Longitudinal study of symptom severity and language in minimally verbal children with autism / Audrey THURM in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 56-1 (January 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-1 (January 2015) . - p.97-104 Titre : Longitudinal study of symptom severity and language in minimally verbal children with autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Audrey THURM, Auteur ; Stacy S. MANWARING, Auteur ; Lauren SWINEFORD, Auteur ; Cristan FARMER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.97-104 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Language  autism spectrum disorders  preschool children  assessment  minimally verbal Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background A significant minority of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are considered ‘minimally verbal’ due to language development stagnating at a few words. Recent developments allow for the severity of ASD symptoms to be examined using Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) Social Affect (SA) and Restricted and Repetitive Behaviors (RRB) domain severity scores. The aim of the current study was to explore language outcomes in a cohort of minimally verbal children with autism evaluated through the preschool years and determine if and how ASD symptom severity in core domains predicts the development of spoken language by age 5. Methods The sample consisted of 70 children with autism aged 1–5 years at the first evaluation who were examined at least 1 year later, during their fifth year of age. The ADOS overall level of language item was used to categorize children as minimally verbal or having phrase speech, and the Mullen Scales of Early Learning was used as a continuous measure of expressive language. Results At Time 1, 65% (n = 47) of children in the sample were minimally verbal and by Time 2, 36% (n = 17 of 47) of them had developed phrase speech. While the Time 1 ADOS calibrated severity scores did not predict whether or not a child remained minimally verbal at Time 2, change in the SA calibrated severity score (but not RRB) was predictive of the continuous measure of expressive language. However, change in SA severity no longer predicted continuous expressive language when nonverbal cognitive ability was added to the model. Conclusions Findings indicate that the severity of SA symptoms has some relationship with continuous language outcome, but not categorical. However, the omnipresent influence of nonverbal cognitive ability was confirmed in the current study, as the addition of it to the model rendered null the predictive utility of SA severity. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12285 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=259 [article] Longitudinal study of symptom severity and language in minimally verbal children with autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Audrey THURM, Auteur ; Stacy S. MANWARING, Auteur ; Lauren SWINEFORD, Auteur ; Cristan FARMER, Auteur . - p.97-104. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-1 (January 2015) . - p.97-104 Mots-clés : Language  autism spectrum disorders  preschool children  assessment  minimally verbal Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background A significant minority of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are considered ‘minimally verbal’ due to language development stagnating at a few words. Recent developments allow for the severity of ASD symptoms to be examined using Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) Social Affect (SA) and Restricted and Repetitive Behaviors (RRB) domain severity scores. The aim of the current study was to explore language outcomes in a cohort of minimally verbal children with autism evaluated through the preschool years and determine if and how ASD symptom severity in core domains predicts the development of spoken language by age 5. Methods The sample consisted of 70 children with autism aged 1–5 years at the first evaluation who were examined at least 1 year later, during their fifth year of age. The ADOS overall level of language item was used to categorize children as minimally verbal or having phrase speech, and the Mullen Scales of Early Learning was used as a continuous measure of expressive language. Results At Time 1, 65% (n = 47) of children in the sample were minimally verbal and by Time 2, 36% (n = 17 of 47) of them had developed phrase speech. While the Time 1 ADOS calibrated severity scores did not predict whether or not a child remained minimally verbal at Time 2, change in the SA calibrated severity score (but not RRB) was predictive of the continuous measure of expressive language. However, change in SA severity no longer predicted continuous expressive language when nonverbal cognitive ability was added to the model. Conclusions Findings indicate that the severity of SA symptoms has some relationship with continuous language outcome, but not categorical. However, the omnipresent influence of nonverbal cognitive ability was confirmed in the current study, as the addition of it to the model rendered null the predictive utility of SA severity. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12285 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=259

