison sample showed the standard SRM effect in which they recognized significantly more self-referenced words relative to words in the other-referenced and letter conditions. In contrast, HFA children showed comparable rates of recognition for self- and other-referenced words. For all children, SRM performance improved with age and enhanced SRM performance was related to lower levels of social problems. These associations were not accounted for by performance on the mentalizing tasks. Conclusions: Children with HFA did not show the standard enhanced processing of self- vs. other-relevant information. Individual differences in the tendency to preferentially process self-relevant information may be associated with social cognitive processes that serve to modify the expression of social symptoms in children with autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.02059.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=771

Temperament as a Predictor of Symptomotology and Adaptive Functioning in Adolescents with High-Functioning Autism / Caley B. SCHWARTZ in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 39-6 (June 2009)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 39-6 (June 2009) . - p.842-855 Titre : Temperament as a Predictor of Symptomotology and Adaptive Functioning in Adolescents with High-Functioning Autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Caley B. SCHWARTZ, Auteur ; Peter C. MUNDY, Auteur ; Nicole KOJKOWSKI, Auteur ; Heather A. HENDERSON, Auteur ; Anne Pradella INGE, Auteur ; Nicole E. ZAHKA, Auteur ; Drew C. COMAN, Auteur ; Camilla M. HILEMAN, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : p.842-855 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : High-functioning-autism Temperament Symptomology Social-emotional-functioning Social-skills Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Variation in temperament is characteristic of all people but is rarely studied as a predictor of individual differences among individuals with autism. Relative to a matched comparison sample, adolescents with High-Functioning Autism (HFA) reported lower levels of Surgency and higher levels of Negative Affectivity. Variability in temperament predicted symptomotology, social skills, and social-emotional outcomes differently for individuals with HFA than for the comparison sample. This study is unique in that temperament was measured by self-report, while all outcome measures were reported by parents. The broader implications of this study suggest that by identifying individual variability in constructs, such as temperament, that may influence adaptive functioning, interventions may be developed to target these constructs and increase the likelihood that individuals with HFA will achieve more adaptive life outcomes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-009-0690-y Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=758 [article] Temperament as a Predictor of Symptomotology and Adaptive Functioning in Adolescents with High-Functioning Autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Caley B. SCHWARTZ, Auteur ; Peter C. MUNDY, Auteur ; Nicole KOJKOWSKI, Auteur ; Heather A. HENDERSON, Auteur ; Anne Pradella INGE, Auteur ; Nicole E. ZAHKA, Auteur ; Drew C. COMAN, Auteur ; Camilla M. HILEMAN, Auteur . - 2009 . - p.842-855. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 39-6 (June 2009) . - p.842-855 Mots-clés : High-functioning-autism Temperament Symptomology Social-emotional-functioning Social-skills Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Variation in temperament is characteristic of all people but is rarely studied as a predictor of individual differences among individuals with autism. Relative to a matched comparison sample, adolescents with High-Functioning Autism (HFA) reported lower levels of Surgency and higher levels of Negative Affectivity. Variability in temperament predicted symptomotology, social skills, and social-emotional outcomes differently for individuals with HFA than for the comparison sample. This study is unique in that temperament was measured by self-report, while all outcome measures were reported by parents. The broader implications of this study suggest that by identifying individual variability in constructs, such as temperament, that may influence adaptive functioning, interventions may be developed to target these constructs and increase the likelihood that individuals with HFA will achieve more adaptive life outcomes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-009-0690-y Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=758

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