Classification of children with autism spectrum disorders: A finite mixture modeling approach to heterogeneity / Rose F. EAGLE in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 4-4 (October-December 2010)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 4-4 (October-December 2010) . - p.772-781 Titre : Classification of children with autism spectrum disorders: A finite mixture modeling approach to heterogeneity Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Rose F. EAGLE, Auteur ; Raymond G. ROMANCZYK, Auteur ; Mark F. LENZENWEGER, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.772-781 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Autism-spectrum-disorders Subtypes Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The heterogeneity found in autism and related disorders (i.e., “autism spectrum disorders”) is widely acknowledged. Even within a specific disorder, such as Autistic Disorder, the range in abilities and clinical presentation is broad. The heterogeneity observed has prompted many researchers to propose subtypes beyond the commonly used DSM-IV-TR diagnoses. However, previous research has used analysis procedures that have significant limitations. This research examined the possible presence and structure of latent behavioral subgroups in young children. Multiple measures were utilized including direct observational measurement of social behavior. Finite mixture modeling analysis revealed evidence for two latent components or subgroups. The groups differed significantly on IQ, receptive language, and social interactions, but not on autism symptom severity. The two groups did not differ by age or proportion of males or females, but differed in terms of diagnoses. Results are compared to existing models of subgroups in autism spectrum disorders, and discussed in terms of implications for future research and treatment. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2010.02.001 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=102 [article] Classification of children with autism spectrum disorders: A finite mixture modeling approach to heterogeneity [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Rose F. EAGLE, Auteur ; Raymond G. ROMANCZYK, Auteur ; Mark F. LENZENWEGER, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.772-781. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 4-4 (October-December 2010) . - p.772-781 Mots-clés : Autism Autism-spectrum-disorders Subtypes Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The heterogeneity found in autism and related disorders (i.e., “autism spectrum disorders”) is widely acknowledged. Even within a specific disorder, such as Autistic Disorder, the range in abilities and clinical presentation is broad. The heterogeneity observed has prompted many researchers to propose subtypes beyond the commonly used DSM-IV-TR diagnoses. However, previous research has used analysis procedures that have significant limitations. This research examined the possible presence and structure of latent behavioral subgroups in young children. Multiple measures were utilized including direct observational measurement of social behavior. Finite mixture modeling analysis revealed evidence for two latent components or subgroups. The groups differed significantly on IQ, receptive language, and social interactions, but not on autism symptom severity. The two groups did not differ by age or proportion of males or females, but differed in terms of diagnoses. Results are compared to existing models of subgroups in autism spectrum disorders, and discussed in terms of implications for future research and treatment. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2010.02.001 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=102

Does change in temperament predict change in schizoid personality disorder? A methodological framework and illustration from the Longitudinal Study of Personality Disorders / Mark F. LENZENWEGER in Development and Psychopathology, 21-4 (November 2009)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 21-4 (November 2009) . - p.1211-1231 Titre : Does change in temperament predict change in schizoid personality disorder? A methodological framework and illustration from the Longitudinal Study of Personality Disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Mark F. LENZENWEGER, Auteur ; John B. WILLETT, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : p.1211-1231 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Personality disorders (PDs) have been thought historically to be enduring, inflexible, and set in psychological stone relatively firmly; however, empirical findings from recent prospective multiwave longitudinal studies establish otherwise. Nearly all modern longitudinal studies of personality disorder have documented considerable change in PDs over time, suggesting considerable flexibility and plasticity in this realm of psychopathology. The factors and mechanisms of change in the PDs remain essentially opaque, and this area of PD research is just beginning to be probed using candidate predictors of change, such as personality systems. In this report, we investigate whether change in temperament dimensions (emotionality, activity, and sociability) predicts change in schizoid personality disorder. We present a latent growth framework for addressing this question and provide an illustration of the approach using data from the Longitudinal Study of Personality Disorders. Schizoid personality disorder was assessed using two different methodologies (structured psychiatric interview and self-report) and temperament was assessed using a well-known psychometric measure of temperament. All constructs were measured at three time points over a 4-year time period. To analyze these panel data, we fitted a covariance structure model that hypothesized simultaneous relationships between initial levels and rates of change in temperament and initial levels and rates of change in schizoid personality disorder. We found that rates of change in the core temperament dimensions studied do not predict rates of change in schizoid personality over time. We discuss the methodological advantages of the latent growth approach and the substantive meaning of the findings for change in schizoid personality disorder. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579409990125 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=847 [article] Does change in temperament predict change in schizoid personality disorder? A methodological framework and illustration from the Longitudinal Study of Personality Disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Mark F. LENZENWEGER, Auteur ; John B. WILLETT, Auteur . - 2009 . - p.1211-1231. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 21-4 (November 2009) . - p.1211-1231 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Personality disorders (PDs) have been thought historically to be enduring, inflexible, and set in psychological stone relatively firmly; however, empirical findings from recent prospective multiwave longitudinal studies establish otherwise. Nearly all modern longitudinal studies of personality disorder have documented considerable change in PDs over time, suggesting considerable flexibility and plasticity in this realm of psychopathology. The factors and mechanisms of change in the PDs remain essentially opaque, and this area of PD research is just beginning to be probed using candidate predictors of change, such as personality systems. In this report, we investigate whether change in temperament dimensions (emotionality, activity, and sociability) predicts change in schizoid personality disorder. We present a latent growth framework for addressing this question and provide an illustration of the approach using data from the Longitudinal Study of Personality Disorders. Schizoid personality disorder was assessed using two different methodologies (structured psychiatric interview and self-report) and temperament was assessed using a well-known psychometric measure of temperament. All constructs were measured at three time points over a 4-year time period. To analyze these panel data, we fitted a covariance structure model that hypothesized simultaneous relationships between initial levels and rates of change in temperament and initial levels and rates of change in schizoid personality disorder. We found that rates of change in the core temperament dimensions studied do not predict rates of change in schizoid personality over time. We discuss the methodological advantages of the latent growth approach and the substantive meaning of the findings for change in schizoid personality disorder. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579409990125 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=847