The gesture–language association over time in toddlers with and without language delays / Stacy S. MANWARING in Autism & Developmental Language Impairments, 4 (January-December 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism & Developmental Language Impairments > 4 (January-December 2019) Titre : The gesture–language association over time in toddlers with and without language delays Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Stacy S. MANWARING, Auteur ; Lauren SWINEFORD, Auteur ; Danielle L. MEAD, Auteur ; Chih-Ching YEH, Auteur ; Yue ZHANG, Auteur ; Audrey THURM, Auteur Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background and aimsYoung children with language delays or other factors that heighten risk for autism spectrum disorder often show reduced gesture use. In particular, deictic gestures such as pointing and showing are reported to be deficient in young children with autism spectrum disorder, and their use has been found to predict expressive vocabulary development. The first aim of this study was to examine the production of two types of gestures (deictic and conventional) for two communicative functions (behavior regulation and joint attention) across two observational contexts in a sample of 18-month-old toddlers with significant language delays compared to typical controls. The second aim was to examine if and how gesture use (type and communicative function) at 18 months is associated with later receptive and expressive language.MethodsToddlers with significant language delays (n=30) or typical development (n=62) were drawn from longitudinal studies of early language delay as a risk factor for autism spectrum disorder. Toddlers identified with early language delay were classified based on a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (n=12) or non-autism spectrum disorder (n=18) after an evaluation at 36 months. Gestures were coded from video recordings of the Communication and Symbolic Behavior Scales Developmental Profile?Behavior Sample and a naturalistic parent?child interaction obtained at 18 months. Language outcomes included receptive and expressive age equivalents from the Mullen Scales of Early Learning and the number of words produced on the MacArthur?Bates Communicative Development Inventories.ResultsAt 18 months, toddlers with language delay showed reduced deictic and conventional gesture use in both the Communication and Symbolic Behavior Scales Developmental Profile?Behavior Sample and parent?child interaction compared to toddlers with typical development. Within the language delay group, toddlers with an autism spectrum disorder diagnosis at outcome also produced significantly fewer deictic gestures than those without an autism spectrum disorder diagnosis across both communicative functions and observational contexts. While all groups of toddlers gestured more in the Communication and Symbolic Behavior Scales Developmental Profile?Behavior Sample, the mean difference in gesture use between the Communication and Symbolic Behavior Scales Developmental Profile?Behavior Sample and parent?child interaction was significantly larger in toddlers with typical development than language delay for deictic gestures, as compared to the difference between the two contexts for conventional gestures. In the combined sample, a significant association was found between deictic gestures used in the Communication and Symbolic Behavior Scales Developmental Profile?Behavior Sample and change in the number of words produced from 18 to 36 months, accounting for significant demographic and developmental confounders.ConclusionsFindings show that early language delay is associated with reduced deictic and conventional gestures across observational contexts. Importantly, deictic gesture use, but not conventional, was associated with the development of expressive language in toddlers with and without language delays.ImplicationsDeictic gestures play an important role in the development of expressive language in toddlers, including those with language delays. Assessment of young children with language delays should include evaluation of types of gestures used and communicative function of gestures, with assessments utilizing communicative temptations yielding higher rates of gesture production. Directly targeting both gesture type and function in early intervention may be important in facilitating the development of language. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/2396941519845545 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=402 [article] The gesture–language association over time in toddlers with and without language delays [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Stacy S. MANWARING, Auteur ; Lauren SWINEFORD, Auteur ; Danielle L. MEAD, Auteur ; Chih-Ching YEH, Auteur ; Yue ZHANG, Auteur ; Audrey THURM, Auteur. in Autism & Developmental Language Impairments > 4 (January-December 2019) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background and aimsYoung children with language delays or other factors that heighten risk for autism spectrum disorder often show reduced gesture use. In particular, deictic gestures such as pointing and showing are reported to be deficient in young children with autism spectrum disorder, and their use has been found to predict expressive vocabulary development. The first aim of this study was to examine the production of two types of gestures (deictic and conventional) for two communicative functions (behavior regulation and joint attention) across two observational contexts in a sample of 18-month-old toddlers with significant language delays compared to typical controls. The second aim was to examine if and how gesture use (type and communicative function) at 18 months is associated with later receptive and expressive language.MethodsToddlers with significant language delays (n=30) or typical development (n=62) were drawn from longitudinal studies of early language delay as a risk factor for autism spectrum disorder. Toddlers identified with early language delay were classified based on a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (n=12) or non-autism spectrum disorder (n=18) after an evaluation at 36 months. Gestures were coded from video recordings of the Communication and Symbolic Behavior Scales Developmental Profile?Behavior Sample and a naturalistic