Do different ADHD-related etiological risks involve specific neuropsychological pathways? An analysis of mediation processes by inhibitory control and delay aversion / Ursula PAULI-POTT in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54-7 (July 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-7 (July 2013) . - p.800-809 Titre : Do different ADHD-related etiological risks involve specific neuropsychological pathways? An analysis of mediation processes by inhibitory control and delay aversion Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Ursula PAULI-POTT, Auteur ; Silke DALIR, Auteur ; Tanja MINGEBACH, Auteur ; Alisa ROLLER, Auteur ; Katja BECKER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.800-809 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Inhibitory control (IC) has been regarded as a neuropsychological basic deficit and as an endophenotype of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Implicated here are mediation processes between etiological factors and ADHD symptoms. We thus analyze whether and to what extent executive IC and delay aversion (DA; i.e., reward-related IC) performance mediate the associations of familial, prenatal, and psychosocial risks with ADHD symptoms. Methods The study sample consisted of 130 preschool children (3–6 years; 50% boys), including 20% (n = 26) with a positive family history of ADHD (familial risk). Prenatal risks were mainly taken from medical records. Psychosocial risks were assessed by a structured interview. ADHD symptoms were assessed by structured interviews and questionnaires completed by parents and teachers. A set of neuropsychological tasks on IC and DA was conducted with the children. Results Familial, prenatal, and psychosocial risks were significantly associated with ADHD symptoms. IC and DA also correlated significantly with ADHD symptoms. While the familial risk significantly correlated with IC and DA, psychosocial and prenatal risks were only weakly associated with these measures. The link between the familial risk and ADHD symptoms was partially mediated by IC and DA. Conclusions The results indicate different neuropsychological pathways related to ‘positive family history of ADHD’ and prenatal risks. Given a cross-validation in future studies, the results underscore the endophenotypic character of IC and DA in preschool ages. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12059 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=203 [article] Do different ADHD-related etiological risks involve specific neuropsychological pathways? An analysis of mediation processes by inhibitory control and delay aversion [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Ursula PAULI-POTT, Auteur ; Silke DALIR, Auteur ; Tanja MINGEBACH, Auteur ; Alisa ROLLER, Auteur ; Katja BECKER, Auteur . - p.800-809. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-7 (July 2013) . - p.800-809 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Inhibitory control (IC) has been regarded as a neuropsychological basic deficit and as an endophenotype of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Implicated here are mediation processes between etiological factors and ADHD symptoms. We thus analyze whether and to what extent executive IC and delay aversion (DA; i.e., reward-related IC) performance mediate the associations of familial, prenatal, and psychosocial risks with ADHD symptoms. Methods The study sample consisted of 130 preschool children (3–6 years; 50% boys), including 20% (n = 26) with a positive family history of ADHD (familial risk). Prenatal risks were mainly taken from medical records. Psychosocial risks were assessed by a structured interview. ADHD symptoms were assessed by structured interviews and questionnaires completed by parents and teachers. A set of neuropsychological tasks on IC and DA was conducted with the children. Results Familial, prenatal, and psychosocial risks were significantly associated with ADHD symptoms. IC and DA also correlated significantly with ADHD symptoms. While the familial risk significantly correlated with IC and DA, psychosocial and prenatal risks were only weakly associated with these measures. The link between the familial risk and ADHD symptoms was partially mediated by IC and DA. Conclusions The results indicate different neuropsychological pathways related to ‘positive family history of ADHD’ and prenatal risks. Given a cross-validation in future studies, the results underscore the endophenotypic character of IC and DA in preschool ages. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12059 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=203

