Cultural trauma and epigenetic inheritance / Amy LEHRNER in Development and Psychopathology, 30-5 (December 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 30-5 (December 2018) . - p.1763-1777 Titre : Cultural trauma and epigenetic inheritance Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Amy LEHRNER, Auteur ; Rachel YEHUDA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1763-1777 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The question of whether and how the effects of cultural trauma can be transmitted intergenerationally from parents to offspring, or even to later generations, has evoked interest and controversy in academic and popular forums. Recent methodological advances have spurred investigations of potential epigenetic mechanisms for this inheritance, representing an exciting area of emergent research. Epigenetics has been described as the means through which environmental influences “get under the skin,” directing transcriptional activity and influencing the expression or suppression of genes. Over the past decade, this complex environment–biology interface has shown increasing promise as a potential pathway for the intergenerational transmission of the effects of trauma. This article reviews challenges facing research on cultural trauma, biological findings in trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder, and putative epigenetic mechanisms for transmission of trauma effects, including through social, intrauterine, and gametic pathways. Implications for transmission of cultural trauma effects are discussed, focused on the relevance of cultural narratives and the possibilities of resilience and adaptivity. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579418001153 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=370 [article] Cultural trauma and epigenetic inheritance [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Amy LEHRNER, Auteur ; Rachel YEHUDA, Auteur . - p.1763-1777. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 30-5 (December 2018) . - p.1763-1777 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The question of whether and how the effects of cultural trauma can be transmitted intergenerationally from parents to offspring, or even to later generations, has evoked interest and controversy in academic and popular forums. Recent methodological advances have spurred investigations of potential epigenetic mechanisms for this inheritance, representing an exciting area of emergent research. Epigenetics has been described as the means through which environmental influences “get under the skin,” directing transcriptional activity and influencing the expression or suppression of genes. Over the past decade, this complex environment–biology interface has shown increasing promise as a potential pathway for the intergenerational transmission of the effects of trauma. This article reviews challenges facing research on cultural trauma, biological findings in trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder, and putative epigenetic mechanisms for transmission of trauma effects, including through social, intrauterine, and gametic pathways. Implications for transmission of cultural trauma effects are discussed, focused on the relevance of cultural narratives and the possibilities of resilience and adaptivity. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579418001153 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=370

Foundations of posttraumatic stress disorder: Does early life trauma lead to adult posttraumatic stress disorder? / Laura C. PRATCHETT in Development and Psychopathology, 23-2 (May 2011)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 23-2 (May 2011) . - p.477-491 Titre : Foundations of posttraumatic stress disorder: Does early life trauma lead to adult posttraumatic stress disorder? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Laura C. PRATCHETT, Auteur ; Rachel YEHUDA, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p.477-491 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The effects of childhood abuse are diverse, and although pathology is not the only outcome, psychiatric illness, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), can develop. However, adult PTSD is less common among those who experienced single-event traumas as children than it is among those who experienced childhood abuse. In addition, PTSD is more common among adults than children who experienced childhood abuse. Such evidence raises doubt about the direct, causal link between childhood trauma and adult PTSD. The experience of childhood trauma, and in particular abuse, has been identified as a risk factor for subsequent development of PTSD following exposure to adult trauma, and a substantial literature identifies revictimization as a factor that plays a pivotal role in this trajectory. The literature on the developmental effects of childhood abuse and pathways to revictimization, when considered in tandem with the biological effects of early stress in animal models, may provide some explanations for this. Specifically, it seems possible that permanent sensitization of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis and behavioral outcomes are a consequence of childhood abuse, and these combine with the impact of retraumatization to sustain, perpetuate, and amplify symptomatology of those exposed to maltreatment in childhood. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579411000186 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=121 [article] Foundations of posttraumatic stress disorder: Does early life trauma lead to adult posttraumatic stress disorder? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Laura C. PRATCHETT, Auteur ; Rachel YEHUDA, Auteur . - 2011 . - p.477-491. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 23-2 (May 2011) . - p.477-491 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The effects of childhood abuse are diverse, and although pathology is not the only outcome, psychiatric illness, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), can develop. However, adult PTSD is less common among those who experienced single-event traumas as children than it is among those who experienced childhood abuse. In addition, PTSD is more common among adults than children who experienced childhood abuse. Such evidence raises doubt about the direct, causal link between childhood trauma and adult PTSD. The experience of childhood trauma, and in particular abuse, has been identified as a risk factor for subsequent development of PTSD following exposure to adult trauma, and a substantial literature identifies revictimization as a factor that plays a pivotal role in this trajectory. The literature on the developmental effects of childhood abuse and pathways to revictimization, when considered in tandem with the biological effects of early stress in animal models, may provide some explanations for this. Specifically, it seems possible that permanent sensitization of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis and behavioral outcomes are a consequence of childhood abuse, and these combine with the impact of retraumatization to sustain, perpetuate, and amplify symptomatology of those exposed to maltreatment in childhood. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579411000186 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=121

