Dépouillements

Editorial / Dominick P. PURPURA in Cognitive Brain Research, 1-1 (June 1992)

Public ISBD [article]  inCognitive Brain Research > 1-1 (June 1992) . - p.1 Titre : Editorial Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Dominick P. PURPURA, Auteur Année de publication : 1992 Article en page(s) : p.1 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=780 [article] Editorial [texte imprimé] / Dominick P. PURPURA, Auteur . - 1992 . - p.1. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Cognitive Brain Research > 1-1 (June 1992) . - p.1 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=780

A neural network model of adaptively timed reinforcement learning and hippocampal dynamics / Stephen GROSSBERG in Cognitive Brain Research, 1-1 (June 1992)

Public ISBD [article]  inCognitive Brain Research > 1-1 (June 1992) . - p.3-38 Titre : A neural network model of adaptively timed reinforcement learning and hippocampal dynamics Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Stephen GROSSBERG, Auteur ; John W. L. MERRILL, Auteur Année de publication : 1992 Article en page(s) : p.3-38 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Learning Timing Neural network Reinforcement Emotion Recognition Attention Motor-control Hippocampus Thalamus Cortex Cerebellum N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=780 [article] A neural network model of adaptively timed reinforcement learning and hippocampal dynamics [texte imprimé] / Stephen GROSSBERG, Auteur ; John W. L. MERRILL, Auteur . - 1992 . - p.3-38. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Cognitive Brain Research > 1-1 (June 1992) . - p.3-38 Mots-clés : Learning Timing Neural network Reinforcement Emotion Recognition Attention Motor-control Hippocampus Thalamus Cortex Cerebellum N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=780

Task-determined strategies of visual process / Gad GEIGER in Cognitive Brain Research, 1-1 (June 1992)

Public ISBD [article]  inCognitive Brain Research > 1-1 (June 1992) . - p.39-52 Titre : Task-determined strategies of visual process Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Gad GEIGER, Auteur ; Jerome Y. LETTVIN, Auteur ; Olga ZEGARRA-MORAN, Auteur Année de publication : 1992 Article en page(s) : p.39-52 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Visual-strategy Lateral-masking Demasking Peripheral-vision Dyslexia Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Lateral masking in the peripheral field of vision obscures letter recognition and is not accounted for by diminished acuity. In measuring lateral masking between letters in the peripheral visual field we accidentally discovered that ordinary readers and severe dyslexics differ markedly in tachistoscopic letter recognition tasks. Tests were devised to measure the differences accurately. Ordinary readers recognize letters best in and near the center of gaze. Recognition falls off rapidly with angular distance in the peripheral field. Severe dyslexics recognize letters farther in the periphery in the direction of reading (English-natives to the right, Hebrew-natives to the left). They have marked lateral masking in and near the center of the field when letters are presented in aggregates. With dyslexia as an example, we proposed that the distribution of lateral masking is a task-dependent strategy in visual perception. To test this notion we designed an active practise regimen for 4 severe adult dyslexics, who within a few months improved sharply in reading. At the same time their test results changed to those of ordinary readers. We conclude that there are switchable task-determined pre-cognitive strategies of vision that can be learned and that the distribution of lateral masking may be part of what is learned. Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=780 [article] Task-determined strategies of visual process [texte imprimé] / Gad GEIGER, Auteur ; Jerome Y. LETTVIN, Auteur ; Olga ZEGARRA-MORAN, Auteur . - 1992 . - p.39-52. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Cognitive Brain Research > 1-1 (June 1992) . - p.39-52 Mots-clés : Visual-strategy Lateral-masking Demasking Peripheral-vision Dyslexia Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Lateral masking in the peripheral field of vision obscures letter recognition and is not accounted for by diminished acuity. In measuring lateral masking between letters in the peripheral visual field we accidentally discovered that ordinary readers and severe dyslexics differ markedly in tachistoscopic letter recognition tasks. Tests were devised to measure the differences accurately. Ordinary readers recognize letters best in and near the center of gaze. Recognition falls off rapidly with angular distance in the peripheral field. Severe dyslexics recognize letters farther in the periphery in the direction of reading (English-natives to the right, Hebrew-natives to the left). They have marked lateral masking in and near the center of the field when letters are presented in aggregates. With dyslexia as an example, we proposed that the distribution of lateral masking is a task-dependent strategy in visual perception. To test this notion we designed an active practise regimen for 4 severe adult dyslexics, who within a few months improved sharply in reading. At the same time their test results changed to those of ordinary readers. We conclude that there are switchable task-determined pre-cognitive strategies of vision that can be learned and that the distribution of lateral masking may be part of what is learned. Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=780

Distinctions and similarities among working memory processes: an event-related potential study / Daniel S. RUCHKIN in Cognitive Brain Research, 1-1 (June 1992)

