Dépouillements

Parasympathetic Response Profiles Related to Social Functioning in Young Children with Autistic Disorder / Stephen J. SHEINKOPF in Autism Research and Treatment, (November 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research and Treatment > (November 2013) . - 7 p. Titre : Parasympathetic Response Profiles Related to Social Functioning in Young Children with Autistic Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Stephen J. SHEINKOPF, Auteur ; A. Rebecca NEAL-BEEVERS, Auteur ; Todd P. LEVINE, Auteur ; Cynthia MILLER-LONCAR, Auteur ; Barry M. LESTER, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : 7 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Psychophysiology studies of heart rate and heart rate variability can be employed to study regulatory processes in children with autism. The objective of this study was to test for differences in respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA; a measure of heart rate variability) and to examine the relationship between physiologic responses and measures of social behavior. Participants included 2- to 6-year-old children with Autistic Disorder and children without autism. Heart rate and RSA were derived from ECG recordings made during a baseline period and then a stranger approach paradigm. Social and adaptive behavior was assessed by parent report. Groups did not differ in mean heart rate or RSA at baseline or in response to social challenge. However, children with autism were more likely to show a physiologic response to intrusive portions of the stranger approach than to less intrusive portions of this procedure. Nonautistic children were equally likely to respond to intrusive and less intrusive social events. Within the autistic group, physiologic response to the intrusive stranger approach corresponded to higher ratings of social adaptive behaviors. These results suggest that physiologic responses to social challenge may help understand differences in social behavioral outcomes in children with autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/868396 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=228 [article] Parasympathetic Response Profiles Related to Social Functioning in Young Children with Autistic Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Stephen J. SHEINKOPF, Auteur ; A. Rebecca NEAL-BEEVERS, Auteur ; Todd P. LEVINE, Auteur ; Cynthia MILLER-LONCAR, Auteur ; Barry M. LESTER, Auteur . - 2013 . - 7 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research and Treatment > (November 2013) . - 7 p. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Psychophysiology studies of heart rate and heart rate variability can be employed to study regulatory processes in children with autism. The objective of this study was to test for differences in respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA; a measure of heart rate variability) and to examine the relationship between physiologic responses and measures of social behavior. Participants included 2- to 6-year-old children with Autistic Disorder and children without autism. Heart rate and RSA were derived from ECG recordings made during a baseline period and then a stranger approach paradigm. Social and adaptive behavior was assessed by parent report. Groups did not differ in mean heart rate or RSA at baseline or in response to social challenge. However, children with autism were more likely to show a physiologic response to intrusive portions of the stranger approach than to less intrusive portions of this procedure. Nonautistic children were equally likely to respond to intrusive and less intrusive social events. Within the autistic group, physiologic response to the intrusive stranger approach corresponded to higher ratings of social adaptive behaviors. These results suggest that physiologic responses to social challenge may help understand differences in social behavioral outcomes in children with autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/868396 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=228

Effectiveness of Methylcobalamin and Folinic Acid Treatment on Adaptive Behavior in Children with Autistic Disorder Is Related to Glutathione Redox Status / Richard E. FRYE in Autism Research and Treatment, (November 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research and Treatment > (November 2013) . - 9 p. Titre : Effectiveness of Methylcobalamin and Folinic Acid Treatment on Adaptive Behavior in Children with Autistic Disorder Is Related to Glutathione Redox Status Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Richard E. FRYE, Auteur ; Stepan MELNYK, Auteur ; George J. FUCHS, Auteur ; Tyra REID, Auteur ; Stefanie JERNIGAN, Auteur ; Oleksandra PAVLIV, Auteur ; Amanda HUBANKS, Auteur ; David W. GAYLOR, Auteur ; Laura WALTERS, Auteur ; S. Jill JAMES, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : 9 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Treatments targeting metabolic abnormalities in children with autism are limited. Previously we reported that a nutritional treatment significantly improved glutathione metabolism in children with autistic disorder. In this study we evaluated changes in adaptive behaviors in this cohort and determined whether such changes are related to changes in glutathione metabolism. Thirty-seven children diagnosed with autistic disorder and abnormal glutathione and methylation metabolism were treated with twice weekly 75?µg/Kg methylcobalamin and twice daily 400?µg folinic acid for 3 months in an open-label fashion. The Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale (VABS) and glutathione redox metabolites were measured at baseline and at the end of the treatment period. Over the treatment period, all VABS subscales significantly improved with an average effect size of 0.59, and an average improvement in skills of 7.7 months. A greater improvement in glutathione redox status was associated with a greater improvement in expressive communication, personal and domestic daily living skills, and interpersonal, play-leisure, and coping social skills. Age, gender, and history of regression did not influence treatment response. The significant behavioral improvements observed and the relationship between these improvements to glutathione redox status suggest that nutritional interventions targeting redox metabolism may benefit some children with autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/609705 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=228 [article] Effectiveness of Methylcobalamin and Folinic Acid Treatment on Adaptive Behavior in Children with Autistic Disorder Is Related to Glutathione Redox Status [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Richard E. FRYE, Auteur ; Stepan MELNYK, Auteur ; George J. FUCHS, Auteur ; Tyra REID, Auteur ; Stefanie JERNIGAN, Auteur ; Oleksandra PAVLIV, Auteur ; Amanda HUBANKS, Auteur ; David W. GAYLOR, Auteur ; Laura WALTERS, Auteur ; S. Jill JAMES, Auteur . - 2013 . - 9 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research and Treatment > (November 2013) . - 9 p. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Treatments targeting metabolic abnormalities in children with autism are limited. Previously we reported that a nutritional treatment significantly improved glutathione metabolism in children with autistic disorder. In this study we evaluated changes in adaptive behaviors in this cohort and determined whether such changes are related to changes in glutathione metabolism. Thirty-seven children diagnosed with autistic disorder and abnormal glutathione and methylation metabolism were treated with twice weekly 75?µg/Kg methylcobalamin and twice daily 400?µg folinic acid for 3 months in an open-label fashion. The Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale (VABS) and glutathione redox metabolites were measured at baseline and at the end of the treatment period. Over the treatment period, all VABS subscales significantly improved with an average effect size of 0.59, and an average improvement in skills of 7.7 months. A greater improvement in glutathione redox status was associated with a greater improvement in expressive communication, personal and domestic daily living skills, and interpersonal, play-leisure, and coping social skills. Age, gender, and history of regression did not influence treatment response. The significant behavioral improvements observed and the relationship between these improvements to glutathione redox status suggest that nutritional interventions targeting redox metabolism may benefit some children with autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/609705 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=228