Inhibitory control and delay aversion in unaffected preschoolers with a positive family history of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder / Ursula PAULI-POTT in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 55-10 (October 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 55-10 (October 2014) . - p.1117-1124 Titre : Inhibitory control and delay aversion in unaffected preschoolers with a positive family history of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Ursula PAULI-POTT, Auteur ; Alisa ROLLER, Auteur ; Monika HEINZEL-GUTENBRUNNER, Auteur ; Tanja MINGEBACH, Auteur ; Silke DALIR, Auteur ; Katja BECKER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1117-1124 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder  hot and cool executive functions  cognitive control  response inhibition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background From current theories on the etiology of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), it can be inferred that delay aversion (DA) and deficits in inhibitory control (IC) constitute basic deficits or endophenotypes of the disorder that already occur in the preschool period. This implies an occurrence of the characteristics in unaffected preschoolers with a positive family history of ADHD. Thus, it is hypothesized that preschoolers who are not affected by ADHD but who have first-degree relatives who suffer, or have suffered, from ADHD show deficits in IC and heightened DA in comparison to preschoolers from the general population. Methods Thirty unaffected preschoolers with a positive family history of ADHD were compared with 30 control children matched with respect to age in months, gender, intelligence, and maternal education level. The groups also did not differ in terms of maternal depressive symptoms and the number of psychosocial family risks. A set of age-appropriate neuropsychological tasks on executive IC (e.g. Puppet Says, Day-Night, relying on Go-NoGo and interference paradigms) and DA (e.g. Snack Delay, Gift Wrap, relying on delay of gratification paradigm) was conducted. Results Unaffected preschoolers showed significantly higher DA than control children (t(29) = ?2.57, p .008). The result did not change when subclinical ADHD symptoms and symptoms of oppositional defiant disorder were controlled for (F(1,29) = 5.21, p .031). Differences in IC did not reach statistical significance. Conclusion The results are compatible with the assumption that DA constitutes a familial vulnerability marker that can be validly assessed in the preschool period. As this is the first study to address this issue in preschoolers, more research is needed to confirm and further analyze the significance of DA assessments specifically at this developmental stage. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12230 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=239 [article] Inhibitory control and delay aversion in unaffected preschoolers with a positive family history of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Ursula PAULI-POTT, Auteur ; Alisa ROLLER, Auteur ; Monika HEINZEL-GUTENBRUNNER, Auteur ; Tanja MINGEBACH, Auteur ; Silke DALIR, Auteur ; Katja BECKER, Auteur . - p.1117-1124. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 55-10 (October 2014) . - p.1117-1124 Mots-clés : Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder  hot and cool executive functions  cognitive control  response inhibition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background From current theories on the etiology of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), it can be inferred that delay aversion (DA) and deficits in inhibitory control (IC) constitute basic deficits or endophenotypes of the disorder that already occur in the preschool period. This implies an occurrence of the characteristics in unaffected preschoolers with a positive family history of ADHD. Thus, it is hypothesized that preschoolers who are not affected by ADHD but who have first-degree relatives who suffer, or have suffered, from ADHD show deficits in IC and heightened DA in comparison to preschoolers from the general population. Methods Thirty unaffected preschoolers with a positive family history of ADHD were compared with 30 control children matched with respect to age in months, gender, intelligence, and maternal education level. The groups also did not differ in terms of maternal depressive symptoms and the number of psychosocial family risks. A set of age-appropriate neuropsychological tasks on executive IC (e.g. Puppet Says, Day-Night, relying on Go-NoGo and interference paradigms) and DA (e.g. Snack Delay, Gift Wrap, relying on delay of gratification paradigm) was conducted. Results Unaffected preschoolers showed significantly higher DA than control children (t(29) = ?2.57, p .008). The result did not change when subclinical ADHD symptoms and symptoms of oppositional defiant disorder were controlled for (F(1,29) = 5.21, p .031). Differences in IC did not reach statistical significance. Conclusion The results are compatible with the assumption that DA constitutes a familial vulnerability marker that can be validly assessed in the preschool period. As this is the first study to address this issue in preschoolers, more research is needed to confirm and further analyze the significance of DA assessments specifically at this developmental stage. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12230 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=239

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