Public ISBD [article]  inCognitive Brain Research > 1-1 (June 1992) . - p.53-66 Titre : Distinctions and similarities among working memory processes: an event-related potential study Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Daniel S. RUCHKIN, Auteur ; Ray JR JOHNSON, Auteur ; Jordan GRAFMAN, Auteur ; Howard CANOUNE, Auteur ; Walter RITTER, Auteur Année de publication : 1992 Article en page(s) : p.53-66 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Event-related-potential Slow-wave Working-memory Short-term-memory Visuo-spatial-sketch-pad Articulatory-rehearsal Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Working memory has been conceptualized as consiting of a number of components, such as an articulatory loop for rehearsing verbal material, a visuo-spatial sketch pad for maintaining visual images and a central executive that controls which information is made available for conscious processing. We recorded event-related brain potentials (ERPs) from normal human subjects while they maintained either visuo-spatial or phonological material in short-term memory for a 5-s interval. The results indicated that specialized brain systems for short-term storage of phonological and visuo-spatial information could be identified on the basis of marked differences between the topographies and morphologies of the ERP components elicited during these two types of short-term memory. The differences emerged during early encoding stages and continued through later retention stages. Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=780 [article] Distinctions and similarities among working memory processes: an event-related potential study [texte imprimé] / Daniel S. RUCHKIN, Auteur ; Ray JR JOHNSON, Auteur ; Jordan GRAFMAN, Auteur ; Howard CANOUNE, Auteur ; Walter RITTER, Auteur . - 1992 . - p.53-66. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Cognitive Brain Research > 1-1 (June 1992) . - p.53-66 Mots-clés : Event-related-potential Slow-wave Working-memory Short-term-memory Visuo-spatial-sketch-pad Articulatory-rehearsal Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Working memory has been conceptualized as consiting of a number of components, such as an articulatory loop for rehearsing verbal material, a visuo-spatial sketch pad for maintaining visual images and a central executive that controls which information is made available for conscious processing. We recorded event-related brain potentials (ERPs) from normal human subjects while they maintained either visuo-spatial or phonological material in short-term memory for a 5-s interval. The results indicated that specialized brain systems for short-term storage of phonological and visuo-spatial information could be identified on the basis of marked differences between the topographies and morphologies of the ERP components elicited during these two types of short-term memory. The differences emerged during early encoding stages and continued through later retention stages. Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=780

NBQX does not affect learning and memory tasks in mice: a comparison with D-CPPene and ifenprodil / Jolanta PARADA in Cognitive Brain Research, 1-1 (June 1992)

Public ISBD [article]  inCognitive Brain Research > 1-1 (June 1992) . - p.67-71 Titre : NBQX does not affect learning and memory tasks in mice: a comparison with D-CPPene and ifenprodil Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jolanta PARADA, Auteur ; S.J. CZUCZWAR, Auteur ; Waldemar A. TURSKI, Auteur Année de publication : 1992 Article en page(s) : p.67-71 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionate (AMPA) antagonist 2,3-dihydroxy-6-nitro-7-sulfamoyl-benzo(F)-quinoxaline (NBQX) did not impair working memory measured as alternation behavior in the Y-maze in mice. No depressant effect on alternation was detected even when NBQX impaired locomotion measured as the total number of arm entries. Similar profile of action in the Y-shaped maze was observed after administration of an anti-ischemic drug ifenprodil. In contrast, the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist (D-(E)-4-(3-phosphonoprop-2-enyl)piperazine-2-carboxylate (D-CPPene) impaired spontaneous alternation. In the step-through passive avoidance task, mice were trained to avoid dark compartment entry. NBQX and ifenprodil did not impair learning in this task when administered before or immediately after training. In contrast, D-CPPene disturbed acquisition when administered before but not immediately after training or before retention test. These observations suggest that AMPA receptors are not critically involved in the formation of spatial working memory and acquisition (storage) in the passive avoidance, and have no effect on recall (retrieval) from long-term memory. Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=780 [article] NBQX does not affect learning and memory tasks in mice: a comparison with D-CPPene and ifenprodil [texte imprimé] / Jolanta PARADA, Auteur ; S.J. CZUCZWAR, Auteur ; Waldemar A. TURSKI, Auteur . - 1992 . - p.67-71. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Cognitive Brain Research > 1-1 (June 1992) . - p.67-71 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionate (AMPA) antagonist 2,3-dihydroxy-6-nitro-7-sulfamoyl-benzo(F)-quinoxaline (NBQX) did not impair working memory measured as alternation behavior in the Y-maze in mice. No depressant effect on alternation was detected even when NBQX impaired locomotion measured as the total number of arm entries. Similar profile of action in the Y-shaped maze was observed after administration of an anti-ischemic drug ifenprodil. In contrast, the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist (D-(E)-4-(3-phosphonoprop-2-enyl)piperazine-2-carboxylate (D-CPPene) impaired spontaneous alternation. In the step-through passive avoidance task, mice were trained to avoid dark compartment entry. NBQX and ifenprodil did not impair learning in this task when administered before or immediately after training. In contrast, D-CPPene disturbed acquisition when administered before but not immediately after training or before retention test. These observations suggest that AMPA receptors are not critically involved in the formation of spatial working memory and acquisition (storage) in the passive avoidance, and have no effect on recall (retrieval) from long-term memory. Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=780