A source, a cascade, a schizoid: A heuristic proposal from The Longitudinal Study of Personality Disorders / Mark F. LENZENWEGER in Development and Psychopathology, 22-4 (November 2010)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 22-4 (November 2010) . - p.867-881 Titre : A source, a cascade, a schizoid: A heuristic proposal from The Longitudinal Study of Personality Disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Mark F. LENZENWEGER, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.867-881 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : It is argued that personality pathology represents the final emergent product of a complex interaction of underlying neurobehavioral systems as well as environment inputs. A number of factors may be involved in the developmental pathway and a cascading of effects is plausible, although a unifying cascade for all personality disorders is not likely. The present study suggests a possible cascade relevant to one personality disorder: schizoid personality disorder in emerging adulthood. In brief, it is hypothesized that the absence of a relationship characterized by a rich degree of psychological proximal process in early childhood, which is associated with nurturance and the facilitation of more complex development, predicts impairment in the actualization of the affiliation system (i.e., that system that facilitates interpersonal connectedness and social bonds in human beings and is under substantial genetic influence), and this impairment in the affiliation system predicts the appearance of schizoid personality disorder symptoms in emerging adulthood (late teens/early 20s), which persists over time into emerging adulthood. The impairment in the affiliation system is argued to proceed through childhood sociality as reflected in temperament on through adult personality as reflected in communal positive emotion. Furthermore, it is also hypothesized that the relationship between proximal processes and the affiliation system maintains irrespective of other childhood temperament factors that might adversely impact early parent/caregiver and child relations. The data for a preliminary illustration of this possible cascade are drawn from The Longitudinal Study of Personality Disorders, which is a prospective, multiwave study of personality disorders, personality, and temperament in a large sample of adults drawn from a nonclinical population. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579410000519 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=110 [article] A source, a cascade, a schizoid: A heuristic proposal from The Longitudinal Study of Personality Disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Mark F. LENZENWEGER, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.867-881. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 22-4 (November 2010) . - p.867-881 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : It is argued that personality pathology represents the final emergent product of a complex interaction of underlying neurobehavioral systems as well as environment inputs. A number of factors may be involved in the developmental pathway and a cascading of effects is plausible, although a unifying cascade for all personality disorders is not likely. The present study suggests a possible cascade relevant to one personality disorder: schizoid personality disorder in emerging adulthood. In brief, it is hypothesized that the absence of a relationship characterized by a rich degree of psychological proximal process in early childhood, which is associated with nurturance and the facilitation of more complex development, predicts impairment in the actualization of the affiliation system (i.e., that system that facilitates interpersonal connectedness and social bonds in human beings and is under substantial genetic influence), and this impairment in the affiliation system predicts the appearance of schizoid personality disorder symptoms in emerging adulthood (late teens/early 20s), which persists over time into emerging adulthood. The impairment in the affiliation system is argued to proceed through childhood sociality as reflected in temperament on through adult personality as reflected in communal positive emotion. Furthermore, it is also hypothesized that the relationship between proximal processes and the affiliation system maintains irrespective of other childhood temperament factors that might adversely impact early parent/caregiver and child relations. The data for a preliminary illustration of this possible cascade are drawn from The Longitudinal Study of Personality Disorders, which is a prospective, multiwave study of personality disorders, personality, and temperament in a large sample of adults drawn from a nonclinical population. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579410000519 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=110

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