parent?child interaction obtained at 18 months. Language outcomes included receptive and expressive age equivalents from the Mullen Scales of Early Learning and the number of words produced on the MacArthur?Bates Communicative Development Inventories.ResultsAt 18 months, toddlers with language delay showed reduced deictic and conventional gesture use in both the Communication and Symbolic Behavior Scales Developmental Profile?Behavior Sample and parent?child interaction compared to toddlers with typical development. Within the language delay group, toddlers with an autism spectrum disorder diagnosis at outcome also produced significantly fewer deictic gestures than those without an autism spectrum disorder diagnosis across both communicative functions and observational contexts. While all groups of toddlers gestured more in the Communication and Symbolic Behavior Scales Developmental Profile?Behavior Sample, the mean difference in gesture use between the Communication and Symbolic Behavior Scales Developmental Profile?Behavior Sample and parent?child interaction was significantly larger in toddlers with typical development than language delay for deictic gestures, as compared to the difference between the two contexts for conventional gestures. In the combined sample, a significant association was found between deictic gestures used in the Communication and Symbolic Behavior Scales Developmental Profile?Behavior Sample and change in the number of words produced from 18 to 36 months, accounting for significant demographic and developmental confounders.ConclusionsFindings show that early language delay is associated with reduced deictic and conventional gestures across observational contexts. Importantly, deictic gesture use, but not conventional, was associated with the development of expressive language in toddlers with and without language delays.ImplicationsDeictic gestures play an important role in the development of expressive language in toddlers, including those with language delays. Assessment of young children with language delays should include evaluation of types of gestures used and communicative function of gestures, with assessments utilizing communicative temptations yielding higher rates of gesture production. Directly targeting both gesture type and function in early intervention may be important in facilitating the development of language. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/2396941519845545 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=402

The gesture–language association over time in toddlers with and without language delays / Stacy S. MANWARING in Autism & Developmental Language Impairments, 4 (January-December 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism & Developmental Language Impairments > 4 (January-December 2019) Titre : The gesture–language association over time in toddlers with and without language delays Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Stacy S. MANWARING, Auteur ; Lauren SWINEFORD, Auteur ; Danielle L. MEAD, Auteur ; Chih-Ching YEH, Auteur ; Yue ZHANG, Auteur ; Audrey THURM, Auteur Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Gesture  deictic  language delay  autism spectrum disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background and aimsYoung children with language delays or other factors that heighten risk for autism spectrum disorder often show reduced gesture use. In particular, deictic gestures such as pointing and showing are reported to be deficient in young children with autism spectrum disorder, and their use has been found to predict expressive vocabulary development. The first aim of this study was to examine the production of two types of gestures (deictic and conventional) for two communicative functions (behavior regulation and joint attention) across two observational contexts in a sample of 18-month-old toddlers with significant language delays compared to typical controls. The second aim was to examine if and how gesture use (type and communicative function) at 18 months is associated with later receptive and expressive language.MethodsToddlers with significant language delays (n=30) or typical development (n=62) were drawn from longitudinal studies of early language delay as a risk factor for autism spectrum disorder. Toddlers identified with early language delay were classified based on a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (n=12) or non-autism spectrum disorder (n=18) after an evaluation at 36 months. Gestures were coded from video recordings of the Communication and Symbolic Behavior Scales Developmental Profile?Behavior Sample and a naturalistic parent?child interaction obtained at 18 months. Language outcomes included receptive and expressive age equivalents from the Mullen Scales of Early Learning and the number of words produced on the MacArthur?Bates Communicative Development Inventories.ResultsAt 18 months, toddlers with language delay showed reduced deictic and conventional gesture use in both the Communication and Symbolic Behavior Scales Developmental Profile?Behavior Sample and parent?child interaction compared to toddlers with typical development. Within the language delay group, toddlers with an autism spectrum disorder diagnosis at outcome also produced significantly fewer deictic gestures than those without an autism spectrum disorder diagnosis across both communicative functions and observational contexts. While all groups of toddlers gestured more in the Communication and Symbolic Behavior Scales Developmental Profile?Behavior Sample, the mean difference in gesture use between the Communication and Symbolic Behavior Scales Developmental Profile?Behavior Sample and parent?child interaction was significantly larger in toddlers with typical development than language delay for deictic gestures, as