The Relationship between Comprehension of Figurative Language by Japanese Children with High Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorders and College Freshmen’s Assessment of Its Conventionality of Usage / Manabu OI in Autism Research and Treatment, (November 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research and Treatment > (November 2013) . - 7 p. Titre : The Relationship between Comprehension of Figurative Language by Japanese Children with High Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorders and College Freshmen’s Assessment of Its Conventionality of Usage Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Manabu OI, Auteur ; Sanae TANAKA, Auteur ; Harue OHOKA, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : 7 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Unlike their English-speaking counterparts, Japanese children with high-functioning autism spectrum disorders (HFASDs) perform as well as typically developing (TD) children in comprehending metaphor, despite lacking 1st order theory of mind (ToM) reasoning. Additionally, although Japanese sarcasm and “indirect reproach” appear theoretically to need 2nd order ToM reasoning, HFASD children without this comprehended these forms of language as well as TD children. To attempt to explain this contradiction, we asked college freshmen to evaluate the strangeness (unconventionality) of these types of figurative language. We aimed to test the hypothesis that metaphor, sarcasm, and “indirect reproach” might be evaluated as more conventional than irony, which children with HFASDs do not comprehend as well as those with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The results for irony, metaphor, and “indirect reproach” supported the hypothesis, while those for sarcasm did not. Sarcasm is comprehended by HFASDs children as well as by TD children despite being evaluated as highly unconventional. This contradiction is discussed from a self-in-relation-to-other perspective. We postulate that a new explanation of disabilities of figurative language comprehension in children with HFASDs is needed instead of relying on a single cognitive process. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/480635 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=228 [article] The Relationship between Comprehension of Figurative Language by Japanese Children with High Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorders and College Freshmen’s Assessment of Its Conventionality of Usage [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Manabu OI, Auteur ; Sanae TANAKA, Auteur ; Harue OHOKA, Auteur . - 2013 . - 7 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research and Treatment > (November 2013) . - 7 p. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Unlike their English-speaking counterparts, Japanese children with high-functioning autism spectrum disorders (HFASDs) perform as well as typically developing (TD) children in comprehending metaphor, despite lacking 1st order theory of mind (ToM) reasoning. Additionally, although Japanese sarcasm and “indirect reproach” appear theoretically to need 2nd order ToM reasoning, HFASD children without this comprehended these forms of language as well as TD children. To attempt to explain this contradiction, we asked college freshmen to evaluate the strangeness (unconventionality) of these types of figurative language. We aimed to test the hypothesis that metaphor, sarcasm, and “indirect reproach” might be evaluated as more conventional than irony, which children with HFASDs do not comprehend as well as those with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The results for irony, metaphor, and “indirect reproach” supported the hypothesis, while those for sarcasm did not. Sarcasm is comprehended by HFASDs children as well as by TD children despite being evaluated as highly unconventional. This contradiction is discussed from a self-in-relation-to-other perspective. We postulate that a new explanation of disabilities of figurative language comprehension in children with HFASDs is needed instead of relying on a single cognitive process. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/480635 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=228