Trouble stress post-traumatique: Épidémiologie, diagnostic et traitement / Laura C. PRATCHETT ; Rachel YEHUDA

Public ISBD in Les troubles liés aux traumatismes et aux facteurs de stress / Patricia R. CASEY Titre : Trouble stress post-traumatique: Épidémiologie, diagnostic et traitement Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Laura C. PRATCHETT, Auteur ; Rachel YEHUDA, Auteur Année de publication : 2018 Importance : p.101-122 Langues : Français (fre) Index. décimale : TRO-F TRO-F - Autres Troubles Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=549 in Les troubles liés aux traumatismes et aux facteurs de stress / Patricia R. CASEY Trouble stress post-traumatique: Épidémiologie, diagnostic et traitement [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Laura C. PRATCHETT, Auteur ; Rachel YEHUDA, Auteur . - 2018 . - p.101-122. Langues : Français (fre) Index. décimale : TRO-F TRO-F - Autres Troubles Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=549

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What can allostasis tell us about anabolic–androgenic steroid addiction? / Tom HILDEBRANDT in Development and Psychopathology, 23-3 (August 2011)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 23-3 (August 2011) . - p.907-919 Titre : What can allostasis tell us about anabolic–androgenic steroid addiction? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Tom HILDEBRANDT, Auteur ; Rachel YEHUDA, Auteur ; Lauren ALFANO, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p.907-919 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Anabolic–androgenic steroids (AASs) are synthetic hormones used by individuals who want to look better or perform better in athletics and at the gym. Their use raises an interesting paradox in which drug use is associated with a number of health benefits, but also the possibility of negative health consequences. Existing models of AAS addiction follow the traditional framework of drug abuse and dependence, which suggest that harmful use occurs as a result of the drug's ability to hijack the motivation–reward system. However, AASs, unlike typical drugs of abuse, are not used for acute intoxication effects or euphoria. Rather, AASs are used to affect the body through changes to the musculoskeletal system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis as opposed to stimulating the reward system. We offer an allostatic model of AAS addiction to resolve this inconsistency between traditional drug addiction and AAS addiction. This allostatic framework provides a way to (a) incorporate exercise into AAS misuse, (b) identify where AAS use transitions from recreational use into a drug problem, and (c) describe individual differences in vulnerability or resilience to AASs. Implications for this model of AAS addiction are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579411000393 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=132 [article] What can allostasis tell us about anabolic–androgenic steroid addiction? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Tom HILDEBRANDT, Auteur ; Rachel YEHUDA, Auteur ; Lauren ALFANO, Auteur . - 2011 . - p.907-919. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 23-3 (August 2011) . - p.907-919 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Anabolic–androgenic steroids (AASs) are synthetic hormones used by individuals who want to look better or perform better in athletics and at the gym. Their use raises an interesting paradox in which drug use is associated with a number of health benefits, but also the possibility of negative health consequences. Existing models of AAS addiction follow the traditional framework of drug abuse and dependence, which suggest that harmful use occurs as a result of the drug's ability to hijack the motivation–reward system. However, AASs, unlike typical drugs of abuse, are not used for acute intoxication effects or euphoria. Rather, AASs are used to affect the body through changes to the musculoskeletal system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis as opposed to stimulating the reward system. We offer an allostatic model of AAS addiction to resolve this inconsistency between traditional drug addiction and AAS addiction. This allostatic framework provides a way to (a) incorporate exercise into AAS misuse, (b) identify where AAS use transitions from recreational use into a drug problem, and (c) describe individual differences in vulnerability or resilience to AASs. Implications for this model of AAS addiction are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579411000393 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=132

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