compared to the difference between the two contexts for conventional gestures. In the combined sample, a significant association was found between deictic gestures used in the Communication and Symbolic Behavior Scales Developmental Profile?Behavior Sample and change in the number of words produced from 18 to 36 months, accounting for significant demographic and developmental confounders.ConclusionsFindings show that early language delay is associated with reduced deictic and conventional gestures across observational contexts. Importantly, deictic gesture use, but not conventional, was associated with the development of expressive language in toddlers with and without language delays.ImplicationsDeictic gestures play an important role in the development of expressive language in toddlers, including those with language delays. Assessment of young children with language delays should include evaluation of types of gestures used and communicative function of gestures, with assessments utilizing communicative temptations yielding higher rates of gesture production. Directly targeting both gesture type and function in early intervention may be important in facilitating the development of language. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/2396941519845545 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=409 [article] The gesture–language association over time in toddlers with and without language delays [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Stacy S. MANWARING, Auteur ; Lauren SWINEFORD, Auteur ; Danielle L. MEAD, Auteur ; Chih-Ching YEH, Auteur ; Yue ZHANG, Auteur ; Audrey THURM, Auteur. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism & Developmental Language Impairments > 4 (January-December 2019) Mots-clés : Gesture  deictic  language delay  autism spectrum disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background and aimsYoung children with language delays or other factors that heighten risk for autism spectrum disorder often show reduced gesture use. In particular, deictic gestures such as pointing and showing are reported to be deficient in young children with autism spectrum disorder, and their use has been found to predict expressive vocabulary development. The first aim of this study was to examine the production of two types of gestures (deictic and conventional) for two communicative functions (behavior regulation and joint attention) across two observational contexts in a sample of 18-month-old toddlers with significant language delays compared to typical controls. The second aim was to examine if and how gesture use (type and communicative function) at 18 months is associated with later receptive and expressive language.MethodsToddlers with significant language delays (n=30) or typical development (n=62) were drawn from longitudinal studies of early language delay as a risk factor for autism spectrum disorder. Toddlers identified with early language delay were classified based on a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (n=12) or non-autism spectrum disorder (n=18) after an evaluation at 36 months. Gestures were coded from video recordings of the Communication and Symbolic Behavior Scales Developmental Profile?Behavior Sample and a naturalistic parent?child interaction obtained at 18 months. Language outcomes included receptive and expressive age equivalents from the Mullen Scales of Early Learning and the number of words produced on the MacArthur?Bates Communicative Development Inventories.ResultsAt 18 months, toddlers with language delay showed reduced deictic and conventional gesture use in both the Communication and Symbolic Behavior Scales Developmental Profile?Behavior Sample and parent?child interaction compared to toddlers with typical development. Within the language delay group, toddlers with an autism spectrum disorder diagnosis at outcome also produced significantly fewer deictic gestures than those without an autism spectrum disorder diagnosis across both communicative functions and observational contexts. While all groups of toddlers gestured more in the Communication and Symbolic Behavior Scales Developmental Profile?Behavior Sample, the mean difference in gesture use between the Communication and Symbolic Behavior Scales Developmental Profile?Behavior Sample and parent?child interaction was significantly larger in toddlers with typical development than language delay for deictic gestures, as compared to the difference between the two contexts for conventional gestures. In the combined sample, a significant association was found between deictic gestures used in the Communication and Symbolic Behavior Scales Developmental Profile?Behavior Sample and change in the number of words produced from 18 to 36 months, accounting for significant demographic and developmental confounders.ConclusionsFindings show that early language delay is associated with reduced deictic and conventional gestures across observational contexts. Importantly, deictic gesture use, but not conventional, was associated with the development of expressive language in toddlers with and without language delays.ImplicationsDeictic gestures play an important role in the development of expressive language in toddlers, including those with language delays. Assessment of young children with language delays should include evaluation of types of gestures used and communicative function of gestures, with assessments utilizing communicative temptations yielding higher rates of gesture production. Directly targeting both gesture type and function in early intervention may be important in facilitating the development of language. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/2396941519845545 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=409

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