Estimation of the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder in South Korea, revisited / Peter C. PANTELIS in Autism, 20-5 (July 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 20-5 (July 2016) . - p.517-527 Titre : Estimation of the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder in South Korea, revisited Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Peter C. PANTELIS, Auteur ; Daniel P KENNEDY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.517-527 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders  epidemiology  prevalence  two-phase screening Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Two-phase designs in epidemiological studies of autism prevalence introduce methodological complications that can severely limit the precision of resulting estimates. If the assumptions used to derive the prevalence estimate are invalid or if the uncertainty surrounding these assumptions is not properly accounted for in the statistical inference procedure, then the point estimate may be inaccurate and the confidence interval may not be a true reflection of the precision of the estimate. We examine these potential pitfalls in the context of a recent high-profile finding by Kim et al. (2011, Prevalence of autism spectrum disorders in a total population sample. American Journal of Psychiatry 168: 904–912), who estimated that autism spectrum disorder affects 2.64% of children in a South Korean community. We reconstructed the study’s methodology and used Monte Carlo simulations to analyze whether their point estimate and 95% confidence interval (1.91%, 3.37%) were reasonable, given what was known about their screening instrument and sample. We find the original point estimate to be highly assumption-dependent, and after accounting for sources of uncertainty unaccounted for in the original article, we demonstrate that a more reasonable confidence interval would be approximately twice as large as originally reported. We argue that future studies should give serious consideration to the additional sources of uncertainty introduced by a two-phase design, which may easily outstrip any expected gains in efficiency. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361315592378 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=290 [article] Estimation of the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder in South Korea, revisited [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Peter C. PANTELIS, Auteur ; Daniel P KENNEDY, Auteur . - p.517-527. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 20-5 (July 2016) . - p.517-527 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders  epidemiology  prevalence  two-phase screening Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Two-phase designs in epidemiological studies of autism prevalence introduce methodological complications that can severely limit the precision of resulting estimates. If the assumptions used to derive the prevalence estimate are invalid or if the uncertainty surrounding these assumptions is not properly accounted for in the statistical inference procedure, then the point estimate may be inaccurate and the confidence interval may not be a true reflection of the precision of the estimate. We examine these potential pitfalls in the context of a recent high-profile finding by Kim et al. (2011, Prevalence of autism spectrum disorders in a total population sample. American Journal of Psychiatry 168: 904–912), who estimated that autism spectrum disorder affects 2.64% of children in a South Korean community. We reconstructed the study’s methodology and used Monte Carlo simulations to analyze whether their point estimate and 95% confidence interval (1.91%, 3.37%) were reasonable, given what was known about their screening instrument and sample. We find the original point estimate to be highly assumption-dependent, and after accounting for sources of uncertainty unaccounted for in the original article, we demonstrate that a more reasonable confidence interval would be approximately twice as large as originally reported. We argue that future studies should give serious consideration to the additional sources of uncertainty introduced by a two-phase design, which may easily outstrip any expected gains in efficiency. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361315592378 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=290

The influence of presentation modality on the social comprehension of naturalistic scenes in adults with autism spectrum disorder / Haley M GEDEK in Autism, 22-2 (February 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 22-2 (February 2018) . - p.205-215 Titre : The influence of presentation modality on the social comprehension of naturalistic scenes in adults with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Haley M GEDEK, Auteur ; Peter C. PANTELIS, Auteur ; Daniel P KENNEDY, Auteur Année de publication : 2018 Article en page(s) : p.205-215 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder,emotion recognition,high-functioning autism,multisensory integration,social comprehension Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The comprehension of dynamically unfolding social situations is made possible by the seamless integration of multimodal information merged with rich intuitions about the thoughts and behaviors of others. We examined how high-functioning adults with autism spectrum disorder and neurotypical controls made a complex social judgment (i.e. rating the social awkwardness of scenes from a television sitcom) across three conditions that manipulated presentation modality—visual alone, transcribed text alone, or visual and auditory together. The autism spectrum disorder and control groups collectively assigned similar mean awkwardness ratings to individual scenes. However, individual participants with autism spectrum disorder tended to respond more idiosyncratically than controls, assigning ratings that were less correlated with the ratings of the other participants in the sample. We found no evidence that this group difference was isolated to any specific presentation modality. In a comparison condition, we found no group differences when participants instead rated the happiness of characters (a more basic social judgment) in full audiovisual format. Thus, although we observed differences in the manner with which high-functioning adults with autism spectrum disorder make social judgments compared to controls, these group differences may be dependent on the social dimension being judged, rather than the specific modality of presentation. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/1362361316671011 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=335 [article] The influence of presentation modality on the social comprehension of naturalistic scenes in adults with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Haley M GEDEK, Auteur ; Peter C. PANTELIS, Auteur ; Daniel P KENNEDY, Auteur . - 2018 . - p.205-215. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 22-2 (February 2018) . - p.205-215 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder,emotion recognition,high-functioning autism,multisensory integration,social comprehension Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The comprehension of dynamically unfolding social situations is made possible by the seamless integration of multimodal information merged with rich intuitions about the thoughts and behaviors of others. We examined how high-functioning adults with autism spectrum disorder and neurotypical controls made a complex social judgment (i.e. rating the social awkwardness of scenes from a television sitcom) across three conditions that manipulated presentation modality—visual alone, transcribed text alone, or visual and auditory together. The autism spectrum disorder and control groups collectively assigned similar mean awkwardness ratings to individual scenes. However, individual participants with autism spectrum disorder tended to respond more idiosyncratically than controls, assigning ratings that were less correlated with the ratings of the other participants in the sample. We found no evidence that this group difference was isolated to any specific presentation modality. In a comparison condition, we found no group differences when participants instead rated the happiness of characters (a more basic social judgment) in full audiovisual format. Thus, although we observed differences in the manner with which high-functioning adults with autism spectrum disorder make social judgments compared to controls, these group differences may be dependent on the social dimension being judged, rather than the specific modality of presentation. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/1362361316671011 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=335

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